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CN-115548376-B - Safety protection device and method for hydrogen pressure reducing valve group

CN115548376BCN 115548376 BCN115548376 BCN 115548376BCN-115548376-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety protection device and method for a hydrogen pressure reducing valve group, and belongs to the field of pneumatic pressure reducing valve devices. The device comprises a self-operated pressure reducing valve and an overpressure regulating device, wherein a plurality of self-operated pressure reducing valves are sequentially connected in series along the airflow direction to realize multi-stage pressure reduction, a pressure reducing outlet runner of the last-stage self-operated pressure reducing valve is connected with the overpressure regulating device, the overpressure regulating device comprises an overpressure regulating valve body, an overpressure regulating valve cover, a first overpressure regulating actuator and a second overpressure regulating actuator, and can realize automatic valve back pressure regulation under the overpressure working condition and overpressure early warning. The invention can realize overpressure regulation and control, can realize stable pressure after the regulating valve in large dynamic fluctuation, prevents instant overpressure locking working condition from occurring, and prevents the condition that the fuel cell automobile loses power.

Inventors

  • QIAN JINYUAN
  • YU LONGJIE
  • LI WENQING
  • JIN ZHIJIANG

Assignees

  • 浙江大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20220919

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The safety protection device of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve group is characterized by comprising self-operated pressure reducing valves and an overpressure regulating device (III), wherein a plurality of self-operated pressure reducing valves are sequentially connected in series along the air flow direction to realize multistage pressure reduction, and a pressure reducing outlet runner (4) of the final stage self-operated pressure reducing valve is connected with the overpressure regulating device (III); The overpressure regulating device (III) comprises an overpressure regulating valve body, an overpressure regulating valve cover (38), a first overpressure regulating actuator (26) and a second overpressure regulating actuator (34), wherein the top of the overpressure regulating valve body is communicated with a pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4) through a regulating hole, the first overpressure regulating actuator (26) is arranged inside the overpressure regulating valve body, the first overpressure regulating actuator (26) is of a stepped columnar structure and comprises a first cylinder with a smaller diameter and a second cylinder with a larger diameter, the top of the first cylinder is positioned in the regulating hole and can extend into the pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4) through the regulating hole to regulate the throttle area, a first overpressure regulating spring (30) is sleeved outside the second cylinder, a piezoelectric sensor (32) is arranged at the bottom of the second cylinder, one end of the first overpressure regulating spring (30) is fixed on the top inner wall of the overpressure regulating valve body, the other end of the first overpressure regulating spring is fixed on the second cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder can provide elastic force in the vertical direction, the pressure reducing outlet (4) is not communicated with a pressure stabilizing cavity (6) in the overpressure regulating valve body through a second sealing rubber gasket (27), the pressure stabilizing cavity (6) can be communicated with the pressure stabilizing cavity (34) in the vertical direction through the setting of the second sealing rubber gasket (27) to perform the first overpressure regulating valve body in the vertical direction through the first pressure regulating valve (31), the stress contact area between the second overpressure regulating actuator (34) and the piezoelectric sensor (32) is larger than the area of the top of the first cylinder, the second overpressure regulating actuator (34) is located in the overpressure regulating valve cover (38), the overpressure regulating valve cover (38) is connected with the bottom of the overpressure regulating valve body in a sealing mode and forms a feedback regulating cavity, the feedback regulating cavity is communicated with the pressure reducing outlet flow channel (4) through the overpressure regulating feedback flow channel (5), the communicating position of the feedback regulating channel and the pressure reducing outlet flow channel (4) is located in front of the regulating hole, a second overpressure regulating spring (40) capable of providing elastic force in the vertical direction is arranged at the bottom of the second overpressure regulating actuator (34), one end of the second overpressure regulating spring (40) is fixed at the bottom of the second overpressure regulating actuator (34), the other end of the second overpressure regulating spring (40) is fixed at the inner bottom of the overpressure regulating valve cover (38), and a third sealing rubber gasket (35) is arranged between the second overpressure regulating actuator (34) above the second overpressure regulating spring (40) and the bottom of the overpressure regulating valve body, and the feedback regulating cavity are not communicated with each other.
