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CN-115541005-B - Harmonic howling evaluation method, system and electronic equipment

CN115541005BCN 115541005 BCN115541005 BCN 115541005BCN-115541005-B

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of motor noise evaluation, in particular to a harmonic howling evaluation method, a harmonic howling evaluation system and electronic equipment. When the method is used, after the vibration test characteristic points are determined according to the driving motor, a limit value calculation prototype for evaluating harmonic howling is determined from a plurality of vehicles with motor howling in a critical receiving state, a bench vibration test is carried out on the limit value calculation prototype, and the vibration equivalent limit value at the vibration test characteristic point position is reversely deduced according to vibration data obtained through the test. When the motor is produced, the motor is detected in a offline mode, vibration data of vibration testing feature points are collected, order vibration equivalent is calculated according to the measured data, the vibration equivalent is compared with a vibration equivalent limit value, and the motor with excessive howling is avoided. The vibration equivalent limit value obtained by the back-pushing method is accurate and reliable, does not need a special noise detection environment, simplifies the test flow and improves the production efficiency.

Inventors

  • YANG WENYUAN

Assignees

  • 北京三一智能电机有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20221031

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A harmonic howling evaluation method, comprising the steps of: determining vibration test characteristic points on a shell of the driving motor, wherein vibration acceleration sensors are arranged at a plurality of vibration test points on the shell of the driving motor; The method comprises the steps of determining vibration test characteristic points on a shell of a driving motor, controlling the driving motor to accelerate in an allowable rotating speed range under various motor working conditions, acquiring a plurality of first time domain signals of the rotating speed of the driving motor under various motor working conditions, acquiring a second time domain signal of vibration acceleration of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions respectively, acquiring first harmonic order vibration of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions according to the first time domain signals and the second time domain signals, acquiring first order vibration equivalent of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions according to the first harmonic order vibration, acquiring first order vibration equivalent of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions, acquiring first average value of first order vibration equivalent of all vibration test points under various motor working conditions according to all first order vibration equivalent of all vibration acceleration sensors under various motor working conditions, acquiring first order average value of each vibration test point under various motor working conditions, and determining first order average value and first average value difference of vibration difference; Selecting a plurality of sample vehicles with motor squeal in a critical receiving state based on the vibration test characteristic points, respectively and correspondingly arranging vibration acceleration sensors at the vibration test characteristic points of driving motor prototypes of the plurality of sample vehicles, determining a limit value calculation prototype for evaluating harmonic squeal, detecting squeal harmonic order vibration of the limit value calculation prototype running in an allowable rotating speed range by adopting a test bench, and determining a vibration equivalent limit value; And detecting howling harmonic order vibration of the driving motor to be detected in an allowable rotating speed range by adopting the test bench based on the vibration test characteristic points, determining the vibration equivalent of the driving motor to be detected, acquiring a specified rotating speed range, and determining whether the harmonic howling of the driving motor exceeds the standard according to the vibration equivalent of the driving motor to be detected and the vibration equivalent limit value in the specified rotating speed range.
  2. 2. The method for evaluating harmonic howling according to claim 1, wherein the selecting a plurality of sample vehicles with motor howling in a critical receiving state based on the vibration test feature points, arranging vibration acceleration sensors at the vibration test feature points of the driving motor prototypes of the plurality of sample vehicles, determining a limit value calculation prototype for evaluating the harmonic howling, and detecting howling harmonic order vibration of the limit value calculation prototype operating in an allowable rotation speed range by using a test bench, wherein the determining the vibration equivalent limit value comprises: Respectively acquiring first vibration data of vibration test feature points of each driving motor prototype in a whole vehicle state; determining a limit value calculation prototype according to a plurality of first vibration data; acquiring second vibration data at the vibration test feature point position of the limit value calculation prototype, and And obtaining the vibration equivalent limit value in the allowable rotating speed range according to the second vibration data.
  3. 3. The method for evaluating harmonic howling according to claim 1, wherein the selecting a plurality of sample vehicles with motor howling in a critical receiving state based on the vibration test feature points, arranging vibration acceleration sensors at the vibration test feature points of the driving motor prototypes of the plurality of sample vehicles, determining a limit value calculation prototype for evaluating the harmonic howling, and detecting howling harmonic order vibration of the limit value calculation prototype operating in an allowable rotation speed range by using a test bench, wherein the determining the vibration equivalent limit value comprises: obtaining subjective evaluation of howling of a plurality of motors of a plurality of randomly selected vehicles, and And selecting a plurality of sample vehicles from the plurality of vehicles according to a preset evaluation standard.
