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BR-102021025927-B1 - HYBRID AND COMPACT POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION METHOD

BR102021025927B1BR 102021025927 B1BR102021025927 B1BR 102021025927B1BR-102021025927-B1

Abstract

HYBRID AND COMPACT ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM AND SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION METHOD. This invention patent refers to a hybrid and compact system for sustainable energy generation using renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic energy, wind energy, thermoelectric energy through the Seebeck effect, and alternatively, energy through a steam turbine. More specifically, these energy sources are composed of photovoltaic energy, wind energy, thermoelectric energy through the Seebeck effect, and energy through a steam turbine. Furthermore, this patent refers to an intelligent method for managing and operating said hybrid energy generation system, capable of generating energy for up to 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, since it depends only on renewable natural sources to function. In addition, the fact that the hybrid energy generation system is configured in a compact module allows it to be transported and installed anywhere.

Inventors

  • ANTONIO FERNANDO PORTA
  • Fernando FERNANDES

Assignees

  • FERNANDO FERNANDES
  • ANTONIO FERNANDO PORTA

Dates

Publication Date
20260317
Application Date
20211221

Claims (16)

  1. 1. “Hybrid power generation system” configured in a compact module (MC) and comprising a photovoltaic power generation module (1) and a wind power generation module (2), characterized in that the hybrid system (HS) integrates the photovoltaic power generation module (1) and the wind power generation module (2) with a primary thermoelectric power generation module (3) by means of capturing and absorbing solar energy; the primary thermoelectric power generation module (3) comprising at least one hot fluid reservoir (30) equipped with a thermally insulated hot hydraulic circuit (300), at least one cold fluid reservoir (31) equipped with a cold hydraulic circuit (310), and at least one heat dissipation module (32) equipped with a set of thermal cells (320) for capturing the temperature gradient generated by the respective hot (30) and cold (31) fluid reservoirs for generating electrical energy.
  2. 2. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 1, characterized in that the hybrid system (HS) integrates a secondary thermoelectric power generation module (4) by reusing the thermal energy of the primary thermoelectric power generation module (3); the secondary thermoelectric power generation module (4) comprises a steam circuit (40) equipped with at least one coil (41) for conducting a vaporized fluid to a steam turbine (42), said coil (41) being disposed inside the hot fluid reservoir (30).
  3. 3. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 1, characterized in that each hot fluid reservoir (30) captures solar energy through the upper opening for heating said fluid stored inside each hot fluid reservoir (30).
  4. 4. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 3, characterized in that each hot fluid reservoir (30) receives, at its upper opening, a convex lens (301).
  5. 5. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 3, characterized in that the convex lens (301) is a Fresnel lens.
  6. 6. “Hybrid energy generation system” according to claim 3, characterized in that each hot fluid reservoir (30) receives, inside, a conductive plate (302) for absorbing and dissipating solar energy captured by the upper opening of said hot fluid reservoir (30).
  7. 7. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 1, characterized in that the hybrid system (HS) comprises a temperature control system (5) for the fluid stored inside each hot fluid reservoir (30).
  8. 8. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 7, characterized in that the temperature control system (5) comprises a circulation pipe (50), at least one pump (51) and at least one temperature sensor (52).
  9. 9. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 8, characterized in that the circulation piping (50) of the temperature control system (5) is disposed next to the conductive plate (302).
  10. 10. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 1, characterized in that the hybrid system (HS) comprises a battery bank (6) and a management and operation system (7), said battery bank (6) being for storage and power supply to a management and operation system (7), which comprises a computer (71) for self-management of the operation of said hybrid system (HS).
  11. 11. “Hybrid power generation system” according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic power generation module (1) and the wind power generation module (2) are dedicated to powering the battery bank (6) that powers the computer (71) for self-management of the operation of said hybrid system (HS).
  12. 12. “Management and operation method of the hybrid power generation system” characterized by the management and operation method of the hybrid system (M) being integrated with a weather forecasting monitoring system and comprising a temperature control (TC) method for the fluid of at least one hot fluid reservoir (30), comprising a power generation control method (MGE1) for a primary thermoelectric power generation module (3) and comprising a power generation control method (MGE2) for a secondary thermoelectric power generation module (4).
  13. 13. “Management and operation method of the hybrid power generation system” according to claim 12, characterized in that the temperature control (TC) method of the fluid of at least one hot fluid reservoir (30) comprises the following steps: a) Monitoring the fluid temperature of each hot fluid reservoir (30); b) Monitoring the temperature of a conductive plate (302) disposed over each hot fluid reservoir (30); c) Comparing the temperatures of steps (a) and (b) by means of a programmable logic controller embedded in the hybrid system (HS); d) Turning on at least one circulation pump (51) of a temperature control system (5) when the temperature of step (b) is greater than the temperature of step (a); e) Turning off each circulation pump (51) when the temperature of step (a) is greater than 350 degrees Celsius; f) Repeating steps (a) to (e) throughout the operation of the hybrid power generation system (HS).
  14. 14. “Management and operation method of the hybrid power generation system” according to claim 12, characterized in that the power generation control method (MGE1) of a primary thermoelectric power generation module (3) comprises the following steps: I) Monitoring the fluid temperature of each hot fluid reservoir (30); II) Monitoring the fluid temperature of each cold fluid reservoir (31); III) Comparing the temperatures of steps (I) and (II) by means of a programmable logic controller embedded in the hybrid system (SH); IV) Activating the cold hydraulic circuit (310) when the thermal difference of step (III) is greater than 10 degrees Celsius; V) Releasing the passage of cold fluid through at least one heat dissipation module (32) equipped with a set of thermal cells (320) for capturing the temperature gradient for electrical power generation; VI) Activating the hot hydraulic circuit (300) when the thermal difference of step (III) is greater than 80 degrees Celsius; VII) Release the passage of the hot fluid through at least one heat dissipation module (32) equipped with a set of thermal cells (320) for capturing the temperature gradient for generating electrical energy; VIII) Execute the heating control method (MA) of the fluid in at least one hot fluid reservoir (30), when the temperature of step (I) is greater than 350 degrees Celsius; IX) Repeat steps (I) to (VIII) throughout the operation of the hybrid energy generation system (SH).
  15. 15. “Management and operation method of the hybrid power generation system” according to claim 12, characterized in that the power generation control method (MGE2) of a secondary thermoelectric power generation module (4) comprises the following steps: i) Monitor the fluid temperature of each hot fluid reservoir (30); ii) Activate the steam circuit (40) located inside the hot fluid reservoir (30) when the temperature of step (i) is greater than or equal to 250 degrees Celsius; iii) Monitor the pressure in the steam circuit (40); iii) Release the steam flow to a steam turbine (42) when the pressure is greater than 4 bar, for the generation of electrical energy; iii) Repeat steps (i) to (iii) throughout the operation of the hybrid power generation system (SH).
  16. 16. “Management and operation method of the hybrid power generation system” according to any one of claims 12 to 15 characterized in that the management and operation method of the hybrid system (M) is activated by means of timers, so as to manage and operate the hybrid system (SH) at certain pre-programmed times according to the user profile.

