CN-115173864-B - Digital acquisition method for transient pulse with large dynamic range

CN115173864BCN 115173864 BCN115173864 BCN 115173864BCN-115173864-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-speed signal acquisition method, in particular to a digital acquisition method of transient pulses with a large dynamic range, which solves the technical problems that the transient pulses with large amplitude span and large measuring range uncertainty are difficult to record in the prior art. The digital acquisition method of the large dynamic range transient pulse comprises the steps of 1, establishing a digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse, wherein the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse comprises an analog signal processing unit and a waveform digital unit, 2, calibrating the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse in advance by using standard signals, and 3, inputting the transient pulse P1 into the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse calibrated in advance in the step 2 to obtain waveform data of a pulse string P2, and acquiring and extracting different gain waveforms of the waveform data to realize digital acquisition of the large dynamic range transient pulse.

Inventors

LUO TONGDING
ZHANG YANXIA
CHEN YANLI
ZHAO QIAN
RUAN LINBO
LI HAITAO
WANG JING
Lv Zongjing

Assignees

西北核技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20220720

Claims (6)

1. The digital acquisition method of the large dynamic range transient pulse is characterized by comprising the following steps of: The method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a digital acquisition system of large dynamic range transient pulses, wherein the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulses comprises an analog signal processing unit and a waveform digital unit, wherein the analog signal processing unit is used for dividing the transient pulses into N paths of signals, respectively carrying out signal attenuation and signal delay on the N paths of signals, and then compounding the N paths of signals after signal delay to generate N phase-separated pulse strings; step 2, calibrating the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse in the step 1 in advance by using a standard signal, wherein the digital acquisition system specifically comprises the following steps: 2.1 Calibrating the vertical sensitivity of the N branches; 2.1.1, generating a standard square wave pulse signal with the amplitude of V 0 ; 2.1.2, dividing the standard square wave pulse signal into two paths of outputs, wherein one path of output is connected with an external trigger channel TRIG of the waveform digitizing unit, and the other path of output is connected with a signal channel CH of the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse to obtain pulse train waveform data corresponding to N paths of branches; 2.1.3, performing analog-to-digital conversion on N pulse amplitudes in the pulse train waveform data obtained in the step 2.1.2 to obtain a quantized value CODE 1 、CODE 2 、…、CODE N ; 2.1.4, calculating the vertical sensitivity A 1 、…、A N of the N branches according to the standard square wave pulse signal amplitude V 0 and the quantized value CODE 1 、CODE 2 、…、CODE N obtained in the step 2.1.3; 2.2 Calibrating delay time Deltat D0 、…、△t D（N-1） corresponding to N branches; Step 3, collecting and extracting; Inputting the transient pulse P1 to be detected into a calibrated digital acquisition system of the transient pulse with a large dynamic range, obtaining waveform data of the pulse string P2, and acquiring and extracting different gain waveforms of the waveform data to realize digital acquisition of the transient pulse with the large dynamic range, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 3.1 Inputting transient pulse P1 into a digital acquisition system of the transient pulse with a large dynamic range to obtain waveform data of a pulse string P2; 3.2 Defining the position of a point on the waveform of the pulse string P2 as (x, y), wherein x represents the position sequence of the point in the waveform, y represents the actual quantized value corresponding to the point, and the amplitude value of the point is yA X , wherein x is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; Defining the starting point of the pulse train P2 as the starting point of the 1 st branch output pulse waveform, calculating the window time corresponding to each branch corresponding to the waveform data of the pulse train P2 by using the delay time Deltat D0 、…、△t D（N-1） calibrated in the step 2.2), thereby obtaining N corresponding different gain waveforms, and realizing the digital acquisition of the transient pulse with a large dynamic range.
2. The method for digitally collecting large dynamic range transient pulses of claim 1 wherein said analog signal processing unit of step 1 comprises N branches combined with a signal, wherein N is a positive integer; Each shunt circuit comprises a signal shunt circuit, a signal attenuation circuit and a signal delay circuit which are connected in sequence; the input ends of the N signal branches are connected with transient pulses and are used for dividing the transient pulses into N paths of output; the signal attenuation is used for carrying out gain adjustment on the output of the signal branching and outputting attenuation pulse; the signal delay is used for adding signal delay time to the attenuated signal and outputting phase separation pulses, so that N phase separation pulses corresponding to N branches are obtained; The signal compounding is used for compounding N phase separation pulses into a pulse train to be output, and the output end of the signal compounding is connected with the input end of the waveform digitizing unit.
3. The method for digitally collecting the large dynamic range transient pulses of claim 2, wherein in step 2.1.4, the calculating the vertical sensitivities of the N branches is specifically: Assuming that the quantization bit number of the analog-to-digital conversion is M, the vertical sensitivity a N of the nth branch is: ; The upper range limit B N of the nth shunt is: 。
4. The method for digitally collecting the transient pulses with a large dynamic range according to claim 3, wherein in step 2.1.2, the specific method for obtaining the pulse train waveform data corresponding to the N branches is as follows: By adjusting the amplitude V 0 of the standard square wave pulse signal, the pulse train waveform data corresponding to the N branches are obtained.
5. The method for digitally collecting a large dynamic range transient pulse of claim 4, wherein step 3.1) comprises: 3.1.1, dividing the input transient pulse P1 into N paths of signals by utilizing a signal shunt; 3.1.2, respectively performing gain adjustment on the gains of the N paths of signals in the step 3.1.1 to obtain N paths of attenuation pulses; 3.1.3, adding signal delay time T D1 …T DN for each path of attenuation signals in the step 3.1.2 respectively to obtain N paths of phase separation pulses; 3.1.4, compounding the N paths of phase separation pulses in the step 3.1.3 to obtain a pulse string P2; 3.1.5 converting the pulse train P2 into waveform data using a waveform digitizing unit.
6. The method for digitally collecting a large dynamic range transient pulse of any one of claims 1-5, wherein N has a value of 3.

