CN-113749826-B - 3D printed degradable chest rib implant

CN113749826BCN 113749826 BCN113749826 BCN 113749826BCN-113749826-B

Abstract

A3D printed degradable chest rib implant comprises a main body and a fixing port arranged on the main body, wherein the radian of the main body is consistent with the radian of a rib defect, the main body is of a multi-layer structure, an inner layer is of a mechanical support-bone fusion structure so as to provide a space for maintaining the shape of a chest structure, the initial strength required by respiratory expansion and the growth of new bone tissues, an outer layer is of a porous structure so as to facilitate the growth and later biological fusion fixation of surrounding soft tissues, the fixing port on the main body is fixedly arranged at the joint of the corresponding chest rib, the degradable chest rib implant functions are programmed through the regulation and control of degradable material components and macro-micro structures, dynamic matching and transformation of mechanical stability and tissue regeneration are realized, and along with the degradation of the degradable chest rib implant materials, the self tissues gradually grow into and completely replace the degradable chest rib implant, so that the degradable chest rib implant can adapt to the repairing requirements of congenital chest rib defects of children.

Inventors

HE JIANKANG
MENG ZIJIE
LI DICHEN
YANG SHANGYUAN

Assignees

西安交通大学
西安交通大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260421
Application Date: 20210825
Priority Date: 20210825

Claims (4)

1. The 3D printed degradable chest rib implant is characterized by comprising a main body and a fixed port arranged on the main body, wherein the radian of the main body is consistent with the radian of a rib defect, the main body is of a multi-layer structure, an inner layer is of a mechanical support-bone fusion structure so as to provide a space for maintaining the shape of a chest structure, the initial strength required by respiratory expansion and the growth of new bone tissue, an outer layer is of a porous structure so as to facilitate the growth and fixation of surrounding soft tissue in a later biological fusion mode, the fixed port on the main body is fixedly arranged at the joint of the main body and the corresponding chest rib, the degradable chest rib implant adopts materials with different degradation rates to manufacture different structures, the materials with the relatively high degradation rates are embedded in the materials with relatively low degradation rates, a hole structure is spontaneously formed, dynamic matching and conversion of mechanical stability and tissue regeneration are realized by regulating and controlling the components and the macro-micro structure of the degradable chest rib implant, and the self tissue gradually grows into and completely replaces the degradable chest implant with the degradation of the degradable chest rib implant; the degradable chest rib implant main body inner layer mechanical support-bone fusion structure and the outer layer porous structure are combined in practical application; The degradable chest rib implant is fixed by adopting a fixing mode that U-shaped clamps are clamped at two sides of a rib corresponding to a defect part, and sleeves or flash structures; The main body inner layer mechanical support-bone fusion structure of the degradable chest rib implant is wrapped by a solid thin layer, the cross section of the mechanical support-bone fusion structure is in a scaled rib cross section outline circular, oval or I-shaped shape, the cross section area accounts for 30% -100% of the cross section area of the main body of the implant, the main body does not contain 100%, the main body is provided with micropores supporting bone tissue growth before or during implantation, and the pore size is 100 mu m-2 mm; The degradable chest rib implant is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology, and the biocompatibility, the osteoinductive capacity and the osseointegration capacity of the implant are improved by coating or doping gelatin, collagen or growth factors on the surface; The main body shape of the degradable chest rib implant is obtained by extracting medical image data of a patient, mirroring contralateral healthy ribs or extracting characteristic contours from normal ribs, and the thickness of the main body shape can be adjusted to 100% -200% of the healthy ribs.
2. The 3D printed degradable chest rib implant of claim 1, wherein the porous structure of the outer layer of the degradable chest rib implant body is one or more of a through hole, a micro-rod-based lattice structure and a very small curved surface-based porous structure, and the gradient structure of the variable pores is 500 mu m-2 mm.
3. The 3D-printed degradable chest rib implant of claim 1, wherein the degradable chest rib implant is made of a medical degradable polymer material, a degradable ceramic material or an osteoinductive material, and comprises one or more of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolide (PGA), polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers thereof, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA) and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ).
4. The 3D printed degradable chest rib implant of claim 1, wherein the total length of the degradable chest rib implant is 30-100 mm, the main body length is 20% -80% of the total length, and the fixed port length is 80% -20% of the total length.