  4. 4. The harmonic howling evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein, The step of respectively obtaining the first vibration data of the vibration test characteristic points of each driving motor prototype in the whole vehicle state comprises the following steps: Controlling each driving motor model machine to accelerate in the allowable rotating speed range; acquiring a third time domain signal of the motor rotation speed of each driving motor prototype, and Acquiring a fourth time domain signal of vibration acceleration of the vibration acceleration sensor on each driving motor prototype; wherein said determining a limit computation prototype from a plurality of said first vibration data comprises: obtaining second harmonic order vibration corresponding to each driving motor prototype according to the third time domain signal and the fourth time domain signal; Obtaining second-order vibration equivalent corresponding to each driving motor prototype according to the second-harmonic-order vibration; obtaining a second average value of the second order vibration equivalents of all the driving motor prototypes according to the second order vibration equivalents of all the driving motor prototypes, and obtaining a second average difference of the second order vibration equivalents of each driving motor prototype, and And determining the limit value calculation prototype according to the second average value and the second deviation average difference.
  5. 5. The harmonic howling evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein a vibration acceleration sensor is provided at a vibration test feature point on a housing of the limit value calculation prototype; the obtaining the second vibration data at the vibration test characteristic point position of the limit value calculation prototype comprises the following steps: controlling the limit value calculation prototype to accelerate in the allowable rotating speed range; obtaining a fifth time domain signal of the motor rotation speed of the limit value calculation model machine, and Acquiring a sixth time domain signal of vibration acceleration of the vibration acceleration sensor at a vibration test characteristic point position of the limit value calculation prototype; The obtaining the vibration equivalent limit value in the allowable rotation speed range according to the second vibration data comprises the following steps: Obtaining third harmonic order vibration of the limit value calculation prototype in the allowable rotation speed range according to the fifth time domain signal and the sixth time domain signal, and And obtaining the vibration equivalent limit value of the limit value calculation prototype in the allowable rotating speed range according to the third harmonic order vibration.
  6. 6. The harmonic howling evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein a vibration acceleration sensor is provided at a vibration test feature point on a housing of the drive motor to be tested; The detecting, based on the vibration test feature points, howling harmonic order vibration of the driving motor to be tested in the allowable rotation speed range by using the test bench, and determining vibration equivalent of the driving motor to be tested includes: controlling the driving motor to be tested to accelerate within the allowable rotating speed range; acquiring a seventh time domain signal of the motor rotating speed of the driving motor to be detected; acquiring an eighth time domain signal of vibration acceleration of the vibration acceleration sensor on the driving motor to be detected; Obtaining fourth harmonic order vibration of the driving motor to be tested in the allowable rotating speed range according to the seventh time domain signal and the eighth time domain signal, and And obtaining fourth-order vibration equivalent corresponding to the driving motor to be tested according to the fourth-harmonic-order vibration.
  7. 7. The harmonic howling evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The allowable rotation speed range is 100 rpm-3000 rpm.
  8. 8. A motor reject determination system, comprising: the vibration test characteristic point measuring module is configured to determine vibration test characteristic points on a shell of the driving motor, wherein vibration acceleration sensors are arranged at a plurality of vibration test points on the shell of the driving motor; The vibration test characteristic point measuring module is specifically configured to control the driving motor to accelerate in an allowable rotating speed range under various motor working conditions, obtain a plurality of first time domain signals of the motor rotating speed of the driving motor under various motor working conditions, respectively obtain a second time domain signal of vibration acceleration of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions, obtain first harmonic order vibration of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions according to the first time domain signals and the second time domain signals, obtain first order vibration equivalent of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions according to the first harmonic order vibration, obtain first order vibration equivalent of each vibration acceleration sensor under various motor working conditions, obtain first average value of the first order vibration equivalent of all vibration test points under various motor working conditions, and obtain first average value and difference of the first vibration average value and the first average value of the difference of the vibration test; The vibration equivalent limit value calculation module is in communication connection with the vibration test characteristic point measurement module and is configured to select a plurality of sample vehicles with motor howling in a critical receiving state based on the vibration test characteristic points, respectively and correspondingly arrange vibration acceleration sensors at the vibration test characteristic points of the driving motor prototypes of the plurality of sample vehicles, determine a limit value calculation prototype for evaluating harmonic howling, and detect howling harmonic order vibration of the limit value calculation prototype running in an allowable rotating speed range by adopting a test bench to determine a vibration equivalent limit value; the test module is in communication connection with the vibration equivalent limit value calculation module and is configured to detect howling harmonic order vibration of the driving motor to be tested within the allowable rotating speed range by adopting the test bench based on the vibration test characteristic points to determine the vibration equivalent of the driving motor to be tested, and The qualification judging module is in communication connection with the testing module and is configured to acquire a specified rotating speed range and determine whether harmonic howling of the driving motor exceeds a standard according to the vibration equivalent value and the vibration equivalent limit value of the driving motor to be tested in the specified rotating speed range.
  9. 9. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: processor, and A memory for storing the processor-executable instructions; Wherein the processor is configured to perform the harmonic howling evaluation method of any of the preceding claims 1 to 7.

