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BR-122026003175-A2 - CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE

BR122026003175A2BR 122026003175 A2BR122026003175 A2BR 122026003175A2BR-122026003175-A2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for removing CO2 from a dilute gas mixture comprising a structure having a plurality of structural elements; at least one packing section having one or more packing sheets, one or more packing sheets including a plurality of macrostructures; one or more basins positioned at least partially below the at least one packing section, one or more basins being configured to contain a CO2 capture solution; at least one fan positioned to circulate a CO2-laden gas through the at least one packing section; and a liquid dispensing system configured to flow the CO2 capture solution over the at least one packing section.

Inventors

  • DOUGLAS EDWARD OLMSTEAD
  • MEGAN LYNN O'BRIEN
  • TERESA JULIET PENA BASTIDAS
  • TODD ERNEST WILKE

Assignees

  • CARBON ENGINEERING LTD.

Dates

Publication Date
20260317
Application Date
20211207
Priority Date
20201207

Claims (19)

  1. 1. A method of operating a system for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2), characterized in that it comprises: flowing a dilute gas mixture comprising CO2 into one or more packing sections of a gas-liquid contactor; flowing a capture solution along one or more packing sections of the gas-liquid contactor, to one or more packing sections comprising at least one packing sheet; reacting the dilute gas mixture with the capture solution in order to produce a CO2-poor gas; and operating a fan to discharge the CO2-poor gas from the gas-liquid contactor.
  2. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one packaging sheet comprises a hydrophilic coating covering at least a portion of at least one packaging sheet.
  3. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrophilic coating comprises at least one acrylic coating.
  4. 4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one acrylic coating comprises at least one of: an acrylic urethane hybrid copolymer or a self-crosslinking acrylic copolymer emulsion.
  5. 5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that at least one acrylic coating comprises: a first acrylic layer comprising the urethane acrylic hybrid copolymer or the self-crosslinking acrylic copolymer emulsion; and a second acrylic layer comprising the urethane acrylic hybrid copolymer mixed with the self-crosslinking acrylic copolymer emulsion.
  6. 6. Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the urethane acrylic hybrid copolymer mixes with the self-crosslinking acrylic copolymer emulsion in one of the following ratios: 20/80, 80/20, or 50/50.
  7. 7. Method, according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the hydrophilic coating comprises a cellulose layer and a bonding layer comprising at least one of EVA or PVC glue.
  8. 8. A method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the hydrophilic coating comprises an incrustation layer.
  9. 9. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one packing sheet comprises a plurality of macrostructures.
  10. 10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the plurality of macrostructures comprises at least one macrostructure among: undulations, grooves, herringbone pattern, or channels.
  11. 11. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one packaging sheet comprises a plurality of microstructures.
  12. 12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the plurality of microstructures comprises at least one of: perforations, ridges, concavities, pores, notches, granules, or fibers.
  13. 13. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the crests comprise a plurality of cross-flow crests.
  14. 14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the step of flowing the diluted gas mixture comprising CO2 to one or more packing sections of the gas-liquid contactor comprises traversing the diluted gas mixture to an intake manifold positioned below one or more packing sections.
  15. 15. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the step of flowing the diluted gas mixture comprising CO2 to one or more packing sections of the gas-liquid contactor comprises circulating the diluted gas mixture through one or more packing sections in a mean gas flow direction parallel to a mean liquid flow direction of the capture solution.
  16. 16. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the step of flowing the capture solution along one or more packing sections of the gas-liquid contactor comprises flowing the capture solution at a liquid loading rate ranging from 0 L/m²s to 10 L/m²s.
  17. 17. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that at least one packing sheet comprises a plurality of soluble solids.
  18. 18. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the plurality of soluble solids comprises at least one of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or potassium carbonate (K2CO3).
  19. 19. Method, according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the capture solution comprises a caustic solution.

Description

FIELD OF TECHNIQUE [0001] The present invention relates to systems, apparatus, and methods for capturing carbon dioxide. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere is a way to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and slow climate change. However, many technologies designed to capture CO2 from point sources, such as flue gas from industrial plants, are generally ineffective at capturing CO2 from the atmosphere due to the significantly lower CO2 concentrations and the large volumes of air required for processing. In recent times, progress has been made in discovering technologies better suited to capturing CO2 directly from the atmosphere. Some of these direct air capture (DAC) systems use a solid adsorbent to which an active agent is attached. These DAC capture systems typically employ a cyclic desorption-adsorption process in which, after the solid adsorbent is saturated with CO2, it releases the CO2 using a moisture or thermal balance and is regenerated. Although solid adsorbent DAC capture systems can have a high cyclic yield, large-scale deployment is challenging due to the maintenance requirements inherent in a batch process. [0003] Other DAC capture systems use a liquid adsorbent (sometimes referred to as a solvent) to capture CO2 from the atmosphere. An example of such a gas-liquid contactor system would be one based on cooling tower designs in which a fan is used to drag air through a high surface area of packing that is moistened with a solution comprising liquid adsorbent. The CO2 in the air reacts with the liquid adsorbent. The rich solution is further processed downstream to regenerate a poor solution and release a stream of concentrated CO2. DAC capture systems that are designed based on cooling towers are advantageous in part because they employ some commercially available equipment, as well as existing supply chains and related infrastructure, and can operate more effectively in certain environments than in others. It is desirable that DAC capture systems be simply sustainable and operationally flexible. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] In one example implementation, a system for removing CO2 from a dilute gas mixture includes a structure comprising a plurality of structural elements; at least one packing section including one or more packing sheets, to one or more packing sheets including a plurality of macrostructures; one or more basins positioned at least partially below the at least one packing section, to one or more basins being configured to contain a CO2 capture solution; at least one fan positioned to circulate a CO2-laden gas through the at least one packing section; and a liquid distribution system configured to flow the CO2 capture solution over the at least one packing section. [0005] In an aspect combinable with exemplary implementation, at least one packing section and a fan are configured to flow the CO2-laden gas through at least one packing section in a cross-flow configuration with respect to the CO2 capture solution. [0006] In another aspect combinable with any of the preceding aspects, at least one packing section and a fan are configured to flow the CO2-laden gas through at least one packing section in a counter-flow configuration with respect to CO2 capture. [0007] In another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects, the CO2 capture solution includes KOH. [0008] In another aspect combinable with any of the preceding aspects, the liquid distribution system includes one or more upper basins positioned at or near a top of the structure; one or more redistribution systems positioned below one or more upper basins and within at least one packing section; and one or more lower basins positioned at or near a bottom of the structure. [0009] In another aspect combinable with any of the preceding aspects, one or more packing sheets includes a first set of graduated channels at a first angle and a second set of graduated channels at a second angle that is larger than the first angle. [0010] In another aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the first angle is 15 degrees and the second angle is 45 degrees or less. [0011] In another aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the flow of the CO2 capture solution from at least one of one or more basins in at least one packaging section includes a film flow regime. [0012] In another aspect combinable with any of the preceding aspects, one or more packaging sheets include a hydrophilic surface coating. [0013] In another aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, the hydrophilic surface coating includes a cellulose coating. [0014] In another aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, a cellulose coating includes a layer of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and a layer of cellulose. [0015] In another aspect combinable with any of the previous aspects, a cellulose coating is applied to one or more layers of hydrophilic packaging material with a cal