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CN-114342158-B - Device and method for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle

CN114342158BCN 114342158 BCN114342158 BCN 114342158BCN-114342158-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy store (5) of a motor vehicle. The device comprises an electrical energy store (5) and a fluid circuit (3) thermally and/or thermally coupleable to the electrical energy store for controlling the temperature of the energy store, wherein a temperature control fluid can be supplied to the energy store (5) and can be discharged from the energy store via the fluid circuit. The fluid circuit (3) further comprises pump means (10, 11) for delivering a temperature control fluid through the fluid circuit (3), valve means (12), cooling means (8) for cooling the temperature control fluid and heating means (9) for heating the temperature control fluid. The fluid circuit (3) has a sub-circuit (4) in which a heating device (9) is arranged, wherein the device (1) is designed to activate a heating operation of the heating device (9) when the motor vehicle is parked and a predetermined heating condition is met. The invention also relates to a method for controlling the temperature of an electric energy store of a motor vehicle and to a motor vehicle having such a device.

Inventors

  • Raimar Braun

Assignees

  • 曼卡车和巴士欧洲股份公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20200904
Priority Date
20190912

Claims (20)

  1. 1. Device (1) for controlling the temperature of an electric energy store (5) of a motor vehicle, comprising: -said electric energy accumulator (5); A fluid circuit (3) for controlling the temperature of the energy store, which is thermally and/or thermally coupleable to the energy store, wherein a temperature control fluid can be supplied to the energy store (5) and can be discharged from the energy store via the fluid circuit, Wherein the fluid circuit (3) comprises pump means (10, 11) for conveying the temperature control fluid through the fluid circuit (3), valve means (12), cooling means (8) for cooling the temperature control fluid and heating means (9) for heating the temperature control fluid, wherein the fluid circuit (3) has a sub-circuit (4) in which the heating means (9) are arranged, Wherein the device (1) is designed to activate a heating operation of the heating device (9) when the motor vehicle is parked and when a predetermined heating condition is met, wherein, by means of the valve device (12), the fluid coupling of the sub-circuit to the fluid circuit and the supply of the temperature control fluid heated in the sub-circuit to the electrical energy store (5) and the discharge from the electrical energy store (5) can be controlled, Wherein the device (1) is designed such that, upon activation of the heating operation, -Heating a predetermined partial quantity (20) of the temperature control fluid in the sub-circuit (4) with the heating device (9) in a first step (S3), wherein the sub-circuit (4) is fluidly separated from the rest of the fluid circuit (3) and/or the energy store (5) by the valve device (12), and in a second step (S4), the sub-circuit (4) is fluidly connected with the energy store (5) by the valve device (12) and the heated predetermined partial quantity (20) is pumped to the energy store by the pump devices (10, 11); Wherein the method comprises the steps of A) The energy store (5) is thermally coupled to the fluid circuit (3) by a flow-through region (6) formed in a wall region of the energy store (5), wherein the predetermined partial quantity (20) of the temperature-controlled fluid heated in the first step corresponds to a holding capacity of the flow-through region (6) of the energy store or is in the range from 80% to 200% of the holding capacity of the flow-through region (6), and/or B) The device is designed to control the valve device (12) and the pump device (10, 11) in the second step (S4) such that the heated predetermined partial quantity (20) is pumped into the flow-through region (6) and held there for a minimum period of time by stopping the flow of the fluid.
  2. 2. The device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the device is designed to perform a plurality of sequences for heating the energy store (5) upon activation of the heating operation, wherein each of the sequences comprises the first step (S3) and the second step (S4).
  3. 3. Device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the device is designed to perform a plurality of sequences for heating the energy store (5) upon activation of the heating operation, such that sequential pulses of the heated partial quantity of the temperature control fluid are pumped to the energy store (5) instead of a continuous flow of the temperature control fluid.
  4. 4. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the containment capacity of the sub-circuit (4) for the temperature control fluid is less than 50% of the containment capacity of the fluid circuit (3).
  5. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the containment capacity of the sub-circuit (4) for the temperature control fluid is less than 30% of the containment capacity of the fluid circuit (3).
  6. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the containment capacity of the sub-circuit (4) for the temperature control fluid is less than 20% of the containment capacity of the fluid circuit (3).
  7. 7. A device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising an on-board electrical subsystem (7) of the motor vehicle, to which an electrical voltage is supplied and/or can be supplied when an ignition is turned off and/or when a main battery switch of the motor vehicle is turned off, wherein the heating device (9) is an electrically driven heating device arranged in the on-board electrical subsystem (7).
  8. 8. Device (1) according to claim 7, wherein a voltage is and/or can be supplied to the on-board electrical subsystem via the energy store (5) when the ignition is switched off and/or when a main battery switch of the motor vehicle is switched off.
  9. 9. A device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fluid circuit (3) has two parallel connected lines (14, 15), the heating device (9) and the cooling device (8) being arranged in fluid parallel with each other in the two lines, wherein the valve device (12) can be used to control which of the parallel connected lines (14, 15) is used and/or can be used to supply a fluid flow to the energy store (5).
  10. 10. The device (1) according to claim 9, wherein the device (1) is designed to fluidly decouple a line section (14) with the cooling device (8) from a line section (16) with the energy store (5) by means of the valve device (12) in the second step (S4).
  11. 11. A device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the predetermined heating condition is fulfilled if the temperature of the energy store is below a predetermined threshold.
  12. 12. A device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pump device (10, 11) comprises a first pump (10) arranged in the sub-circuit for delivering the temperature control fluid within the sub-circuit (4) and/or a second pump (11) arranged outside the sub-circuit for delivering the temperature control fluid to the energy store (5).
  13. 13. Device (1) according to claim 12, wherein the device is designed to deactivate the first pump (10) only after a lag time after deactivating the heating device, in order to avoid cavitation effects.
  14. 14. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A) Wherein a heat insulation part (17) is arranged on or near the heating device and/or B) Wherein the temperature control fluid is a glycol-water mixture, and/or C) Wherein the energy accumulator (5) is a lithium ion storage battery energy accumulator and/or a high-voltage energy accumulator.
  15. 15. The device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the electrical energy storage (5) is a high voltage battery.
  16. 16. The device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the flow-through region is formed in a floor of the energy store (5).
  17. 17. The device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined partial quantity (20) of the temperature control fluid heated in the first step is in the range of 90% -130% of the containment volume of the flow-through region (6).
  18. 18. A motor vehicle comprising a device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
  19. 19. The motor vehicle of claim 18, wherein the motor vehicle is a utility vehicle.
  20. 20. The motor vehicle of claim 18, wherein the motor vehicle is a truck or bus.

