Search

BR-102021010384-B1 - Equipment for cleaning and/or testing high-pressure fuel injectors.

BR102021010384B1BR 102021010384 B1BR102021010384 B1BR 102021010384B1BR-102021010384-B1

Abstract

EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTORS. The equipment (1) is intended for the field of vehicle engine maintenance companies in general, being designed to allow the cleaning and testing of high-pressure injector nozzles (19) of direct fuel injection systems of vehicle engines, incorporating innovations such as a low-pressure pump (2) connected to a fluid reservoir (3) and feeding a high-pressure pump (9), said pump (9) being driven by the mechanical action of an electric motor (AC or DC) (10) by a direct transmission system with toothed wheels (11) and (12) mounted respectively on the drive shafts of the high-pressure pump (9) and on the shaft of the electric motor (10) and connected by chain (17); Another innovation of the equipment (1) is to have a return solenoid/valve (26) that is activated by the pressure sensor (37) whenever the system pressure reaches a value of 450 bar; another innovative point is that the equipment (1) has a viewing chamber (78) that allows observation of the fan spray projected by the injector nozzles (19) during cleaning or testing procedures.

Inventors

  • MARIO PEDRO ANARGYROU

Assignees

  • MARIO PEDRO ANARGYROU

Dates

Publication Date
20260317
Application Date
20210528

Claims (16)