  2. 2. The safety protection device for a hydrogen pressure reducing valve group according to claim 1, wherein the first cylinder does not extend into the pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4) in an initial state.
  3. 3. The safety protection device for the hydrogen pressure reducing valve set according to claim 1, wherein the top of the first cylinder is of a spherical structure, and the diameter of the first cylinder is slightly smaller than the diameter of the adjusting hole.
  4. 4. The safety protection device for a hydrogen pressure reducing valve set according to claim 1, wherein the overpressure regulating device (III) and all self-operated pressure reducing valves are arranged in the same valve body.
  5. 5. The safety protection device for the hydrogen pressure reducing valve group according to claim 1, wherein the first cylinder is provided with external threads, the second sealing rubber gasket (27) is of an annular structure with a central opening, the first cylinder penetrates through the central opening and tightly seals the inner ring of the second sealing rubber gasket (27) on the top of the second cylinder through a second gland (28) with internal threads, the second gland (28) is circumferentially provided with an annular pressure sleeve (29) fixed on an overpressure regulating valve body, the first cylinder stretches into the regulating hole through the opening in the middle of the pressure sleeve (29), and the pressure sleeve (29) tightly seals the outer ring of the second sealing rubber gasket (27) on the inner top of the overpressure regulating valve body.
  6. 6. The safety protection device for the hydrogen pressure reducing valve group according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the second cylinder is provided with a second valve disc in a circumferential extending manner, and the first overpressure regulating spring (30) is received by the second valve disc and has one end fixed to the second valve disc.
  7. 7. The safety protection device for the hydrogen pressure reducing valve group according to claim 1, wherein a second pressure plate (33) located above and a third pressure plate (39) located below are connected to the bottom of the second overpressure regulating actuator (34) through threads, an inner ring of an annular third sealing rubber gasket (35) is tightly pressed and sealed between the second pressure plate (33) and the third pressure plate (39), and an outer ring of the third sealing rubber gasket (35) is tightly pressed and sealed on the bottom surface of the overpressure regulating valve body through a pressing ring.
  8. 8. The safety protection device of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve group according to claim 1, wherein the overpressure regulating valve cover (38) is connected with the bottom of the overpressure regulating valve body in a sealing way through an annular gasket (37).
  9. 9. A decompression method using the hydrogen decompression valve group safety protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: When the device works normally, the pressure of the gas flowing out of the final-stage self-operated pressure reducing valve is smaller than a set value, the first column does not extend into the pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4), and the gas flows out of the pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4) after being sequentially reduced by the multi-stage self-operated pressure reducing valve; When the pressure of gas flowing out of the final self-operated pressure reducing valve is greater than or equal to a set value in abnormal overpressure working, part of gas in the pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4) enters the feedback regulating cavity through the feedback regulating channel and generates upward acting force on the second overpressure regulating actuator (34), the pressure in the pressure regulating cavity (6) is lower than the pressure in the feedback regulating cavity due to the fact that the pressure regulating cavity (6) is communicated with the atmosphere, the second overpressure regulating actuator (34) gradually moves upwards and presses the piezoelectric sensor (32), the piezoelectric sensor (32) carries out abnormal alarm, and because the stressed contact area between the second overpressure regulating actuator (34) and the piezoelectric sensor (32) is larger than the area of the top of the first cylinder, the second overpressure regulating actuator (34) further drives the first overpressure regulating actuator (26) to move upwards through the piezoelectric sensor (32), the top of the first cylinder stretches into the pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4) through the regulating hole, and the throttling area in the pressure reducing outlet flow passage (4) is changed to realize pressure reduction.
  10. 10. The decompression method according to claim 9, wherein the self-operated decompression valve comprises a primary self-operated decompression valve and a secondary self-operated decompression valve which are arranged along the airflow direction, and in normal operation, the primary self-operated decompression valve can decompress gas to 1.5-2.5 MPa, and the secondary self-operated decompression valve can decompress gas to 0.1-0.3 MPa.

