CN-115184257-B - Visual fossil portal coal and gas outburst simulation experiment device and method

CN115184257BCN 115184257 BCN115184257 BCN 115184257BCN-115184257-B

Abstract

The invention provides a visual simulation experiment device and method for the outburst of coal and gas of a cross-cut coal, which belong to the technical field of the cross-cut coal, wherein coal seam similar materials are filled in an air bag to simulate a coal seam containing gas, an acrylic plate with good perspective is used as an observation plate and a light-permeable stratum material, the visual simulation experiment is realized by combining a light source and a high-speed camera, various indexes of the outburst process of the coal and the gas during the cross-cut coal can be measured, the visual quantitative simulation experiment is realized, and an experiment foundation is provided for researching the outburst mechanism and process of the cross-cut coal and the gas and pertinently providing anti-outburst measures.

Inventors

LI XUELONG
FU JIANHUA
LIU JIANGWEI
SUN ZHONGGUANG
CHEN SHAOJIE
ZHANG LIBO
LIU SHUMIN
YIN DAWEI
SHEN WENLONG
ZOU QUANLE
ZHAI MINGHUA
KONG BIAO

Assignees

山东科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20220720

Claims (8)

1. The method is realized by a visual rock cross-cut coal and gas outburst simulation experiment device, the experiment device comprises a frame structure, a tunneling device, a monitoring device, experiment materials and a controller, wherein the frame structure comprises an experiment table base, upright beams, a cross beam, a hydraulic loading head, a protection beam, an observation plate, a ventilation device and an air charging device, the upright beams are positioned at the left side and the right side, the bottom ends of the upright beams are fixedly arranged on the experiment table base, the top ends of the upright beams are fixedly connected through the cross beam, the middle parts or the lower parts of the front side and the rear side of the upright beams are respectively fixedly connected through the protection beams, the upright beams at the left side and the right side are encircled with the protection beams at the front side and the rear side to form a containing space for containing and positioning square observation window structures with upper openings and lower openings, the square observation window structures are integrally formed by the front side, the bottom of the square observation window structures are connected with the experiment table base, the top of the square observation window structures is provided with a plurality of hydraulic loading heads, the bottom of the cross beam is used for simulating stress on the experiment materials, the top of the experiment materials are arranged at the left side and right side of the cross beam, the top of the experiment device is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, the ventilation holes are respectively arranged at the positions close to the left side and right side of the cross beam and the bottom of the experiment table base, and the ventilation device are respectively arranged at the positions close to the inner ventilation holes through the exhaust hole and the exhaust hole respectively; The experimental material comprises a rock stratum simulation material and a coal seam simulation material, wherein the coal seam simulation material is sleeved outside an air sac to form a closed strip coal seam, and the gas pressure in the air sac is controlled in a pressurizing manner through an external inflating device; the experimental method is characterized by comprising the step of simulating the coal and gas outburst process by damaging the air bag by the tunneling device.
2. The visual fossil portal coal and gas outburst simulation experiment method is characterized in that the tunneling device comprises a tunneling drill bit and a gangue transport device, wherein the tunneling drill bit is installed on a small spiral drilling robot, the tunneling drill bit is driven to drill through the small spiral drilling robot, the small spiral drilling robot is connected to a controller through a control signal line, and tunneling control is carried out on the tunneling drill bit by the controller.
3. The simulation experiment method for the protrusion of visual fossil portal coal and gas according to claim 2, wherein the gangue transporting device comprises a conveyer belt, conveyer belt pulleys and a belt tightening spring, the conveyer belt is wound on the small spiral drilling robot and is provided with conveying power by the small spiral drilling robot, the conveyer belt pulleys are at least provided with two, the belt tightening spring is arranged between the two conveyer belt pulleys, and the connection point of the belt tightening spring and the conveyer belt is in a triangular relationship with the two conveyer belt pulleys on two sides of the conveyer belt.
4. The visual fossil portal coal and gas outburst simulation experiment method according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring device comprises a displacement measuring point, a stress sensor, an air pressure sensor, a displacement measuring device and a high-speed camera, the displacement measuring point is uniformly arranged on the front face and the rear face of an experimental material, the stress sensor is arranged in a top plate, a bottom plate and the coal bed of a simulated coal bed, the air pressure sensor is arranged at an outlet of the air charging device, and the high-speed camera is arranged in the front side and the rear side direction of the frame structure and used for video recording through an observation plate.
5. The visual rock cross-hatch coal and gas outburst simulation experiment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that rock stratum simulation materials are at least prepared by mixing sand, gypsum and calcium carbonate according to a certain proportion, and coal seam simulation materials are at least prepared by mixing sand, gypsum, calcium carbonate and dyeing ink according to a certain proportion.
6. The visual fossil portal coal and gas outburst simulation experiment method according to claim 5, wherein the rock stratum simulation material and the coal seam simulation material are arranged in a mode of inclined coal seam laying.
7. The visual rock cross-cut coal and gas outburst simulation experiment method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that optical fiber materials are further added into the rock stratum simulation materials, the manufactured rock stratum simulation materials are made of light-transmitting materials, and a light source is further arranged on the side, opposite to the high-speed camera, of the front side and the rear side of the frame structure.
8. The visual simulation experiment method for the protrusion of the coal and the gas of the rock cross-cut coal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the controller comprises a display screen, a gas pressure signal, a tunneling control signal line, a stress sensor signal line, a high-speed camera control line and a displacement signal line, and the controller is used for controlling the pressure and the displacement of a hydraulic loading head on a frame structure, controlling the tunneling of a tunneling device, controlling a ventilation device, controlling the gas pressure in an air bag and receiving stress displacement, gas pressure change and image monitoring data.