  1. 1. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTORS", the equipment (1), being characterized by a low-pressure pump (2) connected to a fluid reservoir (3); the low-pressure pump (2) is electrically driven by an electric motor (4), and controlled by a control board (5), having its output (6) connected by piping (7) to the inlet (8) of a high-pressure pump (9) mechanically driven by the mechanical action of an electric motor (AC or DC) (10) by a direct transmission system with toothed wheels (11) and (12) mounted respectively on the drive shafts of the high-pressure pump (9) and on the shaft of the electric motor (10) and connected by chain (17); the electric motor (10) driving the high-pressure pump (9) is controlled by a control module (13); The equipment (1) incorporates a PCB (20) that has fuses (59) for protection of the injector nozzles (19) and is also equipped with fans (60) that promote airflow to dissipate the heat generated by the PCB (20) itself, which also has a potentiometer (61) for adjusting the operating time in (ms) of the injector nozzles (19) and another potentiometer (62) for adjusting the pulsation of the injector nozzles (19) in RPM value (0.1 to 30,000 RPM); the equipment (1) has a viewing chamber (78) positioned under a plate (81), which is defined as a compartment made of transparent material and where an internal space (82) is established inside which the injector nozzles (19) in the test and/or cleaning procedure are positioned; The equipment (1) has a return solenoid/valve (26) that is activated by the pressure sensor (37) and is activated whenever the system pressure reaches a value of 450 bar, a condition indicated by the pressure sensor (37); the solenoid/valve (26) is connected, through the pipe (25) to the third outlet (24) of the high pressure pump (9), so that the pressure sensor (37) monitors the pressure in the system from the high pressure pump (9) activating the solenoid/valve (26) whenever the pressure reaches the maximum allowed value of 450 bar.
  2. 2. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized in that the first outlet (14) of the high-pressure pump (9) is connected to a pipe (15) equipped with a quick coupling (16) which is coupled to a connection (18A) of a block (18), in which the injector nozzles (19) are mounted, each of the injector nozzles (19) being controlled by the PCB (20) of the equipment (1); the second outlet (21) of the high-pressure pump (9) is connected to the pipe (22) that connects the said high-pressure pump (9) to the pressure gauge (23) of the equipment (1); and the third outlet (24) of the high-pressure pump (9) is coupled to the pipe (25) which at its opposite end has the solenoid/valve (26) connected.
  3. 3. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTORS", according to claim 1, characterized by the PCB (20) also allowing the operation of the equipment's functions (1) which include adjusting the operating time of the high-pressure injectors (19) up or down in milliseconds - ms, the pulse frequency of the injectors (19) which is given in RPM, the equipment (1) has a display (27) for displaying the RPM values applied to the injectors (19), a display (28) for displaying the values in milliseconds - ms of the pulses applied to the injectors (19), a mode selection switch (29) that selects between the "flow" (30), "spray" (31) or "sequential" (32) function modes, selection of the type of injector to be worked on, whether piezoelectric or magnetic, timer (33) which regulates the operating time of the equipment with its respective display (34), function to check the flow rate of the injector nozzles (19) both in groups and individually, through the selector switches (35) one for each injector nozzle (19) that will be tested and evaluated, which are indicated by specific LEDs (36), one LED (36) corresponding to each injector nozzle (19); the timer (33) is operated by a button (40) with which it can be adjusted, the said timer (33) also has a selection button (41) for “adjusting for more time”, a selection button (42) for “reset” and a selection button (43) for “adjusting for less time”, there is also an on/off switch (44) for the timer (33).
  4. 4. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the solenoid/valve (26) opening when the maximum pressure of 450 bar is reached, allowing the fluid under excessive pressure to pass through it and then be directed to the return pipe (38) to the reservoir (3).
  5. 5. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING INJECTOR NOZZLES WITH HIGH PRESSURE", according to claim 1, characterized in that when the equipment (1) is in "flow" operation, the high-pressure pump (9) generates a high-pressure flow that is sent, through the high-pressure piping (15) to the block (18) in which the injector nozzles (19) are previously mounted, the injector nozzles (19) being controlled by return solenoids (39), which release, when opened, the flow of fluid applied to the injector nozzles (19).
  6. 6. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTORS", according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment (1) has a relay (63) that is connected to the control module (13) of the electric motor (10), said relay (63) is also connected, in turn, to a power switching board (64), which receives the signal from the pressure sensor (37), amplifies this signal and activates the solenoid/return valve (26) in the aforementioned overpressure condition, when the pressure of 450 bar is reached; A relay (65) is connected, on one side, to the control board (5) of the low-pressure pump (2), more specifically to the electric motor (4) integrated into said low-pressure pump (2), and, on the other side, the relay (65) is connected, by cable (66), to the power switching board (64) connected to the aforementioned electric motor relay (65); the injectors (19) are connected, through connecting cables (58) to the respective outputs (67), (68), (69) and (70) of the PCB (20); selector switches (35) control the selection of the injectors (19) that can be operated; a transformer (71) is also connected to the PCB (20), and from said transformer (71) comes a first 12-volt output (72) that is directed to power the injector control module (19); The second output (73) of the transformer (71) operates at 70 volts, thus allowing it to power, via connection (72), the magnetic type injectors (19B), while the third output (74) of said transformer (71) operates at 170 volts, thus being intended to power, via connection (75), piezoelectric type injectors (19A); the transformer (71) also powers, via a cable (76), an LED lighting device (77), which operates at 12 volts and is mounted in the viewing chamber (78); the transformer (71) has a power input (79) that operates at 220 V AC, and this power input is provided for with a general on/off switch (80) with which the equipment (1) can be completely switched off.
  7. 7. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the block (18) in which the injector nozzles (19) are previously fixed being mounted in the rear region of the cabinet (45) of the equipment (1), being fixed and held under pressure by mounting crossbars (46); Each of the mounting crossbars (46) consists of an angle bracket (48) provided with a cutout (47) with a width equal to the width of the block (18), such angle brackets (48) being traversed and fixed at their ends by nuts (49) in threaded rods (50), which in turn are screwed into a plate (51) supported and fixed on columns (52) fixed to the upper wall (53) of the cabinet (45) of the equipment (1), and below the said plate (51) are mounted the burettes (54), one burette (54) for each of the injector nozzles (19); in this condition, cleaning or testing procedures can be performed on each injector nozzle (19), so that the flow passing through each injector nozzle (19) can be measured and visually monitored directly by reference to the volumetric scale (55) engraved on each of the burettes (54).
  8. 8. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING INJECTOR NOZZLES WITH HIGH PRESSURE", according to claim 1, characterized by the block (18) in which the injector nozzles (19) are previously fixed, being mounted in the front region of the cabinet (45) of the equipment (1), being fixed and held under pressure by the mounting crossbars (46) which will be fixed at their ends in threaded rods (50), which in turn are fixed to a plate (81) supported on columns (52), and under the plate (81) is positioned the viewing chamber (78).
  9. 9. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the viewing chamber (78) being made of polycarbonate.
  10. 10. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the viewing chamber (78) being made of acrylic.
  11. 11. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the flow of pressurized liquid exiting the injector nozzles (19) into the viewing chamber (78), flowing through a drain (85) positioned at the bottom of the viewing chamber (78), which, through a pipe (57), returns this liquid to the reservoir (3) of the equipment (1).
  12. 12. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized in that the viewing chamber (78) incorporates an LED lighting device (77) which is constituted as an LED strip (87) fitted with a connector (87A) and fixed to a coating plate (88), said coating plate (88) being fixed directly under the lower face (89) of the viewing chamber plate (81) (78).
  13. 13. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wall (83) of the viewing chamber (78) is painted or coated (84) with dark-colored material.
  14. 14. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the flow of pressurized fluid passing through the return solenoids (29) being directed to a concentrator tube (56) which in turn directs this flow to a return pipe (57) that terminates in the reservoir (3) of the equipment (1); said return solenoids (29) are also connected to PCB (20) via individual cables (58).
  15. 15. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the side wall (90) of the cabinet (45) of the equipment (1) having an observation opening (91) aligned with the reservoir (3) mounted inside the equipment (1).
  16. 16. "EQUIPMENT FOR CLEANING AND/OR TESTING HIGH-PRESSURE INJECTOR NOZZLES", according to claim 1, characterized by the possibility of adjusting the RPM value in a range of 0.1 to 30,000 RPM, allowing visualization of the spray produced by the injector nozzles (19) in a manner analogous to a "slow motion" camera.