Description

3D printed degradable chest rib implant Technical Field The invention relates to the technical fields of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and medical appliances, in particular to a 3D printed degradable chest rib implant. Background Rib loss is a congenital chest wall deformity that manifests as partial or complete loss of one or more ribs. The rib is a main structure of the thorax and participates in various physiological functions of the thorax, and rib deficiency can affect the integrity of the thorax, and serious harm is brought to the shape, respiratory function and aesthetic appearance of the human spine, so that scoliosis, abnormal respiration and thoracic deformity are caused, and even the life of a patient is endangered when serious. Clinically, there are many reconstruction methods for chest ribs, such as autologous/allogeneic bone grafting and repairing by using materials such as steel plates and titanium mesh, but bone tissue grafting is limited by the quality of donor bones, and for large-area chest rib repairing, donor sources are limited, and in addition, good blood transport is a precondition of survival of transplanted bones, and the transplanted bones must have enough fixation to eliminate relative movement so as to support the growth of new blood vessels. Metallic materials such as steel plates, titanium plates and the like are unfavorable for shaping and cutting, the anastomosis with patients completely depends on the hand feeling and experience of doctors, and the metallic materials are difficult to fix and easy to loosen. At present, the 3D printing technology and the titanium alloy material are utilized at home and abroad to realize the manufacture of personalized chest ribs, and the repair of the chest wall structure is successfully completed. But the strength of the metal prosthesis is far greater than that of an autologous bone, the function of the chest can not be completely realized, the chest distress and dyspnea symptoms appear in a postoperative patient, and in addition, the metal material also causes trouble to postoperative imaging detection. In recent years, the PEEK (polyether ether ketone) material is used for manufacturing the rib prosthesis, the PEEK material has a modulus strength close to that of bone tissue and good tissue compatibility, in addition, the PEEK material has good penetrability to PEEK, X-ray detection is not affected after the rib prosthesis is rebuilt, and the PEEK prosthesis structure is subjected to personalized design and 3D printing, so that the rib prosthesis structure is matched with the shape and mechanical properties of natural ribs and rib cartilages, and the rib prosthesis structure is beneficial to recovering respiratory functions of the rib cage. However, neither non-degradable metals nor PEKK materials can be used to meet the reconstruction needs of congenital chest rib defects in children. Compared with an adult, the chest rib of the child is still in a stage of gradual growth and expansion, and the metal or PEEK prosthesis with a fixed form, which is used for maintaining the shape of the chest, in the early stage becomes a new obstruction in the growth process of the child, so that the development and growth of the chest of the child and important functional organs such as heart and lung in the chest of the child are seriously affected. Thus, there is a need for a chest rib implant for a child's congenital chest rib defect. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a 3D printed degradable chest rib implant which can adapt to the repair requirement of congenital chest rib defects of children. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: A3D printed degradable chest rib implant comprises a main body and a fixing port arranged on the main body, wherein the radian of the main body is consistent with the radian of a rib defect, the main body is of a multi-layer structure, an inner layer is of a mechanical support-bone fusion structure so as to provide space for maintaining the shape of a chest structure, the initial strength required by respiratory expansion and the growth of new bone tissues, an outer layer is of a porous structure so as to facilitate the growth and later biological fusion fixation of surrounding soft tissues, the fixing port on the main body is fixedly arranged at the joint of the main body and the corresponding chest rib, the degradable chest rib implant functions are programmed through the regulation and control of degradable material components and macro-micro structures, dynamic matching and transformation of mechanical stability and tissue regeneration are realized, and along with the degradation of the degradable chest rib implant materials, the self tissues gradually grow into and completely replace the degradable chest rib implant. The main body inner layer mechanical support-bone fusion structure o