CN-115036526-B - Blind end plate, fuel cell and vehicle

CN115036526BCN 115036526 BCN115036526 BCN 115036526BCN-115036526-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a blind end plate, a fuel cell and a vehicle, wherein the blind end plate comprises a body, a flow passage part and a tail hydrogen inlet plate opening are formed in one side face of the body, a tail hydrogen outlet plate opening and a tail hydrogen water outlet plate opening are further formed in the body, the tail hydrogen inlet plate opening, the tail hydrogen outlet plate opening and the tail hydrogen water outlet plate opening are respectively communicated with the flow passage part, the tail hydrogen inlet plate opening is a through hole or a blind hole, the tail hydrogen outlet plate opening and the tail hydrogen water outlet plate opening are through holes, the level of the tail hydrogen outlet plate opening is higher than that of the tail hydrogen water outlet plate opening, the tail end of a fuel cell stack is heated by utilizing heat of tail hydrogen through the blind end plate, the difference between the temperature of a single cell at the tail end of the fuel cell stack and the temperature of a single cell at the middle position is reduced, and therefore the condition of single performance caused by low temperature is eliminated, and the overall performance of the fuel cell stack is improved.

Inventors

HOU JINLIANG
DING TIEXIN
GAO YUNQING
LI FEIQIANG

Assignees

北京亿华通科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20220523

Claims (10)

1. The blind end plate is characterized by comprising a body, wherein a flow passage part and a tail hydrogen plate inlet are formed in one side surface of the body, and a tail hydrogen plate outlet and a tail hydrogen water plate outlet are also formed in the body; the tail hydrogen inlet, the tail hydrogen outlet and the tail hydrogen water outlet are respectively communicated with the runner part; the tail hydrogen inlet plate opening is a through hole or a blind hole, and the tail hydrogen outlet plate opening and the tail hydrogen water outlet plate opening are through holes; the height of the horizontal plane of the tail hydrogen outlet plate is higher than that of the tail hydrogen water outlet plate.
2. The blind end plate of claim 1 wherein said flow conduit portion comprises a plurality of distribution regions and a plurality of flow conduit regions; the distribution areas and the runner areas are arranged in a staggered mode.
3. Blind end plate according to claim 2, wherein the flow gate comprises three distribution areas and two flow gate areas, three distribution areas and two flow gate areas being staggered.
4. The blind end plate of claim 2 wherein said distribution area is a plurality of columns disposed on the body in a plurality of rows and columns.
5. The blind end plate of claim 2 wherein said flow field comprises a plurality of parallel flow channels.
6. A fuel cell comprising a stack comprising a terminal plate, a rear end plate, and a plurality of blind end plates according to any one of claims 1-5; the blind end plate is clamped between the end plate and the rear end plate, and one side of the blind end plate with the runner part faces the end plate; the tail section plate is provided with a hydrogen outlet which is a through hole, and the hydrogen outlet corresponds to the tail hydrogen inlet of the blind end plate; If the blind end plate is provided with a plurality of blind end plates, the tail hydrogen inlet of the blind end plate closest to the rear end plate is a blind hole, the tail hydrogen inlet of other blind end plates is a through hole, and if the blind end plate is provided with a plurality of blind end plates, the tail hydrogen inlet of the blind end plate is a blind hole.
7. The fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the stack further comprises an intermediate stack comprising a plurality of normal plates; The normal plate comprises a hydrogen plate inlet, a hydrogen plate outlet, an air plate inlet, an air plate outlet, a cooling liquid plate inlet and a cooling liquid plate outlet, and the hydrogen plate inlet, the hydrogen plate outlet, the air plate inlet, the air plate outlet, the cooling liquid plate inlet and the cooling liquid plate outlet of the normal plate are all through holes; The tail plate is also provided with a hydrogen plate inlet, an air plate outlet, a cooling liquid plate inlet and a cooling liquid plate outlet, and the hydrogen plate inlet, the air plate outlet, the cooling liquid plate inlet and the cooling liquid plate outlet of the tail plate are all blind holes; the normal plate is assembled with each opening of the end plate correspondingly.
8. The fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein the electric stack further comprises a front end plate and a head plate, and the front end plate, the head plate, the middle cell stack, the tail plate, the blind end plate and the rear end plate are sequentially combined and fixed; the front end plate is provided with a hydrogen stack inlet, an air stack outlet, a cooling liquid stack inlet and a cooling liquid stack outlet; the head section plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet, an air outlet, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, the hydrogen inlet, the air outlet, the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet of the first section plate are all through holes.
9. The fuel cell of claim 8, wherein the rear end plate is provided with a tail hydrogen outlet and a tail hydrogen water outlet, the tail hydrogen outlet is communicated with a tail hydrogen outlet of the blind end plate, and the tail hydrogen water outlet is communicated with a tail hydrogen water outlet.
10. A vehicle comprising a fuel cell according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

