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BR-102025012403-A2 - PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING SAWN TIMBER FROM A TREE TRUNK

BR102025012403A2BR 102025012403 A2BR102025012403 A2BR 102025012403A2BR-102025012403-A2

Abstract

Process for producing sawn timber from a tree trunk (1), in which at least one processing surface (2) is produced on the tree trunk (1) by removing an area of bark and in which the tree trunk (1), with a feed motion, is moved in a feed direction (9) against at least two milling tools (5), which can each be advanced along a feed axis (8), wherein two decay areas (3) adjacent to the processing surface (2) are milled and at least one side board (4) is profiled and in which the side board (4) is separated from the tree trunk (1) by a saw cut. It is essential that the tree trunk (1) be moved from the transport position to a processing position during the feed movement and before the profiling of the side board, and that the tree trunk is moved around and/or along at least one adjustment axis that runs orthogonally to the feed direction (9) and thus, at least a major area of the tree trunk (1) is displaced transversely to the feed direction (9) in the direction of at least one of the milling tools (5).

Inventors

  • Robert Maier

Assignees

  • GEBRÜDER LINCK, MASCHINENFABRIK ''GATTERLINCK'' GMBH & CO. KG

Dates

Publication Date
20260310
Application Date
20250617
Priority Date
20240802

Claims (15)