Description

Harmonic howling evaluation method, system and electronic equipment Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of motor noise evaluation, in particular to a harmonic howling evaluation method, a harmonic howling evaluation system and electronic equipment. Background Under the working condition of high rotating speed and high load, the permanent magnet synchronous driving motor for the vehicle has large contribution to the vibration noise of the whole vehicle, and is easy to generate serious howling, thereby causing complaints of users of the whole vehicle. Therefore, after the motor assembly is completed, the noise characteristics of the motor need to be measured on the off-line detection rack to evaluate the squeaking sound thereof. The offline detection test bed is positioned in a production workshop with large environmental background noise, and the noise is difficult to quantitatively evaluate directly. For the body vibration of the motor generating radiation noise, there are mainly the shell vibration caused by radial electromagnetic force, the local vibration caused by tangential electromagnetic force of the tooth tip of the stator, the mechanical vibration caused by unbalanced mechanical force, the vibration caused by unbalanced magnetic tension, and the core vibration caused by magnetostriction. The motor squeal, which is commonly referred to in the art, is mainly caused by radial electromagnetic force caused by motor harmonic waves, so that a casing, an end cover and the like vibrate, and noise is generated by radiation. The radial force of the motor presents space periodic distribution on the circumference of the motor tooth top, and the radial force of a certain point on the tooth periodically fluctuates in time. The electromagnetic force with the same spatial distribution form and the shell mode form is the electromagnetic force which is most easy to cause resonance, and even if the resonance state is not reached, the amplitude of forced vibration is much larger than that when the forms are not matched. Under the condition that the rigidity of the iron core and the rigidity of the shell of the motor are the same, the amplitude of the vibration acceleration of the motor are in direct proportion to the electromagnetic force, and the amplitude of the vibration acceleration of the motor is in inverse proportion to the 4 th power of the electric excitation space order. Therefore, the larger the electromagnetic exciting force of the driving permanent magnet synchronous motor is, the lower the space order is, and the larger the vibration acceleration of the motor surface is. When an integer slot (Q s) winding motor with a large number of poles (2 p) is adopted, the non-zero minimum space order (GCD (2 p, Q s)) of electromagnetic force is high, and 0-order radial electromagnetic force waves become a main contribution source for motor shell vibration. The time harmonic (Q s times of the mechanical rotation frequency of the motor) generated by the interaction of the armature reaction magnetic field tooth harmonic and the rotor magnetic potential tooth harmonic is the most main time harmonic in the space 0-order radial electromagnetic wave. When the rotating speed of the motor rises to a certain value, the 0-order radial force wave excites the breathing mode of the motor shell, and resonance is caused. This "breathing" resonance can be the dominant source of squeal noise throughout the entire operating range of the motor. In order to reduce the production of motors with excessive howling, currently, whether the motor has obvious howling and abnormal sound is mainly heard through the ears of an inspector. Under the masking effect of the background noise of the noisy environment of the production line, the motor whistle is difficult to accurately evaluate only by hearing, and quantitative analysis cannot be performed. Therefore, in the art, how to evaluate the howling of the motor, and avoid excessive howling and excessive defective product output is a technical problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the application provides a harmonic howling evaluation method, a harmonic howling evaluation system and an electronic device, which can evaluate motor howling more scientifically from the aspect of data testing so as to avoid excessive howling and excessive defective product output. The method for evaluating the harmonic howling comprises the steps of determining vibration test characteristic points on a shell of a driving motor, selecting a plurality of sample vehicles with motor howling in a critical receiving state based on the vibration test characteristic points, respectively arranging vibration acceleration sensors correspondingly at the vibration test characteristic points of a driving motor model machine of the sample vehicles, determining a limit value calculation model machine for evaluating the harmonic howling, detecting howling harmonic order vibratio