BR-102025012241-A2 - Plenum Exhaust System and Methods for a Ventilation System

BR102025012241A2BR 102025012241 A2BR102025012241 A2BR 102025012241A2BR-102025012241-A2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for decoding a video signal based on adaptive multiple transforms (AMT), the method comprising the steps of: obtaining an AMT index from the video signal, wherein the AMT index indicates any one of a plurality of transform combinations in a transform configuration group, and the transform configuration group includes the discrete sine transform type 7 (DST7) and the discrete cosine transform type 8 (DCT8); deriving a transform combination corresponding to the AMT index, wherein the transform combination consists of a horizontal transform and a vertical transform, and includes at least one of the DST-7 or DCT-8, performing an inverse transform on a current block based on the transform combination, and restoring the video signal using the inversely transformed current block, wherein the AMT represents a transform scheme that is performed based on a transform combination adaptively selected from a plurality of transform combinations.

Inventors

BRIAN R. WORKMAN
TYLER J. OLSON

Assignees

Brian R. Workman
TYLER J. OLSON

Dates

Publication Date: 20260310
Application Date: 20250616
Priority Date: 20240702

Claims (19)

1. Ventilation system with a plenum exhaust system (300) for enhanced heating and cooling of a building characterized by comprising: an air source heat pump (ASHP), wherein the ASHP comprises: an ASHP coil, and a source/disperser fan; and the plenum exhaust system, comprising an open plenum exhaust system grille and an exhaust plenum, wherein the exhaust plenum is configured to collect an exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure, including waste air and/or heat from industrial processes from a plurality of sources within the building, and direct the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure to the open plenum exhaust system grille, the directed exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure exits the open plenum exhaust system grille to an external environment and combines with the ambient airflow outside the plenum exhaust system to create a mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow, the source/disperser fan is operable to direct the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow to pass through the ASHP coil, and the ASHP coil is operable to extract an additional amount of energy from the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow compared to the amount of energy extracted from an ambient airflow mixture alone.
2. Ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plenum exhaust system is composed of a durable material.
3. Ventilation system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the plenum exhaust system comprises heating coils configured to inject heat into the exhaust airflow of the building infrastructure.
4. Ventilation system, according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating coils use hot water, steam or electricity to produce heat.
5. Ventilation system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste heat is heat from a boiler, a data center server, computer equipment, an air compressor, a steam system, dryer exhaust, an oven, a stove, kitchen equipment, a household appliance, a generator or a turbine.
6. Method for enhanced heating and cooling of a building using a plenum exhaust system with a ventilation system characterized by comprising: directing an exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure, including waste air and/or heat from industrial processes from a plurality of sources within the building, to an exhaust plenum and towards an air source heat pump (ASHP), wherein the plenum exhaust system includes an open plenum exhaust system grille that allows the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure to exit the exhaust plenum to an external environment, and the open plenum exhaust system grille is positioned adjacent to the ASHP; mixing the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure with the ambient airflow in the external environment, outside the plenum exhaust system, to create an ambient and exhaust airflow mixture; passing the ambient and exhaust airflow mixture around an ASHP coil; and to extract, through the ASHP coil, an additional amount of energy from the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow compared to an amount of energy extracted solely from a mixture of ambient airflow.
7. Method according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising: the outlet of the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow through the top of a source/disperser fan.
8. Method according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising: injecting heat into the exhaust airflow of the building infrastructure using heating coils.
9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the heating coils use hot water, steam, or electricity to produce heat.
10. A ventilation system for a building characterized by comprising: an air-source heat pump, including a compressor, a condenser, a reversing valve, and an evaporator; and a plenum exhaust system configured to: collect exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure, including waste air and/or heat from industrial processes from a plurality of sources within the building, direct the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure through an open grille of the plenum exhaust system, and mix the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure with ambient airflow in an external environment, outside the plenum exhaust system, to provide a mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow to the evaporator or condenser of the air-source heat pump, wherein the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow provides an additional amount of energy to be extracted by the evaporator or condenser from the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow, compared to an amount of energy extracted only from an ambient airflow mixture, to improve the efficiency of the air-source heat pump.
11. Ventilation system according to claim 10, characterized by further comprising: ducts coupled at one end to a building infrastructure system that produces exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure and coupled at one end to the plenum exhaust system.
12. Ventilation system according to claim 10, characterized in that the plenum exhaust system includes galvanized steel or aluminum.
13. Ventilation system, according to claim 10, characterized in that the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure includes air passing through steam piping systems, electrical panels, household appliances, rooms with windows, or vehicle parking structures.
14. Ventilation system, according to claim 10, characterized by the plenum exhaust system comprising: an open plenum exhaust system grille to allow ambient airflow to mix with exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure to provide mixing of ambient and exhaust airflow.
15. Ventilation system, according to claim 10, characterized by the plenum exhaust system comprising: multiple duct connections, wherein one or more of the multiple duct connections are fitted with operable dampers or louvers to regulate the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure and to prevent backflow of exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure when the ventilation system is not in operation.