Description

Blind end plate, fuel cell and vehicle Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a blind end plate, a fuel cell and a vehicle. Background The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stack consists of a plurality of single cells, and the PEMFC single cells consist of a proton exchange membrane, a cathode and anode catalytic layer, a diffusion layer, a bipolar plate, a cooling channel and other parts. The fuel cell stack is formed by stacking a plurality of single cells, fuel enters each single cell through a fuel inlet distribution cavity of the fuel cell stack, passes through a flow channel in the cell and participates in a reaction, and residual gas flows out of the fuel cell stack from a fuel outlet collection cavity of the fuel cell stack. In the test and operation of the fuel cell stack, the voltage and consistency of each single cell are monitored in real time through the inspection module, so that the operation condition of each single cell is judged. In actual working conditions, the condition that the voltage of the first or last single cell is low often occurs, one of the main factors of the condition is uneven fuel distribution caused by a structure, the other main factor is that the heat exchange coefficient of the first and the last ends of the fuel cell stack in operation is large, the heat exchange coefficient of the middle position is small, the temperature distribution of the fuel cell stack can show that the two ends are low, the middle is high, namely, the temperature of a plurality of single cells at the first end and the tail end is lower than that of a single cell at the middle position of the fuel cell stack, and the performance of the first end and the tail end single cell is further influenced. Researches show that the temperature difference can reach 6-8 ℃ to the highest degree, which can greatly lead to lower performance of the head-end single cell and lower overall performance of the fuel cell stack. According to the situation that the single cell at the head end and the tail end is low due to the temperature difference, most fuel cell stack manufacturers today only consider that the single cell at the head end is caused by the internal flow channel structure, and the reason that the single cell at the head end is low is not considered, so that the phenomenon that the voltage of the single cell at the head end is low in the actual operation condition of many fuel cell stacks is still caused, which will affect the overall performance of the fuel cell stacks and the service life of the fuel cell stacks. Some fuel cell stack manufacturers maintain the temperature of the cells at the head-end locations by adding auxiliary heating devices such as heating Plates (PTC) at the head-end locations. But this measure increases the extra power consumption of the fuel cell stack and reduces the net output power of the fuel cell stack, and in addition, with this heating measure, an accurate temperature control system is required to control the temperature at the head-end position to be level with the overall fuel cell stack temperature, which tends to increase the complexity and cost of the overall system. In addition, the fuel cell stack manufacturer (Toyota) can heat the temperature of the head end position by improving the structure of the head end plate and utilizing the waste heat of tail exhaust air, and the structure does not need additional auxiliary heating, so that a good effect can be obtained. But this structure is only suitable for heating of the head end plate and has no effect on the temperature at the end position. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a blind end plate, a fuel cell and a vehicle, wherein the blind end plate is used for heating the tail end of the fuel cell without additional energy. In order to solve the technical problems, the first technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A blind end plate comprises a body, wherein a flow passage part and a tail hydrogen plate inlet are formed in one side surface of the body, and a tail hydrogen plate outlet and a tail hydrogen water plate outlet are also formed in the body; the tail hydrogen inlet, the tail hydrogen outlet and the tail hydrogen water outlet are respectively communicated with the runner part; the tail hydrogen inlet plate opening is a through hole or a blind hole, and the tail hydrogen outlet plate opening and the tail hydrogen water outlet plate opening are through holes; the height of the horizontal plane of the tail hydrogen outlet plate is higher than that of the tail hydrogen water outlet plate. In order to solve the technical problems, the second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a fuel cell comprising a stack comprising a terminal plate, a rear end plate and a plurality of blind end plates as described above; the blind end plate is clamped between the end plate an