Description

Safety protection device and method for hydrogen pressure reducing valve group Technical Field The invention relates to the field of pneumatic pressure reducing valve devices, in particular to a safety protection device and method for a hydrogen pressure reducing valve group with a fault locking function. Background In the hydrogen energy related industry, hydrogen fuel cells have the most promising front view. The high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle stores hydrogen (35-70 MPa) which is the most main hydrogen storage mode of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile, the pressure application range of the fuel cell is about 0.1-0.3 MPa, and the pressure reducing effect is ensured to be stable under the condition of wide-range inlet pressure fluctuation of hydrogen, so that the method has important significance for safe and reliable use of the hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve plays a key role as a pressure reducing component, generates a throttling effect when passing through a narrow section, increases the temperature of hydrogen, reduces the pressure, can adjust the flow and outlet pressure of the hydrogen by adjusting the area of the narrow section, and reduces the pressure to the pressure application range of the fuel cell through multistage pressure reduction. If the primary or secondary outlet pressure rises by itself and exceeds a certain allowable value due to damage of the spring or the diaphragm or other reasons, the overpressure also has two conditions of small-amplitude overpressure and lasting overpressure according to the different occurrence conditions. However, in order to protect the safety of the fuel cell, the main mode adopted at present is to lock a secondary actuator, and the fuel cell loses power under the condition of no early warning. For this purpose, a targeted modification is necessary, and a small-amplitude internal pressure relief part, a durable secondary locking and stopping part and an overpressure sealing and locking part are arranged. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a safety protection device and method for a hydrogen pressure reducing valve group. The device can realize overpressure regulation and control, can realize stable regulating valve back pressure in big dynamic fluctuation, prevents the condition of instantaneous overpressure locking, and causes the fuel cell automobile to lose power. The specific technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: The invention provides a safety protection device of a hydrogen pressure reducing valve group, which comprises a self-operated pressure reducing valve and an overpressure regulating device, wherein a plurality of self-operated pressure reducing valves are sequentially connected in series along the air flow direction so as to realize multistage pressure reduction, and a pressure reducing outlet runner of a final stage self-operated pressure reducing valve is connected with the overpressure regulating device; The over-pressure regulating device comprises an over-pressure regulating valve body, an over-pressure regulating valve cover, a first over-pressure regulating actuator and a second over-pressure regulating actuator, wherein the top of the over-pressure regulating valve body is communicated with a pressure reducing outlet flow passage through a regulating hole, the first over-pressure regulating actuator is arranged inside the over-pressure regulating valve body and is of a stepped columnar structure and comprises a first cylinder with a smaller diameter and a second cylinder with a larger diameter, the top of the first cylinder is positioned in the regulating hole and can extend into the pressure reducing outlet flow passage through the regulating hole to regulate a throttle area, a first over-pressure regulating spring is sleeved outside the second cylinder, a piezoelectric sensor is arranged at the bottom, one end of the first over-pressure regulating spring is fixed on the inner wall of the top of the over-pressure regulating valve body, the other end of the first over-pressure regulating spring is fixed on the second cylinder and can provide elastic force in the vertical direction, the pressure reducing outlet flow passage is not communicated with a pressure stabilizing cavity in the over-pressure regulating valve body through a second sealing rubber gasket, the second over-pressure regulating actuator is arranged below the piezoelectric sensor and can move in the vertical direction to provide upward acting force for the first over-pressure regulating actuator, the second over-pressure actuator can extend into the pressure reducing area through the regulating hole to regulate the pressure outlet flow passage, the first over-pressure actuator is in the pressure feedback cavity is in the vertical direction, the pressure-regulating valve body is in contact with the pressure cavity, the pressure cavity is in the pressure-regulating