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CN-114810089-B - Construction device and construction method for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock mass

CN114810089BCN 114810089 BCN114810089 BCN 114810089BCN-114810089-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction device and a construction method for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock mass, in particular to the field of rock mass blasting, comprising a supporting mechanism, wherein the bottom of the supporting mechanism is fixedly provided with a plurality of line drawing mechanisms for marking positioning track lines, one side of the line drawing mechanisms is provided with a marking mechanism for rapidly positioning drilling point positions, the two sides of the supporting mechanism are provided with measuring mechanisms for judging whether the directions of a plurality of explosion hole points deviate or not, the supporting mechanism comprises a handle, the handle is arranged in a hollow mode, the bottom of the handle is fixedly provided with a connecting seat, the outer wall of the connecting seat is hinged with the supporting seat, and the inner cavity of the handle is inserted with a first inserted rod. Through the piston rod of drawing hollow section of thick bamboo inner chamber for hollow box inner chamber gas draws, drives first gasbag strip and second gasbag strip shrink, makes the backup pad receive the pulling force skew to be hexagon state support on the rock mass face, then rotatory whole makes positioning screw carry out fixed point sign on the rock mass, very convenient in-service use.

Inventors

  • ZHANG CHENGLIANG
  • ZHANG HUACHAO
  • LIU LEI
  • DENG TAO
  • WU ZEXIN
  • GAO MEI

Assignees

  • 昆明理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20220413

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The construction device for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock mass comprises a supporting mechanism (1), wherein a plurality of line drawing mechanisms (2) for marking positioning track lines are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the supporting mechanism (1), a marking mechanism (3) for rapidly positioning drilling points is arranged on one side of the line drawing mechanism (2), measuring mechanisms (4) for judging whether a plurality of explosion hole point positions deviate or not are arranged on two sides of the supporting mechanism (1), the construction device is characterized in that the supporting mechanism (1) comprises a handle (101), the handle (101) is arranged in a hollow mode, a connecting seat (107) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the handle (101), a supporting seat (108) is hinged to the outer wall of the connecting seat (107), a first inserting rod (102) is inserted into an inner cavity of the handle (101), a second inserting rod (103) for being hinged to the first inserting rod (102) is inserted into the inner cavity of the supporting seat (108), two symmetrically arranged strip-shaped sliding grooves are formed in the outer wall of the first inserting rod (102), a first inserting rod (102) is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve (104) which is arranged on the outer wall of the first inserting rod (102) and is fixedly connected with the outer wall (104), a spring (106) used for being connected with the first inserted link (102) is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the grip (101); The line drawing mechanism (2) at least comprises two connecting rods (21), the two connecting rods (21) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the supporting seat (108) in a mutually symmetrical state, one end of each connecting rod (21) is fixedly provided with a spherical sliding block (22), the connecting rods (21) are provided with bending parts in the shape of 匚, the inside of each connecting rod (21) which is provided with a 匚 -shaped bending part is provided with a roller (23), the bottom of each roller (23) is provided with a sliding groove (24) used for being connected with the corresponding spherical sliding block (22), the spherical sliding block (22) is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the corresponding sliding groove (24), and the outer wall of each spherical sliding block (22) is fixedly provided with a supporting bracket (26); the marking mechanism (3) comprises supporting plates (31), the number of the supporting plates (31) is at least twelve, each two supporting plates (31) are arranged into a group, two supporting plates (31) in each group are arranged in a mutually hinged mode, a first air bag strip (32) is fixedly installed on one side of each group of two mutually hinged supporting plates (31), a second air bag strip (33) is communicated with the central position of the first air bag strip (32), a hollow box (34) is communicated with one end of the second air bag strip (33), a rotating shaft used for being connected with a supporting bracket (26) is rotationally connected to the central position of the hollow box (34), a hollow cylinder (36) which is arranged in a hollow mode is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box (34), a piston rod (37) used for being connected with a second inserting rod (103) is inserted into the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder (36), a positioning screw rod (35) on the same vertical line with the piston rod (37) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow box (34), and the positioning screw rod (35) penetrates through the supporting plate (31).
  2. 2. The construction device for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the roller (23) is hollow, the inner cavity of the roller (23) is filled with erasable ink, a plurality of leaking grooves are formed in the outer wall of the roller (23), and steel balls (25) for preventing the ink in the inner cavity of the roller (23) from leaking are rotatably connected to the inner cavities of the plurality of leaking grooves formed in the roller (23).
  3. 3. The construction device for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock mass according to claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the steel ball (25) is coated with a cohesive fiber sleeve for absorbing erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller (23).
  4. 4. A construction device for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock according to claim 3, wherein the rollers (23) are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the joint bars (21), and the support plates (31) are disposed on the vertical center lines of the two joint bars (21).
  5. 5. A construction equipment for blasting tunnel-layered jointed rock according to claim 4, wherein the rotation angle between each two support plates (31) hinged to each other is set between one hundred sixty degrees and one hundred eighty degrees.
  6. 6. The construction device for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock mass according to claim 5, wherein the measuring mechanism (4) comprises a first balancing frame (41), the first balancing frame (41) is fixedly installed on one side of the supporting seat (108), a second balancing frame (42) is hinged on one side of the first balancing frame (41), a positioning plate (43) is sleeved on the outer wall of the second balancing frame (42), a turntable (44) is rotatably connected to one side of the positioning plate (43), and a plurality of positioning scales (45) for measuring angles among a plurality of blastholes are fixedly installed on the turntable (44).
  7. 7. The construction device for blasting tunnel-layered jointed rock mass according to claim 6, wherein the positioning scales (45) are sequentially and equidistantly arranged in a ring shape around the outer circumference of the turntable (44), and the positioning scales (45) are sequentially and equidistantly provided with a plurality of positioning holes (46) for measuring the distance between the plurality of blastholes in a linear manner.
  8. 8. A construction method of tunnel layered jointed rock blasting, which is a positioning construction by using the construction device of tunnel layered jointed rock blasting according to claim 7, characterized in that the specific construction method is as follows: S1, bending a connecting seat (107) hinged to a supporting seat (108), and simultaneously moving a track line of a roller (23) attached to a rock body surface to push a handle (101) so that the roller (23) rotates and moves on the track line; S2, when the roller (23) is contacted with the rock mass surface, the steel ball (25) rotates on the roller (23), the adhesive fiber sleeve on the surface of the steel ball (25) absorbs erasable ink in the inner cavity of the roller (23) in the rotating process, and a moving track line is drawn on the rock mass surface in the moving process S3, straightening the handle (101) according to the drawn track line when the track line reaches the explosion hole point position, enabling the first inserting rod (102) and the second inserting rod (103) to be kept vertical, enabling the first inserting rod (102) and the second inserting rod (103) to drive the piston rod (37) to draw out of the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder (36) through upwards sliding the sleeve (105) on the outer wall of the handle (101), enabling air in the inner cavity of the hollow box (34) to be drawn out, enabling air in the first air bag strip (32) and the second air bag strip (33) to be drawn out to generate pulling force, enabling the mutually hinged supporting plates (31) to be displayed in a hundred eighty degrees, and enabling the supporting plates (31) to be mutually combined into a hexagonal state to be supported at the bottom of the handle (101); s4, pressing down a plurality of support plates (31) in a hexagonal state to enable the positioning screw rods (35) to penetrate through the support plates (31) to be in contact with the ground, and finally driving the whole body to rotate through the rotary handle (101), so that the positioning screw rods (35) leave marks on the rock mass, the marks reciprocate, and after point location and hole explosion point location, the subsequent positioning identification can be carried out by repeating the step S1; and S5, attaching the center point of the turntable (44) to the positioning mark through the hole explosion positioning mark made in the step S4, and calculating errors according to angles among the positioning scales (45) and distances among the positioning holes (46).

