CN-115638282-B - Variable cross-section pneumatic actuator and control system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable cross-section pneumatic actuator and a control system and a control method thereof, the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator at least comprises a first pneumatic cylinder, a second pneumatic cylinder and a third pneumatic cylinder, cylinder ends of the first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder and the third pneumatic cylinder are all connected with a base, rod ends are all connected with a top cover, a load connecting piece is connected with the top cover, the first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder and the third pneumatic cylinder are mutually parallel, the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator has the advantages of high driving efficiency, low energy consumption, convenient adjustment and the like, according to the control system of the variable-section pneumatic actuator, the first control branch, the second control branch and the third control branch are communicated with the total reversing valve, and the first control branch, the second control branch and the third control branch are respectively communicated with the first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder and the third pneumatic cylinder, and each of the first control branch, the second control branch and the third control branch comprises the branch switching valve and the branch reversing valve, so that the driving efficiency can be improved, and the operation is convenient.

Inventors

• LIANG KESHAN
• FANG DELEI

Assignees

• 中国人民解放军国防科技大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20221107

Claims (9)

1. 1. The variable cross-section pneumatic actuator is characterized by comprising a base (1), a top cover (2), a load connecting piece (3) and a control system, and further comprising at least a first pneumatic cylinder (4), a second pneumatic cylinder (5) and a third pneumatic cylinder (6), wherein cylinder ends of the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the second pneumatic cylinder (5) and the third pneumatic cylinder (6) are all connected with the base (1), rod ends are all connected with the top cover (2), the load connecting piece (3) is connected with the top cover (2), the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the second pneumatic cylinder (5) and the third pneumatic cylinder (6) are mutually parallel, the control system comprises a total reversing valve (11), a first control branch (12), a second control branch (13) and a third control branch (14), the total reversing valve (11) is communicated with an air source of the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator, the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13) and the third control branch (14) are all communicated with the total reversing valve (4), the second control branch (5) and the third pneumatic cylinder (6), and the first pneumatic branch (12), the second pneumatic branch (13) and the third pneumatic cylinder (14) are respectively communicated with the total reversing valve (11), the first pneumatic cylinder (12), the second pneumatic cylinder (13) and the third pneumatic cylinder (6) respectively The second control branch (13) and the third control branch (14) comprise two-position two-way electromagnetic switch valves and three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valves, the two-position two-way electromagnetic switch valves of the first control branch (12) are first two-position two-way electromagnetic switch valves (12 a) and the three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valves are first three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valves (12B), a rodless cavity of the first pneumatic cylinder (4) is communicated with an A port of the first three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valves (12B), a rod cavity of the first pneumatic cylinder (4) is communicated with a first three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valve (12 bB) port, meanwhile, a P port of the first three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valve (12B) is communicated with an A port of the total switch valve (11), an R port of the first three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valve (12B) is communicated with an R port of the total switch valve (11), and when the rod cavity of the first pneumatic cylinder (4) is communicated with the first three-position five-way electromagnetic switch valve (12B) is communicated with the first three-way electromagnetic switch valve (12B), and the first three-way electromagnetic switch valve (12B) is communicated with the three-way electromagnetic switch valve (11) A port, and the first three-way electromagnetic switch (12B) is communicated with the three-way electromagnetic switch valve (11).
2. 2. The variable cross-section pneumatic actuator of claim 1, further comprising a fourth pneumatic cylinder (7), wherein a cylinder end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7) is connected with the base (1) and a rod end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder is connected with the top cover (2), the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7) is arranged in parallel with the first pneumatic cylinder (4), and joints of the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the second pneumatic cylinder (5), the third pneumatic cylinder (6) and the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7) and the top cover (2) are diamond-shaped.
3. 3. The variable cross-section pneumatic actuator of claim 2, wherein the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the second pneumatic cylinder (5), the third pneumatic cylinder (6) and the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7) are all double-acting single-piston cylinders.
4. 4. The variable cross-section pneumatic actuator of claim 2 or 3, wherein the load connecting piece (3) is a connecting bolt, one end of the connecting bolt is in threaded connection with the top cover (2), and the other end of the connecting bolt is connected with a load of the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator.
5. 5. A variable cross-section pneumatic actuator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the rod ends of the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the second pneumatic cylinder (5), the third pneumatic cylinder (6) and the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7) are in threaded connection with the top cover (2), and the cylinder ends of the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the second pneumatic cylinder (5), the third pneumatic cylinder (6) and the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7) are in threaded connection with the base (1).
6. 6. The variable cross-section pneumatic actuator of claim 2, wherein the control system further comprises a fourth control branch (15), the fourth control branch (15) is communicated with the total reversing valve (11) and the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7), the fourth control branch (15) comprises a two-position two-way electromagnetic switching valve and a three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the fourth control branch (15) is connected in the same way as the first control branch (12).
7. 7. A control method of a variable cross-section pneumatic actuator is characterized in that when the output force of the pneumatic actuator is 0, three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of a first control branch (12), a second control branch (13) and a third control branch (14) are in a neutral disconnection state, when the output force of the pneumatic actuator is maximum, a total reversing valve (11) is in a communication state with three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13) and the third control branch (14), and when the output force of the pneumatic actuator needs to be changed, the working states of any one or two three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13) and the third control branch (14) are changed.
8. 8. The control method of the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator according to claim 7, wherein when the output force of the pneumatic actuator is 0, three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13), the third control branch (14) and the fourth control branch (15) are in a neutral disconnection state, when the output force of the pneumatic actuator is maximum, the total reversing valve (11) is in a communication state with three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13), the third control branch (14) and the fourth control branch (15), and when the output force of the pneumatic actuator needs to be changed, the working states of any one or two or three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13), the third control branch (14) and the fourth control branch (15) are changed.
9. 9. The control method of a variable cross-section pneumatic actuator according to claim 8, wherein when a pneumatic actuator piston rod is extended, a total reversing valve (11) is operated in a left position, high-pressure gas is introduced, when an output force of the pneumatic actuator is maximum, three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of a first control branch (12), a second control branch (13), a third control branch (14) and a fourth control branch (15) are all operated in the left position, high-pressure gas is introduced into rodless chambers of the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the second pneumatic cylinder (5), the third pneumatic cylinder (6) and the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7), when the output force of the pneumatic actuator is required to be changed, an operating state of any one or two or three of the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13), the third control branch (14) and the fourth control branch (15) is adjusted to be the middle position, when the pneumatic actuator piston rod is retracted, the total reversing valve (11) is operated in the left position, when the pneumatic actuator piston rod is retracted, the high-pressure gas is introduced into the first pneumatic cylinder (4), the output force of the third pneumatic cylinder (6), the third pneumatic actuator (14) is required to be controlled to be operated in the right position, the pneumatic actuator piston rod is required to be controlled to be changed to be operated in the fourth pneumatic cylinder (7), the working states of any one or two or three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valves of the first control branch (12), the second control branch (13), the third control branch (14) and the fourth control branch (15) are adjusted to be the middle position.