Description

Digital acquisition method for transient pulse with large dynamic range Technical Field The invention relates to a high-speed signal acquisition method, in particular to a digital acquisition method of transient pulses with a large dynamic range. Background Transient pulse signal measurement has wide demands in advanced scientific research, such as high-energy physics, radiation detection, detonation experiments, and the like. The physical experiment has extremely short occurrence process, the physical detection signal has the characteristic of transient, is usually represented by a nanosecond-level to microsecond-level single fast pulse signal, has the characteristics of large amplitude span and large range uncertainty, and has the characteristics of aperiodicity and single difficulty in repetition, and the method brings great difficulty to the accurate acquisition of a back-end acquisition and recording system. At present, a range coverage method is often adopted for the acquisition of single transient pulses with large amplitude span and large range uncertainty, and the principle is that a power divider is used for dividing signals into multiple paths, then a plurality of oscilloscopes or data acquisition instrument channels are used for acquiring the signals in a mode of range lap joint, and the channels are respectively covered with different range ranges of fast pulse signals by setting different gains. Although the acquisition method can realize the acquisition of the fast pulse signals, the inconsistent processing problem caused by the differences of synchronous triggering, biasing, conditioning circuits, analog-to-digital converters and the like among different channels still exists. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims at solving the technical problems that the transient pulse with large amplitude span and large range uncertainty is difficult to record in the prior art, and provides a digital acquisition method for the transient pulse with a large dynamic range, which can realize the acquisition of the transient pulse with a large dynamic range. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The digital acquisition method of the transient pulse with the large dynamic range is characterized by comprising the following steps of: The method comprises the steps of 1, establishing a digital acquisition system of large dynamic range transient pulses, wherein the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulses comprises an analog signal processing unit and a waveform digital unit, wherein the analog signal processing unit is used for dividing the transient pulses into N paths of signals, respectively carrying out signal attenuation and signal delay on the N paths of signals, and then compounding the N paths of signals after signal delay to generate N phase-separated pulse strings; step 2, calibrating the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse in the step 1 in advance by using a standard signal; step 3, collecting and extracting The transient pulse P1 to be detected is input into a digital acquisition system of the pre-calibrated large dynamic range transient pulse, waveform data of the pulse string P2 are obtained, different gain waveforms of the waveform data are acquired and extracted, and digital acquisition of the large dynamic range transient pulse is realized. Further, in step 1, the analog signal processing unit includes N branches and a signal is combined, where N is a positive integer; Each shunt circuit comprises a signal shunt circuit, a signal attenuation circuit and a signal delay circuit which are connected in sequence; the input ends of the N signal branches are connected with transient pulses and are used for dividing the transient pulses into N paths for output; The signal attenuation is used for carrying out gain adjustment on the output of the signal branching and outputting attenuation pulse; The signal delay is used for adding signal delay time to the attenuated signal and outputting phase separation pulses, so as to obtain N phase separation pulses corresponding to N branches; The signal composite is used for compositing N phase separation pulses into a pulse train to be output, and the output end of the signal composite is connected with the input end of the waveform digitizing unit. Further, the step 2 specifically comprises: 2.1 Calibrating the vertical sensitivity of N branches 2.1.1, Generating a standard square wave pulse signal with the amplitude of V 0; 2.1.2, dividing the standard square wave pulse signal into two paths of outputs, wherein one path of output is connected with an external trigger channel TRIG of the waveform digitizing unit, and the other path of output is connected with a signal channel CH of the digital acquisition system of the large dynamic range transient pulse to obtain pulse train waveform data corresponding to N paths of branches; 2.1.3, perfor