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CN-111711314-B - Nutation braking system and method

CN111711314BCN 111711314 BCN111711314 BCN 111711314BCN-111711314-B

Abstract

A braking system is disclosed that includes a rotor rigidly connected to a shaft configured to rotate about a central axis. The rotor has a first side opposite a second side, and the braking system includes a first stator structure on the first side of the rotor and a second stator structure on the second side of the rotor. The braking system further includes a first wobble plate between the first side of the rotor and the first stator structure, and a second wobble plate between the second side of the rotor and the second stator structure. Each of the first wobble plate and the second wobble plate are configured to nutate when the first stator structure and the second stator structure reduce a rotation rate compared to a rotation rate of the rotor.

Inventors

  • RJ Amur
  • T. A. Rogers

Assignees

  • 波音公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20200309
Priority Date
20190318

Claims (20)

  1. 1. A brake system (100, 200) comprising: A shaft (104, 204) configured to rotate about a central axis (36), A rotor (22, 122, 222), the rotor (22, 122, 222) being rotationally connected to the shaft (104, 204), the rotor having a first side (38) opposite a second side (39), A first stator structure (30, 130, 230) on the first side of the rotor and a second stator structure (32, 132, 232) on the second side of the rotor, A friction braking mechanism configured to slow rotation of the first stator structure and the second stator structure, an A first wobble plate (26, 126, 226) located between and engaged with the first side of the rotor and the first stator structure, and a second wobble plate (28, 128, 228) located between and engaged with the second side of the rotor and the second stator structure, wherein: the first stator structure is rigidly connected to the second stator structure, and Each of the first wobble plate and the second wobble plate is configured to nutate when a rotational rate of the first stator structure and the second stator structure is reduced by the friction braking mechanism.
  2. 2. The braking system (100, 200) of claim 1, wherein the first stator structure (30, 130, 230) is rigidly connected to the second stator structure (32, 132, 232) by a hollow cylindrical sleeve (34, 134, 234).
  3. 3. The braking system (100, 200) of claim 2, wherein the friction braking mechanism comprises: A brake shoe (206) configured to frictionally engage an inner surface (44, 244) of the hollow cylindrical sleeve (34, 134, 234) to slow rotation of the first and second stator structures (30, 130, 230, 32, 132, 232) and induce nutation of the first and second wobble plates (26, 126, 226, 28, 128, 228).
  4. 4. The braking system (100, 200) of claim 1, wherein the friction braking mechanism comprises: a brake pad (108, 109) configured to simultaneously frictionally engage the first stator structure (30, 130, 230) and the second stator structure (32, 132, 232) to induce nutation of the first wobble plate (26, 126, 226) and the second wobble plate (28, 128, 228).
  5. 5. The braking system (100, 200) of claim 1, wherein the axle (104, 204) is an axle connected to a wheel (102, 202) on a vehicle.
  6. 6. The braking system (100, 200) of claim 5, wherein the wheels are configured for landing and takeoff of an aircraft.
  7. 7. The braking system (100, 200) of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein each of the first stator structure (30, 130, 230) and the second stator structure (32, 132, 232) has a shoulder (35), the first wobble plate (26, 126, 226) being axially aligned by contact with the shoulder of the first stator structure (30, 130, 230) and the second wobble plate (28, 128, 228) being axially aligned by contact with the shoulder of the second stator structure (32, 132, 232).
  8. 8. The braking system (100, 200) of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein a force parallel to the central axis (36) generated by nutation of the first wobble plate (26, 126, 226) is balanced by a force generated by nutation of the second wobble plate (28, 128, 228).
  9. 9. The braking system (100, 200) of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the rotor (22, 122, 222), the first and second wobble plates (26, 126, 226), 28, 128, 228) and the first and second stator structures (30, 130, 230, 32, 132, 232) move without support from bearings.
  10. 10. The braking system (100, 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: each of the first swing plate (26, 126, 226) and the second swing plate (28, 128, 228) has an inner side (58) and an outer side (60), each of the first swing plate (26, 126, 226) and the second swing plate (28, 128, 228) has teeth (62) on the inner side and teeth (64) on the outer side, and the teeth on the inner side are larger than the teeth on the outer side.
  11. 11. A braking system, comprising: A first stator gear; a second stator gear rigidly connected to the first stator gear; a rotor gear disposed between the first stator gear and the second stator gear; a first swing gear that engages the first stator gear and the rotor gear; A second swing gear engaging the second stator gear and the rotor gear, and A friction braking mechanism configured to slow rotation of the first stator gear and the second stator gear, Wherein: Rotation of the rotor gear rotates the first swing gear, the second swing gear, the first stator gear, and the second stator gear; slowing the first and second stator gears relative to the rotor gear induces nutation of the first and second wobble gears, an Nutation of the first and second wobble gears slows down the rotor gear.
  12. 12. The braking system of claim 11, wherein a periphery of the rotor gear is rigidly connected to an axle.
  13. 13. The braking system of claim 11, wherein the first stator gear, the second stator gear, the rotor gear, the first swing gear, and the second swing gear are annular.
  14. 14. The braking system of claim 11, wherein: the rotor gear has an axis of rotation, The first swing gear has a first swing axis, The second swing gear has a second swing axis, and Each of the first swing axis and the second swing axis is inclined with respect to the rotation axis.
  15. 15. A method of dissipating rotational energy in a braking system (100, 200), the method comprising the steps of: Providing a drive shaft (104, 204) connected to the rotor (22, 122, 222) and a pair of wobble plates (26, 28, 126, 128, 226, 228) engaging opposite sides (38, 39) of the rotor, each wobble plate having an outer side (60) engaging the stator structure (30, 32, 130, 132, 230, 232), Rotating the drive shaft at a rotational speed, a rotor connected to the drive shaft, a pair of wobble plates, each of the pair of wobble plates engaging a respective side of the rotor, and a pair of stator structures, each of the pair of stator structures engaging an outer side of a respective wobble plate of the pair of wobble plates, and Nutation of the pair of wobble plates is induced by slowing the rotational speed of the pair of stator structures using a friction braking mechanism.
  16. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the drive shaft (104, 204) is connected to a wheel (102, 202) of an aircraft.
  17. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein: each of the pair of stator structures (30, 32, 130, 132, 230, 232) has an outer side (42, 142), and The step of inducing nutation of the pair of wobble plates includes frictionally engaging respective brake pads (108, 109) with an outer side of a respective one of the pair of stator structures.
  18. 18. The method of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein: each stator structure of the pair of stator structures (30, 32, 130, 132, 230, 232) is interconnected by a hollow cylinder (34, 134, 234), and The step of inducing nutation of the pair of wobble plates includes frictionally engaging a brake shoe (206) with an inner surface (44, 204) of the hollow cylinder.
  19. 19. The method of any of claims 15 to 17, wherein the step of inducing nutation of the pair of wobble plates comprises balancing an axial force from one wobble plate (26, 126, 226) of the pair of wobble plates with an axial force from the other wobble plate (28, 128, 228) of the pair of wobble plates.
  20. 20. The method of any of claims 15 to 17, further comprising slowing the drive shaft by slowing the rotor (22, 122, 222) with the pair of wobble plates (26, 28, 126, 128, 226, 228), wherein each of the pair of wobble plates is nutating.