  1. 1. Process for producing sawn timber from a tree trunk (1), in which at least one processing surface (2) is produced by removing an area of bark and in which the tree trunk (1) is moved with a feed motion to a feed direction (9) against at least two milling tools (5), which may be respectively advanced along a feed axis (8), wherein two decay areas (3) adjacent to the processing surface (2) are milled and at least one side board (4) is profiled and in which the side board (4) is separated from the tree trunk (1) by means of a saw cut, characterized in that the tree trunk (1) is taken from a transport position to a processing position during the feed motion and before the side board is profiled, in which the tree trunk is moved around and/or along at least one adjustment axis, which runs orthogonally to the feed direction (9) and thus, at least one main area of the tree trunk (1) is displaced transverse to the feed direction (9) in the direction of at least one of the milling tools (5).
  2. 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two tree trunks (1,1’) are moved consecutively in the feed direction and by means of at least one milling tool, respectively a side plank is profiled on the two tree trunks (1,1’), wherein during the profiling of the side plank of a first tree trunk (1’), the milling tool is advanced along its feed axis and before profiling the side plank of a second tree trunk (1), the second tree trunk is moved from the transport position to the processing position, wherein the tree trunk is moved around and/or along the adjustment axis, which runs orthogonally to the feed direction (9) and thus the main area of the second tree trunk (1) is displaced transversely to the feed direction (9) in the direction of the milling tool (5), wherein the milling tool is not preferably advanced, while the milling tool is in a gap in the wood between the first tree trunk (1’) and the second tree trunk (1).
  3. 3. Process according to at least claim 1, characterized in that at least two tree trunks (1,1’) are moved consecutively in the feed direction and by means of at least one milling tool, respectively a side plank is profiled on the two tree trunks (1,1’), wherein after profiling the side plank of a first tree trunk (1’), the milling tool is advanced along its feed axis and the second tree trunk (1) is brought to the processing position, wherein the tree trunk is moved around and/or along the adjustment axis, which runs orthogonally to the feed direction (9) and thus the main area of the second tree trunk (1) is displaced transversely to the feed direction (9) in the direction of the milling tool (5), in particular, in the opposite direction to the feed of the milling tool (5), wherein the milling tool is preferably advanced while the milling tool is in a gap in the wood between the first tree trunk (1’) and the second tree trunk (1).
  4. 4. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tree trunk (1) is brought to the processing position, in which it is rotated around an axis of rotation, which runs orthogonally to the feed direction (9) and at least one of the milling tools (5) is advanced along its respective feed axis (8), which runs orthogonally to the feed direction (9) of the tree trunk (1) and the axis of rotation.
  5. 5. Process, at least according to claim 4, characterized in that prior to profiling at least one side board (4) a cutting solution of the tree trunk (1) is determined, comprising at least one essentially straight stroke of the side board on the tree trunk (1), which, in particular, is oriented at an angle, with respect to an axis of the trunk and the tree trunk (1) is rotated around the axis of rotation in such a way that a nominal extension axis (6) of the side board (4) is oriented parallel to the feed direction (9) in the processing position of the tree trunk (1) and the side board (4) is profiled according to the cutting solution, moving the tree trunk in the processing position against at least one of the milling tools and the milling tool is fixed with respect to its feed axis during profiling of the side board (4).
  6. 6. Process, at least according to claim 4, characterized in that before profiling at least one side plank, a tree trunk cutting solution (1) is determined, comprising an essentially straight course of the side cut in the tree trunk (1), which is oriented, in particular, at an angle to an axis of the trunk and the tree trunk (1) is rotated around the axis of rotation, that a nominal extension axis (6) of the side plank (4) is oriented non-parallel to the feed direction (9) in the processing position.
  7. 7. Process, at least according to claim 6, characterized in that the side board (4) is profiled according to the cutting solution, wherein at least one of the milling tools (5) is advanced along its feed axis (8) during the profiling of the side board (4) or in which the side board (4) is profiled deviating from the cutting solution, wherein at least one of the milling tools (5) is fixed in relation to its feed axis during the profiling of the side board (4).
  8. 8. Process, at least according to claim 4, characterized in that the milling tools (5) are respectively designed as rotating milling heads, whose axes of rotation include respectively an acute angle with a plane, which is oriented orthogonally to the feed direction which, in particular, can be fixed in a fixed manner.
  9. 9. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the tree trunk (1), by removing two bark areas, two processing areas (2) are produced, which are facing in opposite directions, and the tree trunk (1) is moved in a feed direction (9) against at least four milling tools (5, 5’), and in this case, four decay areas (3) adjacent to the processing areas are milled, in which two side planks are profiled on the tree trunk (1) and in which two side planks (4, 4’) are separated from the tree trunk by means of two saw cuts, the tree trunk (1) being moved from the processing position to the processing position during the feed movement and before the side planks (4, 4’) are profiled, moving the tree trunk (1) around and/or along the adjustment axis, and thus, at least one main area of the tree trunk (1) is displaced transversely to the feed direction. (9) in the direction of at least two of the milling tools (5, 5’).
  10. 10. Process according to claim 9, characterized in that before profiling the longitudinal sides of the sideboards (4, 4’), a cutting solution of the tree trunk (1) is determined, comprising two essentially straight and non-parallel side cutting courses along respectively a nominal longitudinal extension axis (6, 6’) and the tree trunk (1) is rotated in such a way around an axis of rotation, which runs orthogonally to the feed direction, that in the processing position the nominal extension axes (6, 6’) of the sideboards define an angular strip, which includes the feed direction (9), wherein, in particular, the feed direction (9) is oriented parallel to a bisector of the angle between the nominal extension axes (6, 6’).
  11. 11. A process at least according to claim 10, characterized in that the tree trunk (1) is processed according to the cutting solution and the side boards (4, 4’) are produced according to the nominal extension axes, wherein at least two milling tools, which serve to profile different side boards (4, 4’), are advanced along their respective feed axes (8) during the milling of the tree trunk; or the tree trunk (1) is processed by means of milling tools (5, 5’) deviating from the cutting solution, wherein at least two milling tools, which serve to profile different side boards (4, 4’), are fixed along their respective feed axes during the feed movement of the tree trunk (1) and the side boards (4, 4’) are each produced with a real longitudinal extension axis, which has an angular deviation from the respective nominal longitudinal extension axes, the angular deviation corresponding, in particular, at half the angle between the nominal longitudinal extension axes (6, 6’) of the sideboards (4, 4’).
  12. 12. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tree trunk (1) is at least partially adjusted, wherein it is displaced along a translation axis, which runs orthogonally to the direction of advance and, in particular, orthogonally to the axis of rotation, wherein, in particular, before profiling at least one side board (4), a tree trunk cutting solution is determined, comprising a side cutting stroke in the tree trunk (1), wherein a nominal extension axis (6) of the side board (4) runs essentially parallel to a trunk axis (7) and the tree trunk is brought to the processing position, wherein the tree trunk with its nominal longitudinal extension axis is displaced along the translation axis relative to a main tree trunk (1’).
  13. 13. Process at least according to claim 1, characterized in that the tree trunk (1) is moved in the forward direction by means of a plurality of pairs of conveyor rollers, of which at least two pairs of conveyor rollers are spaced apart from each other along the forward direction and the tree trunk is brought to the processing position, wherein at least one of the pairs of conveyor rollers relative to the respective other pair of conveyor rollers and/or the at least two pairs of conveyor rollers are moved together transversely to the forward direction.
  14. 14. Process for producing sawn timber from a tree trunk (1), in particular, at least according to claim 1, in which at least one processing surface (2) is produced on the tree trunk (1) by removing an area of bark and in which the tree trunk (1) is moved against at least two milling tools (5) during a feed motion (9), each of which can be advanced along a feed axis (8), whereby two decay areas (3) adjacent to the processing surface (2) are milled and at least one side plank (4) is profiled and in which the side plank (4) is separated from the tree trunk (1) by a saw cut, characterized in that before profiling the at least one side plank, a cutting solution of the tree trunk (1) is determined, comprising a side cutting stroke on the tree trunk (1) and the tree trunk (1) is moved in a first processing position against the milling tools and during profiling the side plank (4) this is taken from the first processing position to a second processing position, in which the tree trunk (1) is rotated around an axis of rotation, which runs orthogonally to the feed direction and the side board (4) is profiled according to the cutting solution, in which two milling tools (5) are advanced along their feed axes (8) during the profiling of the side board.
  15. 15. Device for producing sawn timber from a tree trunk (1), in particular, by means of a process according to any one of claims 1 to 14, with a separation device, which is designed to separate bark from a tree trunk (1) and produce at least one processing surface (2), as well as with a transport means, which is designed to move the tree trunk (1) in a forward motion along a forward direction (9), as well as with at least two milling tools (5), which are arranged in such a way that the tree trunk (1) is moved during the forward motion against the milling tools (1) and two decay areas adjacent to the processing surface are milled and thus the longitudinal sides of a sideboard (4) are profiled, as well as with a sawing means designed to separate the sideboard (4) from the tree trunk (1), characterized in that the transport means is designed to adjust the tree trunk (1) around and/or along by With one less adjustment axis, which runs orthogonally to the direction of travel, at least one major area of the tree trunk can be displaced transversely to the direction of travel.

