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CN-115450095-B - Self-propelled milling machine with machine frame and conveyor for removing material

CN115450095BCN 115450095 BCN115450095 BCN 115450095BCN-115450095-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-propelled milling machine, in particular a road milling machine or a surface miner, having a machine frame supported by a running gear, a working device arranged on the machine frame for working the ground, and a conveyor for removing material. The conveyor has a cantilever arm mounted on the machine frame so as to pivot about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the machine frame. The pivoting device for the cantilever is characterized by at least one mechanism having a plurality of mechanism links and joints connecting them and at least one linear drive for driving the at least one mechanism link. The mechanism is preferably designed as a planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism, the machine frame forming the mechanism links of the pivot joint mechanism. A particularly preferred embodiment provides that the pivot device has a first and a second four-bar pivot joint mechanism which are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to a longitudinal center plane of the machine frame.

Inventors

  • SCHOENEBECK WINFRIED VON
  • SCHWIPPERT SASCHA

Assignees

  • 维特根有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20220608
Priority Date
20210608

Claims (19)

  1. 1. A self-propelled milling machine having a machine frame (4) supported by a travelling mechanism (6 a,6 b), a working device (5) arranged on the machine frame (4) for working on the ground, and a conveyor (12) for removing material, wherein the conveyor (12) has a cantilever (13) and a pivoting device (16) for pivoting the cantilever (13), the cantilever (13) being mounted on the machine frame (4) so as to pivot about a rotation axis (X) which is substantially perpendicular to the machine frame, wherein the pivoting device (16) comprises at least one linear drive (17 a,17 b); the method is characterized in that: The pivoting device (16) comprises at least one mechanism having a plurality of mechanism links (101, 102, 103, 104;101', 102', 103', 104') and joints (A, B, C, D) connecting them and at least one linear drive (17A, 17B) for driving the at least one mechanism link, the at least one mechanism of the pivoting device being designed as a planar four-link pivoting joint mechanism (16A, 16B), wherein the machine frame (4) forms a fourth mechanism link (104, 104 ') of the pivoting joint mechanism, the first planar four-link pivoting joint mechanism (16A) and the second planar four-link pivoting joint mechanism (16B) having a first mechanism link (101, 101'), one end of the first mechanism link (101, 101 ') being hinged to the machine frame (4) by means of the first joint (A), the other end of the first mechanism link (101, 101') being hinged to one end of the second mechanism link (102, 102 ') by means of the second joint (B), the other end of the second mechanism link (102, 102') being hinged to the other end of the machine frame (103, 103 ') by means of the third joint (103, 103') being hinged to the other end of the machine frame (4).
  2. 2. The self-propelled milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivoting device (16) has a first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A) and a second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B), wherein the first and second pivot joint mechanisms are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the machine frame (4).
  3. 3. The self-propelled milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a first linear drive (17A) is provided, which has a first piston/cylinder arrangement (18), the cylinder (18B) of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) being hinged at one end to one of the mechanism links of the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A), the piston (18A) of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) being hinged at one end to the machine frame (4), or the cylinder (18B) of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) being hinged at one end to the machine frame (4), the piston (18A) of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) being hinged at one end to one of the mechanism links of the first four-bar pivot joint mechanism, and A second linear drive (17B) is provided having a second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 '), the cylinder (18B ') of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 ') being hinged at one end to one of the mechanism links of the second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B), the piston (18A ') of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 ') being hinged at one end to the machine frame (4), or the cylinder (18B ') of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 ') being hinged at one end to the machine frame (4), the piston (18A ') of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 ') being hinged at one end to one of the mechanism links of the second four-bar pivot joint mechanism.
  4. 4. A self-propelled milling machine according to claim 3, characterised in that the piston or cylinder of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) is hinged at one end to the second mechanism link (102) of the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A), and The piston or cylinder of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 ') is hinged at one end to a second mechanism link (102') of a second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B).