Description

Visual fossil portal coal and gas outburst simulation experiment device and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine underground rock cross-cut coal uncovering, and particularly relates to a visual fossil rock cross-cut coal uncovering and gas outburst simulation experiment device and method. Background The stone door is used as an important roadway for mining underground coal mines, the bearing structure and the gas occurrence state in a coal stratum are changed in the excavation process of the stone door, the phenomenon that coal and gas protrude easily occurs in a gas-containing coal layer under the combined action of the ground stress, the gas pressure and the tunneling activity influence, serious safety accidents are caused, and the safety and the high-efficiency production of mines and the life health of operation workers are greatly threatened. How to accurately master the outburst condition of coal and gas and take effective outburst prevention measures in the rock cross-cut coal uncovering process is a key for ensuring safe production, and the work performed by coal mine enterprises in this aspect mainly tries a plurality of outburst prevention measures so as to obtain good outburst prevention effects and ensure that the rock cross-cut coal is safely revealed and passes through a coal seam. The related scientific research workers focus on the mechanism research of coal and gas outburst in rock mechanics during rock cross-cut coal uncovering, but the simulation experiment which is more closely related with actual engineering is relatively lacking, most of the existing experimental equipment only can explore the mechanism of coal and gas outburst in coal cross-cut coal uncovering in aspects such as coal bed mechanical property, gas pressure and the like, and in addition, the experimental equipment has teaching experimental facilities, and although the process of coal and gas outburst can be displayed to a certain extent, the teaching significance is greater than the research significance, and quantitative research means on coal and gas outburst are lacking. The Chinese patent ZL201110324127.5 discloses a coal and gas outburst simulation test system during cross-cut coal uncovering, although the experimental simulation of coal and gas outburst during cross-cut coal uncovering can be realized to a certain extent, the required experimental materials are more because of the large size of a box body, the process of coal seam disaster caused by the exposure of the cross-cut coal cannot be intuitively displayed, and the installation is complex because of the structures such as a diaphragm are arranged at the position of a gap. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a visual simulation experiment device and method for the protrusion of rock cross-cut coal and gas, and aims to realize quantitative and visual research on the protrusion process of the rock cross-cut coal and gas and improve the research on the protrusion of coal and gas in a coal mine. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The experimental device comprises a frame structure, a tunneling device, a monitoring device, experimental materials and a controller, wherein the frame structure comprises an experiment table base, vertical beams, cross beams, hydraulic loading heads, protective beams, observation plates, ventilation devices and air inflation devices, the vertical beams are arranged on the left side and the right side, the bottom ends of the vertical beams are fixedly arranged on the experiment table base, the top ends of the vertical beams are fixedly connected through the cross beams, the middle parts or the lower parts of the front side and the rear side of the vertical beams are respectively fixedly connected through the protective beams, the vertical beams on the left side and the right side and the protective beams on the front side and the rear side are surrounded to form a containing space for containing and positioning a square observation window structure with upper openings and lower openings, the square observation window structure is integrally formed by the front side, the rear side, the bottom of the square observation window structure is connected with the experiment table base, the top of the square observation window structure is provided with a plurality of hydraulic loading heads for pressing the experimental materials to simulate formation stress, the positions of the left side and the right side of the cross beams, which are close to the vertical beams, exhaust holes are respectively arranged on the upper part of the experiment table base, the air exhaust holes are respectively connected to the air inflation devices through pipelines, and the air inflation devices are respectively arranged inside the containing space, and the air inflation devices are connected t