Description

Construction device and construction method for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock mass Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of rock blasting, in particular to a construction device and a construction method for tunnel layered jointed rock blasting. Background The layered structure of rock body is mainly multi-rhythm thin layer, medium-thickness layered sedimentary rock and auxiliary variate rock, and its main structure is formed from layered, plate-like and lens body, and has layers, plate-like and joint, and often has interlayer dislocation, and is approximate to uniform anisotropic body, its deformation and strength characteristics are controlled by layer and rock layer combination, and can be regarded as elastic body, and its stability is poor, and the geotechnical engineering problem can be that the unstable structure body can produce slump, in particular the bending fracture of rock layer and plastic deformation of weak rock layer. When blasting the tunnel layered jointed rock, the number, angle and interval of the required blastholes are calculated according to the size of the blasted surface, however, the conventional positioning of a plurality of blastholes is mostly carried out by visual inspection and judgment of points through practical experience of operators, however, the manner is easy to deviate to influence the blasting effect, so the invention relates to a construction device and a construction method for blasting the tunnel layered jointed rock. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a construction device and a construction method for blasting tunnel layered jointed rock, wherein the piston rod of the inner cavity of a hollow cylinder is drawn to draw out the gas in the inner cavity of the hollow cylinder, so that the first air bag strip and the second air bag strip are driven to shrink, and the support plate is supported on the rock surface in a hexagonal state under the action of tensile force deflection, so that the problems in the prior art are solved. The construction device comprises a supporting mechanism, wherein a plurality of line drawing mechanisms for marking positioning track lines are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the supporting mechanism, a marking mechanism for rapidly positioning drilling points is arranged on one side of the line drawing mechanism, measuring mechanisms for judging whether the positions of the plurality of explosion points deviate or not are arranged on two sides of the supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism comprises a handle, the handle is arranged in a hollow mode, a connecting seat is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the handle, a supporting seat is hinged to the outer wall of the connecting seat, a first inserting rod is inserted into an inner cavity of the handle, a second inserting rod used for being hinged with the first inserting rod is inserted into an inner cavity of the supporting seat, two symmetrically arranged strip-shaped sliding grooves are formed in the outer wall of the first inserting rod, a limit sliding block used for being connected with the first inserting rod is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the first inserting rod, a sleeve used for being sleeved on the outer wall of the limit sliding block is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the limit sliding block, and a spring is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the handle and connected with the first inserting rod; The line drawing mechanism at least comprises two connecting rods, the two connecting rods are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the supporting seat in a mutually symmetrical state, one end of each connecting rod is fixedly provided with a spherical sliding block, the connecting rods are provided with bending parts in the shape of 匚, the inside of each connecting rod, which is provided with the bending parts in the shape of 匚, is provided with rollers, the bottoms of the rollers are provided with sliding grooves for being connected with the spherical sliding blocks, the spherical sliding blocks are slidably arranged in the inner cavities of the sliding grooves, and the outer walls of the spherical sliding blocks are fixedly provided with supporting brackets; The marking mechanism comprises supporting plates, the number of the supporting plates is at least twelve, every two supporting plates are set to be a group, two supporting plates in each group are arranged in a mutually hinged mode, one side of each group of two mutually hinged supporting plates is fixedly provided with a first air bag strip, the center position of the first air bag strip is communicated with a second air bag strip, one end of the second air bag strip is communicated with a hollow box, a rotating shaft used for being connected with a supporting bracket is rotatably connected to the center position of the hollow box, a hollow barrel which is arranged in a hollow mode is