BR-102020005641-B1 - Integrated farming method for the yellow-tailed lambari fish, Amazonian shrimp, and curimbatá fish.

BR102020005641B1BR 102020005641 B1BR102020005641 B1BR 102020005641B1BR-102020005641-B1

Abstract

INTEGRATED METHOD FOR CULTIVATING YELLOW-TAILED LAMBARI FISH, AMAZONIAN SHRIMP AND CURIMBATÁ FISH. This is an integrated method (10) for culturing fish and shrimp, specifically in the area of aquaculture, and said integrated culture method (10) comprises a set of steps that enable the production of three distinct species, namely: i) yellow-tailed lambari fish Astyanax lacustris (E3); ii) Amazonian shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicu (E1); iii) curimbatá fish Prochilodus lineatus (E2) among other species for culture in freshwater excavated ponds (VR).

Inventors

ALINE MARCARI MARQUES
ANDRE ZUFFO BOARATTI
DALTON BELMUDES NETO
JULIA RAQUEL DO CARMO FERREIRA
PATRICIA MARIA CONTENTE MORAES VALENTI
PAULO VICTOR LEME MANTOAN
SERGIO RICARDO BATLOUNI
WAGNER COTRONI VALENTI

Assignees

UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JULIO DE MESQUITA FILHO

Dates

Publication Date: 20260317
Application Date: 20200320

Claims (2)

