CN-115320665-B - Wheel tread defect detection system

CN115320665BCN 115320665 BCN115320665 BCN 115320665BCN-115320665-B

Abstract

The invention provides a wheel tread defect detection system which comprises at least two detection mechanisms arranged on a single-side track, wherein the detection mechanisms are used for detecting wheel tread defects, each detection mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a positioning plate, a detection plate and an elastic assembly, the positioning plate is connected with the detection plate through a first limiting sliding assembly, the elastic assembly is positioned between the positioning plate and the detection plate, the positioning plate is connected with the bottom plate through a second limiting sliding assembly, and the detection plate is connected with the bottom plate through a third limiting sliding assembly. The invention provides a wheel tread defect detection system, which ensures the stability of the movement of a detection plate of a detection mechanism and improves the detection precision of the whole detection system.

Inventors

HE ZIMING
XU JIAN
WANG SHANSHAN
RUI JUN
Dong Zhangwu
WANG MENG

Assignees

马鞍山市雷狮轨道交通装备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20220816

Claims (10)

1. A wheel tread defect detection system, characterized by comprising at least two detection mechanisms (62) arranged on a single-side steel rail, wherein the detection mechanisms (62) are used for detecting wheel tread defects; The detection mechanism (62) comprises a bottom plate (101), a positioning plate (201), a detection plate (301) and an elastic component, wherein the positioning plate (201) is connected with the detection plate (301) through a first limiting sliding component, the elastic component is positioned between the positioning plate (201) and the detection plate (301), the positioning plate (201) is arranged on the bottom plate (101) through a second limiting sliding component, the detection plate (301) is connected with the bottom plate (101) through a third limiting sliding component, the detection mechanism further comprises a driving piece (40), the driving piece (40) is connected with the positioning plate (201) and used for driving the positioning plate (201) to lift relative to the bottom plate (101), and the driving piece (40) is arranged on one side of the bottom plate (101); The third limit sliding assembly comprises a detection fixing seat (109), an adaptive detection guide post (102) and a detection guide sleeve, wherein the detection fixing seat (109) is arranged on the bottom plate (101), the top end of the detection guide post (102) is connected with the detection fixing seat (109), the bottom end of the detection guide post is connected with the bottom plate (101), the detection guide sleeve is arranged on the detection plate (301), the detection guide post (102) is arranged in the detection guide sleeve in a penetrating mode, and when the detection plate (301) is lifted, the detection guide sleeve slides along the detection guide post (102).
2. The wheel tread defect detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a pre-detection mechanism (61) arranged on the same side rail as the detection mechanism (62), wherein the pre-detection mechanism (61) is located upstream of the detection mechanism (62) in the running direction during detection, and the pre-detection mechanism (61) is used for detecting the rim height of the wheel to be detected.
3. The wheel tread defect detection system according to claim 2, wherein the pre-inspection mechanism (61) is identical in structure to the detection mechanism (62).
4. The wheel tread defect detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance between the pre-inspection mechanism (61) and the first detection mechanism (62) is not smaller than the minimum bogie axle distance of the train to be tested.
5. The wheel tread defect detection system according to claim 2, further comprising two spaced wheel sensors (64), the wheel sensors (64) being located upstream of the pre-inspection mechanism (61) in the direction of travel during detection.
6. The wheel tread defect detection system according to claim 2, further comprising an electrical control cabinet (63), wherein the electrical control cabinet (63) is arranged beside a track, a controller, a motion control module, an analog quantity signal acquisition module and a high-speed digital quantity input/output module are arranged in the electrical control cabinet (63), the controller is connected with the motion control module, the motion control module is connected with a servo driver, the servo driver is respectively connected with a driving piece of a pre-detection mechanism and a driving piece of a detection mechanism, the controller is connected with the analog quantity signal acquisition module, the analog quantity signal acquisition module is respectively connected with a displacement sensor of the detection mechanism and a displacement sensor of the pre-detection mechanism through a transmitter, the controller is connected with the high-speed digital quantity input/output module, and the high-speed digital quantity input/output module is connected with the wheel sensor; The motion control module is used for receiving a control instruction of the controller, sending a control signal to the servo driver, and driving the detection mechanism or/and the driving piece of the pre-detection mechanism to act by the servo driver so as to drive the positioning plate to lift; the analog quantity signal acquisition module is used for acquiring analog quantity signals output by the displacement sensor, converting the analog quantity signals into digital quantity signals and transmitting the digital quantity signals to the controller through the PLC bus interface; the high-speed digital input/output module is used for receiving signals of the wheel sensor, and the signals are converted and then transmitted to the controller through the PLC bus interface.
7. The wheel tread defect detection system of claim 2, wherein the operational state of the detection system comprises a sleep state, a to-be-detected state, and a detected state; when no train passes through the detection system or the train passes through the detection system but the system starting condition is not met, the detection system is in a dormant state; when a train passes through the detection system and meets the system starting condition, the detection system enters a state to be detected from a dormant state; when the first wheel of the train passes through the pre-detection mechanism, the detection system enters a detection state from a state to be detected.
8. The wheel tread defect detection system of claim 7, wherein the detection plates of the pre-detection mechanism and the detection mechanism are both at a lowest point when the detection system is in a dormant state; When the detection system enters a state to be detected, the detection plates of the pre-detection mechanism are raised to a first preset height, and the detection plates of the detection mechanism are raised to a second preset height, wherein the first preset height is smaller than the minimum rim height of 1-2mm on the detection line, and the second preset height is an intermediate value of the rim heights of all wheels on the detection line; When the detection system is in a detection state, when a first wheel or a front wheel in a first bogie passes through the pre-detection mechanism, the pre-detection mechanism detects the rim height h1 of the first wheel or the front wheel in the first bogie, the detection plates of all the detection mechanisms are lifted to a pre-pressure position suitable for the detected rim height h1, the detection plates of all the first wheels or the first bogie pass through the detection mechanism in sequence, the detection of all the first wheels or the first bogie is completed, during the process that all the first wheels or the first bogie pass through the detection mechanism in sequence, the front wheel in a second wheel or the second bogie passes through the pre-detection mechanism, the detection plates of all the first wheels or the first bogie pass through the detection mechanism, the detection plates of all the detection mechanisms are lifted to a measurement position suitable for the detected rim height h2, and the detection of all the second wheels or the second bogie pass through the detection mechanism in sequence, the pre-pressure of all the first wheels or the second bogie pass through the detection mechanism in sequence, and the pre-pressure of all the first wheels or the second bogie pass through the detection mechanism in sequence is completed.
9. The wheel tread defect detection system according to claim 7, wherein when the detection system is in the detection state from the state to be detected or when the detection system is in the detection state, if the operation time of the pre-detection mechanism or the detection mechanism exceeds a preset time threshold, the pre-detection mechanism and all detection mechanisms on the same side as the overtime pre-detection mechanism or the detection mechanism stop working.
10. The wheel tread defect detection system of claim 9, wherein the detection system activates a three-level protection mechanism when the detection system is in a detection state, the three-level protection mechanism comprising a first level of protection, a second level of protection, and a third level of protection; The first-stage protection, the lifting of the detection plate of the pre-detection mechanism or the detection mechanism can only be within the range limited by the servo soft seat mark; a limit switch is added outside the coordinate range of the servo software in the second-stage protection, and when the lifting range of the detection plate of the pre-detection mechanism and the detection mechanism breaks through the range of the first-stage protection and is not stopped, the limit switch limits the lifting range of the detection plate of the pre-detection mechanism or the detection mechanism; And the third-stage protection, when the first-stage protection and the second-stage protection are failed or the lifting breakthrough of the detection plate of the pre-detection mechanism or the detection mechanism is not stopped, the detection plate of the pre-detection mechanism or the detection mechanism is lifted to the mechanical hard limit, the driving force for driving the lifting of the detection plate of the pre-detection mechanism or the detection mechanism can not break through the mechanical hard limit, the system gives out fault information, and all the pre-detection mechanisms and the detection mechanisms at the side where the fault is located stop working.