Description

Description [0001] The invention relates to a process as well as a device for producing sawn timber from a tree trunk. [0002] In industrial wood processing, tree trunks are processed, among other things, to form planks. Here it is typical that different cross-sectional areas of such a tree trunk serve to obtain different types of planks. Thus, for example, the inner cross-sectional areas are used to obtain the so-called main timber, while the outer cross-sectional areas serve to obtain the so-called side cut. The main timber may comprise one or more main material planks and the side cut may correspondingly comprise one or more side planks. [0003] To produce a side cut, at least one side plank is typically directly profiled onto the tree trunk. To this end, an area of the tree trunk bark is initially removed, thus producing at least one processing surface that extends along the axis of the trunk. Such a processing surface typically defines the wide side of a side plank. The tree trunk is then moved in a forward direction against at least two milling tools, where two decay areas are milled, which are adjacent to the processing surface and define two narrow sides of the side plank. Through a saw cut, the side plank is then separated from the tree trunk. [0004] The processing described above most often occurs sequentially based on several tree trunks, which are moved in the feed direction against the milling tools and, in this case, have a distance from each other, which is designated as the wood clearance. To obtain the highest possible productivity, it is generally desirable to minimize the wood clearance between two tree trunks. However, there is a challenge here due to the fact that the processed tree trunks and the side cut to be profiled can differ greatly from each other in their geometries and dimensions. This leads to the milling tools having to travel, under certain circumstances, long distances before processing a tree trunk, in order to profile the side cut of the respective tree trunk in the desired manner. The feed typically occurs within the wood clearance, so until now it has not been possible to reduce it arbitrarily. [0005] To obtain the highest possible wood yield, it may also be necessary that the side cut not be profiled parallel to the axis of the tree trunk. One possibility to achieve this is that such a tree trunk is moved along its trunk axis against the milling tools, and these are extended along their respective feed axes during milling. Thus, the side cut profile can be produced with the desired non-parallel path relative to the tree trunk axis. Depending on the degree of angularity between the side cut and the trunk axis, the milling tools may also optionally have to travel long distances during milling. Similarly, this has a negative effect on the desired reduction of wood clearance, since the milling tools may again optionally have to be moved in the opposite direction to process a subsequent tree trunk and, in this case, must similarly travel long distances. [0006] The invention aims to propose at least one process as well as one device by which efficiency during the processing of tree trunks can be increased by reducing wood waste. [0007] The task is solved by means of two processes according to claims 1 and 14 as well as by a device according to claim 15. Advantageous developments are respectively the objectives of dependent subclaims. [0008] The process according to the invention serves to produce sawn timber from a tree trunk, in which at least one processing surface is produced on the tree trunk in a conventional manner by removing an area of bark. The tree trunk is moved in a feed direction against at least two milling tools, and two cutting areas adjacent to the processing surface are milled, thus profiling at least one side plank. The milling tools can be advanced here respectively along a feed axis. By means of a saw cut, the side plank is then separated from the tree trunk. [0009] It is essential for the process according to the invention that the tree trunk be adjusted from a transport position to a processing position during the feed movement and before the side board is profiled. To this end, the tree trunk is moved around and/or along an adjustment axis that runs orthogonally to the feed direction. Thus, at least a major area of the tree trunk is displaced transversely to the feed direction in the direction of at least one of the milling tools. [0010] The invention is based on the knowledge that the gap between two tree trunks to be processed can be significantly reduced by moving the tree trunk, even before the side plank is profiled, into a position that allows reducing the feed stroke of at least one, preferably two, milling tools. According to the invention, the tree trunk is moved in such a way that the main area of the tree trunk is moved towards the milling tool, so that the tool only has to travel a short distance, or preferably no distance at all, before it