CN-115263641-B - Method for analyzing uneven opening faults of movable guide vane of water turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for analyzing uneven opening faults of movable guide vanes of a water turbine, which comprises the steps of calculating the monitoring quantity of horizontal vibration of a top cover in real time according to the horizontal vibration amplitude of the top cover in the +X and +Y directions obtained in real time by an online monitoring system, calculating the monitoring quantity of k times frequency vibration components of the number k of the horizontal vibration guide vanes of the top cover in real time, calculating water guide tiles Wen Jicha T in real time, judging three conditions by combining with industry standard specification requirements, outputting fault warning signals when the conditions are met at the same time, stopping in time for inspection, and formulating maintenance treatment measures. According to the method, through the equipment association phenomenon generated by uneven opening of the guide vane of the water turbine, the method for analyzing whether uneven opening faults of the guide vane exist or not based on real-time calculation and analysis by a computer is summarized, so that abnormal conditions can be timely and accurately found at the initial stage of uneven opening faults of the guide vane, overhaul treatment measures can be timely formulated, and the method has good popularization value in industry.

Inventors

• ZHANG XINGMING
• WU JINTAO
• LI HUI
• GUO MENGYING
• LI TIANYI
• WANG YUHANG
• WANG YAN
• LIU YIREN
• WANG WEI
• CHEN JINDE
• MA YUNHUA
• LI ZHENG
• DING WENHUA
• YANG KANG
• DUAN CHUNHUI
• XUE SONG
• He Zhanyong
• WEN QIANG

Assignees

• 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20220615

Claims (2)

1. 1. The method for analyzing the uneven opening faults of the movable guide vanes of the water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) According to the horizontal vibration amplitude values of the top cover in the +X direction and the +Y direction obtained in real time by the on-line monitoring system, the horizontal vibration monitoring quantity Z of the top cover is calculated in real time, and the calculation formula is as follows: wherein X represents the horizontal vibration amplitude of the top cover in the +X direction, Y represents the horizontal vibration amplitude of the top cover in the +Y direction, and Z represents the horizontal vibration monitoring amount of the top cover, namely the combined amount of the vibration in the two directions; (2) According to the horizontal vibration waveform of the top cover in the +X direction obtained in real time by the on-line monitoring system, the k frequency multiplication vibration component value of the number of the guide vanes in the +X direction is calculated in real time by adopting FFT, and the calculation formula is as follows: X(k)=FFT[x{n}]| N wherein X (k) represents the number k of frequency multiplication vibration component values of the horizontal vibration guide vanes of the top cover in the +X direction, X { N } represents the acquired waveform data sequence in the +X direction, and N represents the number of data points of the data sequence; (3) According to the horizontal vibration waveform of the top cover in the +Y direction obtained in real time by the on-line monitoring system, the k frequency multiplication vibration component value of the number of the guide vanes in the +Y direction is calculated in real time by adopting FFT, and the calculation formula is as follows: Y(k)=FFT[y{n}]| N Wherein Y (k) represents the frequency multiplication vibration component value of the number k of the horizontal vibration guide vanes of the top cover in the +Y direction, Y { N } represents the acquired waveform data sequence in the +Y direction, and N represents the number of data points of the data sequence; (4) According to the k frequency multiplication vibration component values of the number k frequency multiplication vibration components of the top cover horizontal vibration guide vanes in the +X direction and the k frequency multiplication vibration component values of the number k frequency multiplication vibration components of the top cover horizontal vibration guide vanes in the +Y direction calculated in the step (2) and the step (3), the Z (k) monitoring value of the k frequency multiplication vibration components of the number k frequency multiplication vibration guide vanes of the top cover horizontal vibration guide vanes is calculated in real time, and the calculation formula is as follows: Wherein X (k) represents the k times of the number frequency vibration component value of the guide vanes of the horizontal vibration of the top cover in the +X direction, Y (k) represents the k times of the number frequency vibration component value of the guide vanes of the horizontal vibration of the top cover in the +Y direction, Z (k) represents the monitored quantity of the k times of the number frequency vibration component of the guide vanes of the horizontal vibration of the top cover, namely the synthesized quantity of the vibration in two directions; (5) According to the measured values of the temperature of the N water guide tiles obtained by the on-line monitoring system, the maximum value of the tile temperature is calculated in real time, and the calculation formula is as follows: Tmax=MAX{T1,T2,T3,...TN} wherein Tmax represents the maximum value of the temperatures of N pieces of water guide tiles, and T1-TN represent the temperatures of all the water guide tiles; (6) According to the measured values of the temperature of the N water guide tiles obtained by the on-line monitoring system, the minimum value of the tile temperature is calculated in real time, and the calculation formula is as follows: Tmin=MIN{T1,T2,T3,...TN} wherein Tmin represents the minimum value of the temperatures of the N water guide tiles, and T1-TN represent the temperatures of the water guide tiles; (7) According to the maximum value and the minimum value of the water guide shoe temperature calculated in the step (5) and the step (6), calculating the water guide shoe Wen Jicha T in real time, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: T=Tmax-Tmin wherein T represents the water guide shoe Wen Jicha, tmax represents the maximum value of the N water guide shoe temperatures, and Tmin represents the minimum value of the N water guide shoe temperatures; (8) According to the top cover horizontal vibration monitoring amount Z calculated in the step (2), the top cover horizontal vibration guide vane number k frequency multiplication vibration component Z (k) calculated in the step (4) and the water guide shoe Wen Jicha T calculated in the step (7), the following judgment is carried out by combining with the requirements of industry standard specifications: ① The number k of the top cover horizontal vibration guide vanes is multiplied by a frequency vibration component Z (k) > the monitoring quantity Z multiplied by 50% of the top cover horizontal vibration; ② The monitoring Z of the horizontal vibration of the top cover is larger than a fixed value A, wherein A represents the allowable value of the horizontal vibration of the top cover when the vertical hydroelectric generating set normally operates; ③ The water guide shoe Wen Jicha T is larger than a fixed value C, wherein C represents a water guide shoe temperature deviation allowable value when the vertical hydroelectric generating set normally operates; (9) Under the normal running condition of the unit, three conditions in the step (8) are judged in real time, and when the conditions are met simultaneously, a fault alarm signal is output; (10) And receiving a fault alarm signal, stopping in time to carry out inspection, and making maintenance treatment measures.
2. 2. The method for analyzing the uneven opening faults of the movable guide vanes of the water turbine according to claim 1, wherein the online monitoring system is an existing hydropower plant computer monitoring system and a unit state monitoring system.