Description

Nutation braking system and method Technical Field The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for braking. More particularly, the disclosed examples relate to using nutating gear mechanisms to dissipate rotational energy to slow a rotating object. Background Braking systems are essential for many machines. Friction brakes, such as disc brakes or drum brakes, are commonly used. Friction brakes, as their name suggests, utilize friction to slow rotational movement. A caliper, lever arm or other mechanism forces the pad or shoe into frictional contact with the rotating rotor or drum, thereby converting the rotational kinetic energy into thermal energy. Pads and hooves are often short-lived components that may need to be replaced periodically due to thermal or wear damage. Aircraft require high performance of the braking system, which generates significant heat levels. Reducing the heat output may mean improving safety and extending the useful life of the component. Multiple redundant braking systems may be used to improve aircraft safety. However, space and weight are important in aircraft design. Thus, a lighter and more compact brake system is highly desirable. The present disclosure also relates to nutating gear mechanisms of the type commonly referred to as wobble plate mechanisms. Historically, wobble plate mechanisms appear to be a promising approach to achieving high torque densities. In a wobble plate mechanism, a gear, such as a rotor gear, nutates around another gear, such as a stator gear. Surprisingly, as will be appreciated in more detail below, the wobble plate mechanism may also provide a way to achieve a compact brake. Disclosure of Invention The present disclosure provides systems, devices, and methods related to braking systems. In some examples, the braking system may include a rotor rotatably connected to a shaft configured to rotate about a central axis. The rotor may have a first side opposite a second side, and the braking system may include a first stator structure on the first side of the rotor and a second stator structure on the second side of the rotor. The braking system may further include a first wobble plate between the first side of the rotor and the first stator structure, and a second wobble plate between the second side of the rotor and the second stator structure. Each of the first wobble plate and the second wobble plate may be configured to nutate when the first stator structure and the second stator structure reduce a rotation rate compared to a rotation rate of the rotor. In some examples, the braking system may include a first stator gear and a second stator gear rigidly connected to the first stator gear. The rotor gear may be disposed between the first stator gear and the second stator gear. The first swing gear may engage the first stator gear and the rotor gear, and the second swing gear may engage the second stator gear and the rotor gear. Rotation of the rotor gear may cause the first wobble gear, the second wobble gear, the first stator gear, and the second stator gear to rotate. Reducing the first and second stator gears relative to the rotor gear may induce nutation of the first and second wobble gears, and nutation of the first and second wobble gears may slow the rotor. In some examples, a method of dissipating rotational energy in a braking system may include providing a drive shaft connected to a rotor and a pair of wobble plates engaging opposite sides of the rotor, each wobble plate having an outer side engaging a stator structure. The method may further include rotating the drive shaft, the rotor, the pair of wobble plates, and the stator structure at the same rotational speed, and inducing nutation of the pair of wobble plates by slowing the rotational speed of the stator structure. The features, functions, and advantages can be achieved independently in various examples of the present disclosure or may be combined in yet other examples, further details of which can be seen with reference to the following description and drawings. Drawings Fig. 1 is an isometric exploded view of an illustrative brake module according to aspects of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is an isometric side view of the brake module of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the brake module of fig. 2 taken along line 3-3. FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a wheel including an exemplary disc brake system described herein in an unbraked mode. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the wheel of fig. 4 in a braking mode. FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a wheel including an exemplary hybrid disc and drum brake system described herein in a non-braking mode. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the wheel of fig. 6 in a braking mode. Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing steps of an illustrative method for dissipating rotational energy in accordance with the present teachings. Detailed Description Various aspects and examples of a braking system including a dual nutating gear, and rela