Description

FIELD OF APPLICATION [001] This Invention Patent application proposes equipment intended for use in cleaning and/or testing procedures of injector nozzles in high-pressure direct injection systems of motor vehicles, thus integrating the field of equipment aimed at the maintenance of motor vehicles in general. PREAMBLE [002] This patent application concerns an innovative piece of equipment specifically designed and developed for use in cleaning procedures and/or performance testing of high-pressure injectors (piezoelectric or magnetic types) used in direct fuel injection systems of vehicle engines in general. The equipment now proposed presents, in relation to the state of the art, a series of advantages that will be further highlighted in the text below. STATE OF THE ART [003] As is known, in internal combustion engines, especially those that equip motor vehicles in general, the carburetor ceased to be used many years ago, being replaced by the electronic fuel injection system, and more recently by a high-pressure electronic (direct) fuel injection system, which, unlike the previous ones that work with 3 to 6 bar of fuel pressure, works with values between 40 and up to 850 bar, in which a specific injector nozzle (of the piezoelectric or magnetic types) is provided for each of the engine cylinders. [004] The role of fuel injectors is to meter the amount of fuel that needs to be burned in the cylinders during each engine operating cycle. The most common systems are indirect injection systems, where a fuel injector sprays fuel into the intake manifold at low pressure, typically below 6 bar, so that it mixes with air, thus forming the air/fuel mixture that is drawn into the cylinders when the respective intake valves are opened. [005] More recently we also have direct injection systems, in which each cylinder has an injector nozzle that works with high fuel pressure, between 40 and 850 bar, injecting fuel directly into the cylinder after air compression, at the end of the compression cycle. [006] Although the indirect injection system is older and widely used because it has lower manufacturing and maintenance costs, the direct injection system has clear advantages from an efficiency standpoint. [007] Part of the general maintenance of injection systems (indirect or direct) involves ensuring the correct functioning of the injectors, which are particularly affected, for example, when the vehicle's engine is fed with low-quality or adulterated fuel. In extreme cases, the fuel flow in the injectors begins to be progressively reduced, and in more serious occurrences, this can lead to the injectors becoming clogged, thus requiring their disassembly and cleaning. [008] As a rule, injector nozzle cleaning is done using specific equipment, some of which, in addition to pumping cleaning fluid, also uses ultrasound to detach particles adhered internally and externally to the parts of the injector nozzle that normally come into contact with the fuel. STATE OF THE ART PROBLEMS [009] More than just cleaning, injector nozzle maintenance also requires testing them so that before they are subjected to cleaning procedures, the individual performance of each nozzle can be evaluated, an evaluation that is repeated after the cleaning procedure to measure the performance of the nozzles. [010] In general, the equipment currently used in testing and cleaning procedures does not fulfill the function of enabling the performance evaluation of direct injection nozzles, as it operates at low pressure and the electrical pulses of indirect injectors (low pressure) are completely different from the high-pressure injectors used in direct injection systems, both in the piezoelectric and magnetic versions. [011] Another drawback related to the state of the art concerns the fact that the known and currently used equipment is low pressure, which does not allow visualization of the spray pattern of the nozzles. This makes it difficult to determine the performance level of each injector nozzle after it has been subjected to the cleaning procedure. For this purpose, a viewing chamber was developed where the injectors are installed, and in this unique and exclusive way, the spray pattern and shape of the fluid can be instantly verified during high-pressure operation. [012] Another drawback of the state of the art is the fact that there is no equipment for testing injectors used in direct injection systems that operate with high pressure and electrical pulses different from those required for low-pressure injectors, because they require a high-power (pressure) pumping system, have a complex, expensive, and difficult-to-maintain construction, and are therefore beyond the reach of smaller repair shops. [013] Another drawback found in the equipment used for cleaning and testing injectors belonging to the state of the art is that they do not simulate the correct operation of high-pressure injectors, both in terms of the electrical pulses for their activat