Description

Wheel tread defect detection system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit detection tools, in particular to a wheel tread defect detection system. Background The tread of the wheel is extremely easy to scratch, peel, grind and pile and other faults in the running process, so that extra impact force can be generated on the steel rail, the service life of the steel rail is reduced, and cracks and fractures can be caused when the service life of the steel rail is serious. The scratch fault also brings impact to the vehicle itself while striking the rail, generates vibration, and has damage to the vehicle bearings. Therefore, detection of defects such as abrasion and radial jump of the tread of the wheel has important significance for ensuring safe running of the train. At present, most detection devices adopt a contact method to dynamically detect defects such as radial runout, tread wear and the like of train wheels on line. In order to guarantee that the prepressing amount of the detection plate is the same when detecting different wheels, chinese patent with patent number ZL2018220585971 discloses a height adjusting device for a contact method wheel tread defect detection pedal, which comprises a driving plate, a sliding rail mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving plate is driven to move up and down through the driving mechanism, so that the pedal is driven to move up and down together, the initial height of the pedal can be adjusted, and the detection requirements of wheels with different rims are met. But the driving plate is connected with the bottom plate only through the driving mechanism, when the driving mechanism drives the driving plate to adjust the height of the pedal, the rollover of the driving plate and the pedal is easy to occur, and when the pedal is pressed down to move downwards under the wheels in the detection process, the rollover of the pedal is easy to occur. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a wheel tread defect detection system, which ensures the stability of the movement of a detection plate of a detection mechanism and improves the detection precision of the whole detection system. In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a wheel tread defect detection system, which comprises at least two detection mechanisms arranged on a single-side steel rail, wherein the detection mechanisms are used for detecting wheel tread defects; The detection mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a positioning plate, a detection plate and an elastic component, wherein the positioning plate is connected with the detection plate through a first limiting sliding component, the elastic component is positioned between the positioning plate and the detection plate, the positioning plate is arranged on the bottom plate through a second limiting sliding component, and the detection plate is connected with the bottom plate through a third limiting sliding component. As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the device also comprises a pre-detection mechanism which is arranged on the steel rail on the same side as the detection mechanism, wherein the pre-detection mechanism is positioned at the upstream of the detection mechanism in the driving direction during detection, and the pre-detection mechanism is used for detecting the rim height of the wheel to be detected. As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the pre-detection mechanism and the detection mechanism have the same structure. As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the pre-detection mechanism and the first detection mechanism is not smaller than the minimum bogie axle distance of the train to be detected. As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the device also comprises two wheel sensors which are arranged at intervals, wherein the wheel sensors are positioned at the upstream of the pre-detection mechanism in the driving direction during detection. As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the invention also comprises an electrical control cabinet which is arranged beside the track; the electric appliance control cabinet is internally provided with a controller, a motion control module, an analog quantity signal acquisition module and a high-speed digital quantity input and output module, wherein the controller is connected with the motion control module, the motion control module is connected with a servo driver, the servo driver is respectively connected with a driving piece of a pre-detection mechanism and a driving piece of a detection mechanism, the controller is connected with the analog quantity signal acquisition module, the analog quantity signal acquisition module is respectively connected with a displacement sensor of the detection mechanism and a displacement sensor of the pre