Description

FIELD OF APPLICATION 001 This patent application refers to a compact hybrid system for generating sustainable energy using renewable energy sources, more specifically, these energy sources are composed of photovoltaic energy, wind energy, thermoelectric energy through the Seebeck effect, and energy from a steam turbine. Furthermore, this patent refers to an intelligent method for managing and operating said hybrid energy generation system. 002 Advantageously, the hybrid power generation system is assembled in a compact module, such as a container, which can be transported and installed in remote locations or in locations with little available free space. Also advantageously, the intelligent management and operation method controls the system's energy storage and distribution, in order to obtain the greatest possible utilization of energy generation and use. 003 In addition, the hybrid power generation system also functions as a thermal battery, in order to extend the energy generation time through the Seebeck effect. STATE OF THE ART 004 Currently, in the world, the energy matrices are, through petroleum representing 31%, through coal representing 29%, through natural gas representing 21%, biomass representing 10%, nuclear 5%, hydroelectric 2% and 1% representing the other energy matrices. (RIBEIRO, Amarolina. "What is an energy matrix?"; Brasil Escola. Available at: https://brasilescola.uol.com.br/o-que-e/geografia/o-que-e-matriz-energetica.htm) 005 Oil, coal, and natural gas are fossil fuels and non-renewable resources, and in the future we will no longer have them, resulting in high costs due to their scarcity. Furthermore, when burned and released into the atmosphere, these resources contribute to the increase in greenhouse gases. 006 Other energy sources also present disadvantages, such as biomass, which requires large areas for cultivation and an extraction process for oils or gases. Some of these oils and/or gases, when burned and released into the atmosphere, also contribute to the greenhouse effect. Nuclear power plants cause great concern to society, as they cause enormous damage when accidents occur, and require physical structures for storing uranium that no longer generates energy but still emits radiation into the environment. 007 Hydroelectric power plants, on the other hand, require large flooded areas to dam water and generate electricity when this water passes through the turbines. Besides flooding regions and affecting fauna, flora, and some communities, hydroelectric plants depend on rainfall, which historically has changed year after year in terms of both volume and location, causing so-called blackouts in countries where hydroelectric power is predominant. 008 Regarding other energy sources, we have those that utilize solar energy, such as photovoltaic panels that use solar rays to generate electricity, and we also have those that utilize wind energy, which harnesses the force of the wind to rotate blades that in turn rotate turbines to generate electricity. The disadvantages of these sources are the high cost of materials, as well as the need for a large area to build power plants with these technologies. 009 Because these energy matrices are physically enormous, methods have been developed to generate energy in physically smaller environments; however, in order to generate a reasonable amount of energy, these methods need to combine more than one generating matrix in the same environment. 010 In this way, hybrid systems for sustainable energy generation are known in the state of the art, which use solar and wind energy to generate electricity. There are hybrid systems that, in addition to solar and wind energy, also benefit from the hydraulic energy of tides and ocean waves, or even river currents to generate electricity, thus expanding renewable energy sources. 011 These hybrid energy generation systems can be used both as primary sources and as secondary sources to complement the conventional electricity supply. When used as secondary sources, these systems are usually employed to reduce the costs charged by the utility companies that manage the countries' energy systems. When used as primary sources, they are systems developed to meet the demand of a specific community that does not receive energy distributed by these utility companies. 012 An example of the state of the art is the Brazilian document PI0903264-9, which discloses a hybrid and co-generating sustainable energy system equipped with a marine hydroelectric plant, a wind farm, and photovoltaic panels for generation from solar energy. The Brazilian document also reveals that said hybrid system, or part of it, is built in a container arranged vertically, and is also equipped with a seawater desalination module. 013 However, the Brazilian document PI0903264-9, disadvantageously, does not provide a considerable amount of energy, since this system also aims to reduce or eliminate salt from seawater, which in itself consumes a