Description

Method for analyzing uneven opening faults of movable guide vane of water turbine Technical Field The invention relates to a method for analyzing uneven opening faults of movable guide vanes of a water turbine, in particular to a method for automatically analyzing and monitoring faults based on collected vibration waveforms and temperature data of a water turbine generator, and belongs to the technical field of monitoring of operation states of water turbine generators. Background The guide vane is one of the most important casting and forging pieces in the water guide mechanism of the water turbine generator set and is a component for adjusting and controlling the water flow entering the rotating wheel of the water turbine, so that the guide vane is also the most basic component for controlling the stable operation of the water turbine generator set, huge hidden danger is brought to the operation of the water turbine set due to uneven opening of the guide vane, the temperature of the water turbine generator set is rapidly increased due to uneven opening of the guide vane, the water turbine generator set is stopped due to accidents, and even the equipment of the water turbine generator set is seriously damaged. However, when the uneven outlet of the guide vane is not seriously affected, the daily attention of operators is low, and due to the particularity of the position of the guide vane, the inspection of the guide vane can not be performed by operators during the running or normal shutdown of the unit, and the inspection of the guide vane is generally only performed when the guide vane is inspected. At present, no direct monitoring means exists for the uneven opening faults of the guide vanes of the water turbine, and big data analysis is carried out through human analysis or by means of a computer. The prior published patent application CN11150289A discloses a fault early warning method and a flow for the uneven opening of a movable guide vane of a water turbine, which extracts a characteristic value of vibration equipment through an intelligent algorithm module to perform fault early warning, the published patent application CN111692035B discloses a method and a flow for the uneven opening and detection of the guide vane, which also carries out fault early warning through the intelligent algorithm module to lift the characteristic value of the vibration equipment, the published two patent applications do not accurately analyze the essential problem of the uneven opening of the guide vane of the water turbine, and the computer AI autonomous learning is a commonly adopted method, but the AI autonomous learning calculation based on a black box is mostly used for general big data operation, the running data of the equipment in the water and electricity field has stronger professional and mechanical properties, and people need to be endowed with thinking and professional knowledge in more time in the data processing process. Because of the gaps in the respective professional fields, AI algorithm designers often lack actual equipment operation and maintenance experience, so that the characteristic values of conventional calculated hydropower equipment based on AI are not in line with the actual values, and finally, AI artificial intelligence cannot be widely popularized and used in hydropower equipment state overhaul. Disclosure of Invention In order to monitor the uneven fault of the movable guide vane opening of the water turbine on line in real time, at the initial stage of the fault, the fault can be found in time and an alarm signal can be sent out, and the unit accident caused by further expansion of the fault is avoided. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the method for analyzing the uneven opening faults of the movable guide vane of the water turbine comprises the following steps: (1) According to the horizontal vibration amplitude values of the top cover in the +X direction and the +Y direction obtained in real time by the on-line monitoring system, the horizontal vibration monitoring quantity Z of the top cover is calculated in real time, and the calculation formula is as follows: wherein X represents the horizontal vibration amplitude of the top cover in the +X direction, Y represents the horizontal vibration amplitude of the top cover in the +Y direction, and Z represents the horizontal vibration monitoring amount of the top cover, namely the combined amount of the vibration in the two directions; (2) According to the horizontal vibration waveform of the top cover in the +X direction obtained in real time by the on-line monitoring system, the k frequency multiplication vibration component value of the number of the guide vanes in the +X direction is calculated in real time by adopting FFT (fast Fourier transform), and the calculation formula is as follows: X(k)=FFT[x{n}]|N wherein X (k) represents the number k of frequency multiplication vibration component values of