Description

Variable cross-section pneumatic actuator and control system and control method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of pneumatic equipment, in particular to a variable cross-section pneumatic actuator, a control system and a control method thereof. Background In recent years, the requirements of various industries on energy conservation and emission reduction are higher and higher, and the requirements on energy efficiency of various mechanical equipment are also higher and higher. The pneumatic actuator in the prior art basically adopts a fixed acting area to drive a load, and the maximum output force is always kept unchanged under the condition of certain system supply pressure, if the acting area is fixed, the matching of the output force and the load force can only be realized by generating throttling pressure drop through the control valve when the load changes, so that the larger the difference between the load force and the required output force is, the larger the throttling pressure drop generated by the control valve is required to be, the energy loss is increased, the energy efficiency is low, and the development requirement of energy conservation and emission reduction is not met. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator which has high driving efficiency, low energy consumption and convenient adjustment, the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator control system which can improve the driving efficiency and is convenient to operate and the control method. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The utility model provides a variable cross section pneumatic actuator, includes base, top cap and load connecting piece, still includes first pneumatic cylinder, second pneumatic cylinder and third pneumatic cylinder at least, the cylinder body end of first pneumatic cylinder, second pneumatic cylinder and third pneumatic cylinder all with the base is connected, and the rod end all with the top cap is connected, load connecting piece with the top cap is connected, first pneumatic cylinder, second pneumatic cylinder and third pneumatic cylinder parallel arrangement each other. As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: The variable cross-section pneumatic actuator further comprises a fourth pneumatic cylinder, the cylinder body end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder is connected with the base, the rod end of the fourth pneumatic cylinder is connected with the top cover, the fourth pneumatic cylinder is arranged in parallel with the first pneumatic cylinder, and the joint of the first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder, the third pneumatic cylinder and the fourth pneumatic cylinder with the top cover is diamond-shaped. The first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder, the third pneumatic cylinder and the fourth pneumatic cylinder are all double-acting single-piston cylinders. The load connecting piece is a connecting bolt, one end of the connecting bolt is in threaded connection with the top cover, and the other end of the connecting bolt is connected with the load of the variable-section pneumatic actuator. The rod ends of the first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder, the third pneumatic cylinder and the fourth pneumatic cylinder are in threaded connection with the top cover, and the cylinder ends of the first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder, the third pneumatic cylinder and the fourth pneumatic cylinder are in threaded connection with the base. The control system of the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator is connected with the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator and comprises a total reversing valve, a first control branch, a second control branch and a third control branch, wherein the total reversing valve is communicated with an air source of the variable cross-section pneumatic actuator, the first control branch, the second control branch and the third control branch are communicated with the total reversing valve, the first control branch, the second control branch and the third control branch are respectively communicated with the first pneumatic cylinder, the second pneumatic cylinder and the third pneumatic cylinder, and the first control branch, the second control branch and the third control branch comprise branch switching valves and branch reversing valves. As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the control system further comprises a fourth control branch, the fourth control branch is communicated with the total reversing valve and the fourth pneumatic cylinder, and the fourth control branch comprises a branch switching valve and a branch reversing valve. The branch switching valve is a two-position two-way electromagnetic switching valve, and the branch reversing valve and the total reversing valve are three-position f