Description

Device and method for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle Technical Field The invention relates to a device and a method for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle, preferably a utility vehicle (Nutzfahrzeug), having such a device. Background Motor vehicles that can be driven at least partially electrically generally have an energy store for electrical energy (also referred to below simply as an electrical energy store). In this case, the electrical energy storage may be a High Voltage (HV) motor vehicle battery. Various methods are known from practice not only for cooling the high-voltage battery but also for heating the high-voltage battery. One possibility is to heat the water-glycol at the bottom of the high-voltage battery by heating/cooling fins. Other methods include, for example, heating the battery or generating reactive power, such as by a brake. However, motor vehicles are typically actively operated for only a small fraction of the time. As a result, the electrical energy storage, and in particular the individual battery cells, may cool when the vehicle is parked. It is known that too high or too low a temperature can adversely affect the service life, performance and function of such batteries. A problem that may occur in particular is that below a critical minimum temperature the battery unit of the energy store can no longer supply sufficient power for starting operation when the vehicle is restarted. For example, if the high voltage battery cools excessively, the battery can only provide little or no current, especially for heating, because the current limit of the battery depends on the State of Charge (SoC) and temperature. The known methods for heating high-voltage batteries also have the disadvantage of consuming a large amount of energy for this purpose. Disclosure of Invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for controlling the temperature of an electrical energy storage device which avoids the disadvantages of the conventional art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for controlling the temperature of an energy store, by means of which cooling of the energy store can be avoided even when the vehicle is parked, and which enables the energy store to be heated in the most energy-efficient manner even when the vehicle is parked. According to a first general aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for controlling the temperature of an electric energy storage device of a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle may be an electrically driven and/or an electrically drivable motor vehicle. The device comprises an energy store for electrical energy, also referred to below as electrical energy store or simply energy store. The device further comprises a fluid circuit thermally and/or thermally coupleable to the energy store for controlling the temperature of the energy store, wherein a temperature control fluid can be supplied to the energy store and a temperature control fluid can be discharged from the energy store via the fluid circuit. In this case, the fluid circuit can comprise pump means for delivering the temperature control fluid through the fluid circuit, valve means, cooling means for cooling the temperature control fluid and heating means for heating the temperature control fluid. The fluid circuit further comprises a sub-circuit in which the heating means are arranged. This sub-loop is also referred to as first sub-loop hereinafter. Thus, the fluid circuit may be selectively used as a cooling circuit and a heating circuit. According to the invention, the device is designed to activate a heating operation of the heating device when the motor vehicle is parked and when a predetermined heating condition is met, wherein the fluid coupling of the sub-circuit to the fluid circuit and the supply and discharge of the heated temperature control fluid in the sub-circuit to and from the electrical energy store can be controlled by the valve device. Thus, cooling of the accumulator can be prevented even when the motor vehicle is parked. Furthermore, it is possible to heat the temperature control fluid in a particularly energy-saving manner and thus to heat the energy store in an energy-saving manner, since only a partial quantity of the temperature control fluid can be heated by the heating means arranged in the sub-circuit and then can be selectively supplied to the energy store for local heat dissipation by the valve means. Therefore, heat loss can be reduced. At the same time, since no heating circuit is provided which is independent of the cooling circuit, and the heating circuit is integrated in the cooling circuit, a cost-effectiveness of the device can be achieved. A parked vehicle is preferably understood to be a stopped and/or parked state of the motor vehicle, in particular a