  5. 5. The self-propelled milling machine of claim 4, wherein the second mechanism link (102) of the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A) has a flange (102A), on which flange (102A) the piston or cylinder of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) is hinged at one end to the second mechanism link (102) of the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A), and The second mechanism link (102 ') of the second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B) has a flange (102A '), on which flange (102A ') the piston or cylinder of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 ') is hinged at one end to the second mechanism link (102 ') of the second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B).
  6. 6. The self-propelled milling machine of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first mechanism links (101, 101 ') of the first and second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanisms (16A, 16B) are formed by one flat bar and the second mechanism links (102, 102') of the first and second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanisms (16A, 16B) are formed by two spaced apart flat bars, wherein one end of the bar of the first mechanism link (101, 101 ') is rotatably mounted between the ends of the two bars of the second mechanism link (102, 102').
  7. 7. The self-propelled milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the third mechanism links (103, 103') of the first and second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanisms (16A, 16B) are constituted by brackets (15) provided on the cantilever (13), wherein the brackets (15) are mounted on the machine frame (4) so as to pivot about a rotation axis (X) lying in the longitudinal centre plane of the machine frame (4).
  8. 8. A self-propelled milling machine according to any of the claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the angle α enclosed by the first (18) and second (18') piston/cylinder arrangements is between 40 ° and 80 ° when the boom (13) is not pivoted.
  9. 9. The self-propelled milling machine according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the angle α enclosed by the first mechanism links (101, 101') of the first (16A) and second (16B) planar four-bar pivot joint mechanisms is between 30 ° and 50 ° when the boom (13) is not pivoted.
  10. 10. The self-propelled milling machine of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A) and the second mechanism link (102, 102') of the second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B) enclose an angle a between 70 ° and 110 ° when the boom is not pivoted.
  11. 11. The self-propelled milling machine of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first joints (A, A') of the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A) and the second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B) are positioned spaced apart from each other within a transverse plane of the machine frame (4), the transverse plane of the machine frame (4) being perpendicular to the longitudinal center plane.
  12. 12. The self-propelled milling machine of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the third joints (C, C') of the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A) and the second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B) form a common joint.
  13. 13. A self-propelled milling machine according to any of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the milling machine has a hydraulic unit (20) for actuating the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) and the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 '), which hydraulic unit (20) is designed such that in a first operating mode the piston (18A) of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) is extended and the piston (18A') of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18 ') is retracted, whereby the boom (13) is pivoted to one side, and in a second operating mode the piston (18A) of the first piston/cylinder arrangement (18) is retracted and the piston (18A') of the second piston/cylinder arrangement (18) is extended, whereby the boom (13) is pivoted to the other side.
  14. 14. Self-propelled milling machine according to claim 13, characterized in that an operating unit (11) is provided which interacts with the hydraulic unit (20) and has at least one operating element (11A), the operating element (11A) interacting with the hydraulic unit (20) such that the at least one operating element (11A) assumes a first position for pivoting the boom (13) in one direction and a second position for pivoting the boom (13) in the other direction.
  15. 15. Self-propelled milling machine according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the cantilever (13) is provided with a conveyor belt (35).
  16. 16. The self-propelled milling machine of claim 1, wherein the self-propelled milling machine is a road milling machine or an open pit miner.
  17. 17. The self-propelled milling machine according to claim 8, wherein the angle α enclosed by the first (18) and second (18') piston/cylinder arrangements is between 50 ° and 70 ° when the boom (13) is not pivoted.
  18. 18. The self-propelled milling machine according to claim 9, wherein the angle α enclosed by the first mechanism links (101, 101') of the first (16A) and second (16B) planar four-bar pivot joint mechanisms is between 20 ° and 40 ° when the boom (13) is not pivoted.
  19. 19. The self-propelled milling machine of claim 10, wherein the first planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16A) and the second mechanism link (102, 102') of the second planar four-bar pivot joint mechanism (16B) enclose an angle a between 80 ° and 100 ° when the boom is not pivoted.