16. Ventilation system according to claim 10, characterized in that the plenum exhaust system comprises the open grille of the plenum exhaust system formed from a walkway adjacent to the air source heat pump.
17. A method for ventilating a building characterized by comprising: airflow entering an air source heat pump by means of source/disperser fans; passing the airflow over an evaporator or condenser with the source/disperser fans; collecting energy from the airflow by evaporating or condensing; converting the airflow into an exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure, including waste air and/or heat from industrial processes from a plurality of sources within the building; rejecting the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure from the evaporator or condenser; collecting the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure in an exhaust plenum of a plenum exhaust system; passing the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure through the exhaust plenum; removing the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure from the exhaust plenum through an open grille of the plenum exhaust system; rejecting the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure from the building; To mix the exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure with the ambient airflow in an external environment outside the plenum exhaust system, thus creating a mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow; and to direct the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow over the evaporator or condenser to restart the cycle of converting the evaporation or condensation airflow into exhaust airflow from the building infrastructure.
18. A method according to claim 17, characterized by the mixing of ambient and exhaust airflow providing an additional amount of energy for extraction by the evaporator or condenser of the ambient and exhaust airflow mixture, compared to an amount of energy extracted only from an ambient airflow mixture, to improve the efficiency of the air source heat pump.
19. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the mixture of ambient and exhaust airflow is recycled by the heat pump from the air source once.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED REQUEST [001] This application claims priority from U.S. Patent Application No. 18/762,157, filed July 2, 2024, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/660,233, filed June 14, 2024, the entire content of each being incorporated by reference. BACKGROUND [002] As electrification and carbon neutrality initiatives promote the use of clean energy (e.g., electricity generated by the sun, wind, water, and so on) for heating and cooling needs as an alternative to the use of fossil fuels, the need for energy efficiency solutions has increased for systems that are currently being implemented and that will be implemented in the future. Thermodynamic heating and cooling systems are used to condition clean and comfortable air in both commercial and residential buildings, and the current process has been known for quite some time. [003] For example, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 16 (a pressure-enthalpy refrigeration cycle of a conventional thermodynamic cooling system at an ambient airflow temperature of 35°C (95°F)), a conventional thermodynamic cooling system (e.g., air conditioning or refrigeration) and its associated pressure-enthalpy (PH) refrigeration cycle are shown, respectively. In some embodiments, the conventional thermodynamic cooling ventilation system 100 comprises a compression unit 102, a condensation unit 104, an evaporation unit 106, and a measuring device 108 (e.g., an expansion valve) that are in fluid communication for the purpose of circulating a fluid (e.g., refrigerant) that removes heat from the operating environment. When the heat pump operates as a conventional thermodynamic cooling ventilation system 100, the reversing valve 110 disposed between the compression unit 102 and the condensing unit 104 and between the compression unit 102 and the evaporating unit 106 is configured so that the fluid exiting a compressor outlet 112 of the compression unit 102 is channeled (e.g., through the reversing valve 110) to the condensing unit 104 and the fluid exiting the evaporating unit 106 is channeled (e.g., through the reversing valve 110) to the compressor inlet 114 of the compression unit 102. More specifically, when the fluid (e.g., refrigerant) is in a liquid state, the fluid (e.g., refrigerant) absorbs heat, changing from a liquid state to a gaseous or vapor state. When a fluid (e.g., refrigerant) is in a gas/vapor state, it releases heat as it changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state. [004] For a cooling operation, the fluid (e.g., refrigerant) enters the compression unit 102 (e.g., through a compressor inlet 114) as a low-pressure saturated gas/vapor (Point C). The compression unit 102 compresses the low-pressure saturated gas/vapor so that, upon exiting the compression unit (e.g., through the compressor outlet 112), the fluid (e.g., refrigerant) comprises a high-pressure saturated gas/vapor (Point D). The high-pressure saturated gas/vapor travels through the reversing valve 110, entering the condensing unit 104 (Point E). [005] In the condensation unit 104, the high-pressure saturated gas/vapor condenses, changing from a high-pressure saturated gas/vapor mixture to a high-pressure mixture with a liquid portion and a gas/vapor portion to a high-pressure saturated liquid. The condensation process (from Point E to Point F) releases heat to the environment (e.g., the external environment) 116. The saturated, high-pressure condensed liquid exiting the condensation unit 104 (Point F) then moves to the measuring device 108 (e.g., expansion valve) (Point G). [006] The measuring device 108 (e.g., expansion valve) restricts the fluid flow, reducing the pressure, transforming the condensed, saturated, high-pressure liquid into a low-pressure mixture with a liquid portion and a gas/vapor portion (Point A). The low-pressure mixture, containing a liquid portion and a gas/vapor portion, enters the evaporation unit 106 (Point A). The evaporation unit 106 (Point A) causes the low-pressure mixture, containing a liquid portion and a gas/vapor portion, to transition to a saturated low-pressure gas/vapor state (Point B). The transition (Point A to Point B) absorbs heat from the environment 118 (e.g., interior or internal). The heated low-pressure saturated gas/vapor travels to the compressor inlet 114 (Point C) of the compression unit 102, and the cooling cycle is repeated. [007] The pressure, temperature, and enthalpy values for a typical cooling cycle are shown in TABLE I. More specifically, with reference to TABLE I and FIG. B, between points A and B, a low-temperature, low-pressure fluid (e.g., a liquid and gas/vapor mixture) from the measuring device 108 enters the evaporation unit 106, causing an increase in enthalpy, which cools the environment (e.g., interior or internal) 118. Between points B and C, the low-temperature, low-pressure fluid (e.g., gas/vapor) becomes a saturated gas/vapor as it travels to the compression unit 102, causing slight incr