1) “INTEGRATED METHOD FOR CULTIVATING THE YELLOW-TAILED LAMBARI FISH, AMAZONIAN SHRIMP AND CURIMBATÁ FISH”, more precisely, it deals with an integrated method (10) for culturing fish and shrimp, specifically in the area of aquaculture; characterized by the integrated culture method (10) being comprised of a set of steps that enable the production of three distinct species, namely: i) Yellow-tailed Lambari fish ‘Astyanax lacustris’ (E3); ii) Amazonian shrimp ‘Macrobrachium amazonicum’ (E1); iii) Curimbatá fish ‘Prochilodus lineatus’ (E2) for culture in excavated freshwater ponds (VR); The aforementioned steps that make up the innovative method (10) are comprised of: - pond preparation stage (T1) - pond preparation depends on the region of the installation site, as well as the water source used to supply the ponds, with maximum use of the resources available in the ponds by the management technique, being supplied to replace water loss by evaporation and infiltration; ponds can be used where, due to local characteristics, it is necessary to carry out continuous and intermittent water renewal; - stocking stage (T2) — post-larvae or juveniles of ‘M. amazonicum’ are used at 25 individuals/m2, fry or juveniles of P. lineatus at 13 individuals/m2 and 50 individuals/m* of A. lacustres, occurring progressively; - stocking order stage (T3) — comprised of a first stocking of Amazonian shrimp ‘M. amazonicum’ (E1), followed, after a period of 7 days, by the stock of fry/juveniles of curimbatá fish ‘P. lineatus’ (E2), and, after about two weeks, the fry/juveniles of yellow-tailed Iambari fish ‘Astyanax lacustris’ (E3) are stocked; - cultivation stage (T4) - the cultivation time varies, defined according to the producer's target market, and this stage includes a feeding sub-stage (T4a), in which throughout the cultivation the producer feeds only ‘A. lacustris’, (E3) with a diet consisting of commercial floating feed with a particle size of 2 to 3 mm containing approximately 35% crude protein, according to total biomass, with 10% of the biomass in the first month being the broken feed, and 5% of the biomass from the beginning of the second month until harvest, divided into portions equally distributed throughout the day; other types of diets for freshwater fish may be used, provided they are floating, according to local availability; the Amazonian shrimp ‘M. amazonicum’ (E1) and the curimbatá fish ‘P. lineatus’ (E2) feed on other organisms and detritus that develop naturally in the ponds, such as periphyton, from the remains of the feed offered to the ‘A. lacustris’ (E3) and the waste produced by them; - harvesting stage (T5) carried out by moving the fishing net made of mesh suitable for the dimensions of the species, this procedure results in the collection of a greater proportion of ‘A. lacustris’ (E3) in relation to the other species; within the ponds, the species must be separated and for harvesting targeting ‘U. amazonicum’ (E1) and the curimbatá fish ‘P. lineatus’ (E2), the net is moved meticulously with heavy weighting to keep it close to the bottom of the ponds.
2) “INTEGRATED METHOD FOR CULTIVATING THE YELLOW-TAILED LAMBARI FISH, AMAZONIAN SHRIMP AND CURIMBATÁ FISH”, according to claim 1 and with the cultivation stage (T4), characterized by the feed adjustment being carried out by collecting 30 to 50 individuals of ‘A. lacustris’ (E3) from each pond to weigh the total biomass of the individuals, dividing it by the number of animals weighed, being 30 to 50 animals, thus obtaining the weight of each individual, and said value is multiplied by the total of ‘A. lacustris’ (E3) in the pond, estimated based on the number stocked and a mortality rate of 10% per month.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [001] This invention patent relates to an integrated method for cultivating the yellow-tailed lambari fish - ‘Astyanax lacustris’, the Amazonian shrimp - ‘Macrobrachium amazonicum’ - and the curimbatá fish ‘Prochilodus lineatus’, more precisely dedicated to the area of aquaculture where, notably, said integrated method allows the production of two or three species in excavated ponds, with the first species receiving direct feeding and the others feeding on allochthonous and autochthonous residues made available by the system itself, thus meeting sustainability and the principles of the circular economy by taking advantage of available resources when compared to monocultures in the conventional market. HISTORY OF THE TECHNIQUE [002] Although monoculture is quite widespread among Brazilian producers, it appears to be inefficient, since, on average, only 20% of the nutrients available in the diet are absorbed and retained in the biomass by the target species, while the remaining 80% become solid residues available in the cultivation system or are lost through infiltration into the soil or effluents - ‘Boyd et., 2007’, ‘Valenti et al., 2011’. [003] Thus, the integrated system has shown promising results regarding the cultivation of aquatic organisms and those associated with them - Marques et al., 2016. [004] The productive efficiency of integrated farming between two species such as tilapia - ‘Oreochromis niloticus’ - and shrimp ‘Macrobrachium spp’, ‘New & Valenti, 2017; Rodrigues et al., 2019’ is already known. [005] Research conducted in specialized databases revealed documents related to fish and/or shrimp farming, such as document no. CN104604761, which deals with a method of raising fish and shrimp, where a shrimp farming pond is built next to a fish pond, the fish pond is used for raising fish and the other pond for raising shrimp. Bottom pollution discharge is carried out in the shrimp farming pond, balanced oxygenation is carried out at the bottom of the shrimp farming pond, water quality purification processing and manual water quality adjustment are carried out in the shrimp farming pond, rainproofing and freezing protection in the shrimp is achieved through a greenhouse, cooling in the shrimp farming pond is carried out through a sun protection net, and shrimp feces are discharged into the fish pond. Through the fish and shrimp farming method, the success rate in shrimp farming is improved by 50%, shrimp diseases and stress reactions are significantly reduced, the survival rate is effectively improved, and the farm farming profit is improved more than threefold; furthermore, the quality of the fish and shrimp is greatly improved, and the fish and shrimp are safer and healthier. Meanwhile, a balanced bottom oxygenation device, a bottom pollution discharge device, a water quality purification system, a greenhouse heat preservation and rainproof device, a sun protection device with a sunshade net, and a water quality monitoring system are arranged in a combined mode. [006] Document No. CN108740588A concerns a preparation used for the cultivation of fish and shrimp. The preparation comprises the following raw materials: glucose, monopotassium phosphate, ‘gelidium amansii’, vitamin C, vitamin E, and organic acid. The preparation used for the cultivation of fish and shrimp has the advantages of being combined with fish and shrimp feed, improving the organism's immunity, avoiding diseases, preventing illnesses, promoting growth and development, and increasing yield and performance. [007] Document No. CN105265348 deals with a mixed shrimp and fish farming method provided with a pollution discharge device located at the bottom of a farming tank, and the farming carried out by establishing cages on the ground and listing in batches. A mixed shrimp and fish farming tank includes a pollution discharge device located at the bottom of the tank. The mixed fish/shrimp farming method and the farming pond can obtain obvious economic benefits during fish/shrimp farming. [008] Thus, it is a fact that the documents cited in the paragraphs above, despite belonging to the same field of application, do not present any of the characteristics of the method now improved, thus guaranteeing that it meets the legal requirements for patentability. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION [009] The objective of the present invention is to present an integrated method for cultivating yellowtail lambari fish - ‘Astyanax lacustris’, Amazonian shrimp - ‘Macrobrachium amazonicum’ - and curimbatá fish ‘Prochilodus lineatus’ in excavated ponds, wherein only the first species receives direct feeding and the others feed on allochthonous and autochthonous residues made available by the system itself. [010] Another objective of the present invention lies in the fact that the integrated cultivation method uses three native species in order to increase the sustainability of the production system and take advantage of available resources whe