Description

Self-propelled milling machine with machine frame and conveyor for removing material Technical Field The invention relates to a self-propelled milling machine, in particular a road milling machine or a surface miner, comprising a height-adjustable machine frame supported by a running gear, a working device arranged on the machine frame for working on the ground, and a conveyor for removing material. Background Known self-propelled milling machines generally have a machine frame supported by a chassis having a plurality of crawler travel devices. Self-propelled milling machines are known which have a working device for working on the ground, for example a working device for removing damaged road layers (road milling machine) or for mining mineral resources (surface miner). The working device of road milling machines and surface miner has milling drums arranged on a machine frame. The individual travelling gear units of the road milling machine and the surface miner are assigned lifting devices comprising a piston/cylinder arrangement in order to be able to lower, raise or tilt the machine frame together with the milling drum relative to the ground (soil surface). For transporting milled or mined material, road milling machines and surface miners have a conveyor with a cantilever arm pivotable to both sides and with an endless conveyor belt, so that loose material (bulk material) can fall onto the loading surface of a mobile transport vehicle (truck) moving with the milling machine during operation of the milling machine. The boom of a road milling machine typically has a bracket that is mounted on the machine frame so as to pivot about an axis of rotation that is substantially perpendicular to the machine frame. A pivoting device driven by a drive unit is provided for pivoting a cantilever. Typically, an operating unit is provided on which the position of the boom can be adjusted by the machine operator. However, auxiliary systems are also known that protect the machine operator from this task. The machine operator should be able to easily and accurately adjust the angle of the boom, and the boom should have sufficient pivot range to safely dump material onto the loading surface of the truck. WO 01/31301 A1 describes a road milling machine with a conveyor with a pivotable boom. The pivoting device comprises a piston/cylinder arrangement, the piston of which is hinged to the bracket of the boom and the cylinder of which is hinged to the machine frame. The bracket is pivoted by moving the piston in and out. WO 2014/029824 A1 discloses a road milling machine with a pivoting device for a boom, which has two piston/cylinder arrangements, one arranged on one side of the longitudinal center plane of the machine frame and the other arranged on the other side of the longitudinal center plane of the machine frame. The above-described pivoting device for a road milling machine has a simple structure. However, a disadvantage is that the torque applied by the piston/cylinder arrangement that applies a constant force is not substantially constant throughout the pivot range. The torque is greatest in the minimum deflection range and smallest in the maximum deflection range. Due to the high torque, the size of the piston/cylinder arrangement must be large enough, resulting in higher costs, greater weight, and greater space requirements. U.S. Pat. No. 5,178,253 A1 describes a pivot device for a milling machine, which has a first piston/cylinder arrangement on one side of the longitudinal center plane of the machine frame and a second piston/cylinder arrangement on the other side of the longitudinal center plane of the machine frame, the cylinders of the first and second piston/cylinder arrangements being articulated to the machine frame. The piston of each piston/cylinder arrangement is hinged to one end of a mechanism link and the other end of the mechanism link is hinged to the cantilever. The cantilever pivots to one side when the piston of the first piston/cylinder arrangement is retracted and to the other side when the piston of the second piston/cylinder arrangement is retracted. When the piston of one piston/cylinder arrangement is retracted, the piston of the other piston/cylinder arrangement is pulled out of the cylinder. Thus, only one of the two piston/cylinder arrangements applies a pulling force. Since one piston/cylinder arrangement is not supported by another piston/cylinder arrangement, the piston/cylinder arrangement and the associated hydraulic device must be of sufficient size to be able to apply the required force. Disclosure of Invention The object of the present invention is to improve the pivoting device of the conveyor of a self-propelled milling machine. It is an object of the invention, inter alia, to simplify the operation of the pivoting device, so that the position of the boom can be set easily and accurately by the machine operator. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the feat