CN-115653513-B - Automatic disassembling and assembling method for large hook

CN115653513BCN 115653513 BCN115653513 BCN 115653513BCN-115653513-B

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic large hook dismounting method which comprises the following steps of fixing a hook body chuck and an anti-rebound device which are arranged up and down on a fixing support, lifting a large hook to pass through the hook body chuck, limiting a large hook lower cylinder body in the hook body chuck and the anti-rebound device, moving a sleeve clamp to hold and clamp a large hook upper cylinder body, starting the sleeve clamp to rotate the large hook upper cylinder body to enable the large hook upper cylinder body to be buckled or fastened on a large hook lower cylinder body, removing the sleeve clamp, and lifting the large hook away to finish dismounting of the large hook. After the automatic large hook dismounting method is used, the large hook is effectively clamped, the sleeve tongs are powered by the hydraulic station, the sleeve tongs rotate stably and have adjustable rotating speed, and can rotate bidirectionally, so that the large hook can be dismounted and mounted simultaneously, the whole operation process is stable and safe, operators do not need to cooperate with a plurality of persons to perform knocking operation, hoisting operation, object striking and the like, various potential safety hazards are thoroughly eliminated, and the safety of repairing the large hook is ensured.

Inventors

CHI LIN
LI LI
FAN DAI
LIU ZHANJUN
SHI XIANFENG
ZHANG JINPING
XIANG WANG

Assignees

中国石油天然气集团有限公司
中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20221008

Claims (4)

1. The automatic hook dismounting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: providing a fixing support, fixing the big hook (5) on the fixing support in a vertical clamping mode, and ensuring that the thread axes of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder of the big hook (5) are completely overlapped after clamping; a hook chuck and an anti-rebound device which are arranged up and down are fixed on the fixed bracket; The large hook (5) is hoisted to pass through the hook chuck (7), and the lower cylinder of the large hook is limited in the hook chuck (7) and the rebound preventing device (8); The movable casing tongs (6) hold and clamp the upper cylinder of the big hook; starting the sleeve tongs (6) to rotate the large hook upper cylinder body to enable the large hook upper cylinder body to be knocked out or fastened on the large hook lower cylinder body; Removing the casing tongs, hanging the big hook (5) away, and completing the disassembly and assembly of the big hook (5); Wherein, before the sleeve clamp (6) is started to rotate the big hook upper cylinder, the method further comprises the steps of vertically dropping the big hook upper cylinder to gradually approach and align the big hook lower cylinder; The fixing support at least comprises a fixing base (1), two sleeves are fixed on the fixing base (1), a front upright post (201) is detachably and fixedly inserted in each sleeve, springs (3) are sleeved on the front upright posts (201), and the bottommost end of each spring (3) is detachably fixed on the corresponding front upright post (201); The fixed base (1) is also fixedly provided with two rear uprights (202), the hook body chuck (7) is of a frame structure formed by welding a plurality of I-steel and channel steel, the frame is at least provided with a first hole for a cylinder body on a big hook to pass through, the frame is also provided with a second hole for the rear uprights (202) to pass through, and the frame is fixed on the rear uprights (202) and positioned between the spring (3) and the rebound prevention device (8); the anti-rebound device (8) is fixed on the fixed base (1) or integrally formed with the fixed base (1), the anti-rebound device (8) is of a U-shaped structure formed by splicing three plates, an opening of the U-shaped structure faces to the outer side, and the large-hook lower cylinder body is hoisted into the U-shaped structure from the opening.
2. The automatic hook dismounting method according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder of each sleeve is provided with a first radial pin hole along the radial direction, the cylinder of each front upright post (201) is provided with a plurality of second radial pin holes from top to bottom, and the front upright posts (201) and the sleeves are connected with each other through pins inserted into the first radial pin holes and the second radial pin holes; the lowest end of each spring (3) is provided with a hoop (4) sleeved on the front upright post (201); The hoop (4) is detachably fixed on the front upright post (201); the spring (3) is pressed and then is seated on the hoop (4).
3. The automatic hook disassembly and assembly method according to claim 1, comprising a hook automatic shackle process and a hook automatic clasp process, wherein the hook automatic shackle process is specifically as follows: the fixed bracket is sleeved with a fixed hook body chuck (7); The large hook (5) is hoisted to pass through the hook chuck (7), and the lower cylinder of the large hook is limited in the hook chuck (7) and the rebound preventing device (8); moving the sleeve clamp (6) to clamp the upper cylinder of the big hook, so that the sleeve clamp (6) is arranged on the spring (3), and the spring (3) is extruded and contracted; starting the sleeve tongs (6) to rotate the large hook upper cylinder body to enable the large hook upper cylinder body to be broken out and separated from the large hook lower cylinder body; And removing the sleeve clamp (6), and hanging away the upper cylinder of the big hook to finish the disassembly of the big hook.
4. The automatic hook attaching and detaching method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the automatic hook fastening process is as follows: the fixed bracket is sleeved with a fixed hook body chuck (7); The large hook lower cylinder body is hoisted to pass through the hook body chuck (7), and is limited in the hook body chuck (7) and the rebound preventing device (8); Moving the casing tongs (6) to enable the casing tongs (6) to be seated on the spring (3), and enabling the spring (3) to be extruded and contracted; hoisting the upper large hook cylinder, and vertically dropping the upper large hook cylinder to enable the upper large hook cylinder to gradually approach to the lower large hook cylinder; starting a sleeve clamp (6) to clamp and rotate the upper cylinder of the big hook, so that the upper cylinder of the big hook is tightly buckled on the lower cylinder of the big hook; and removing the casing tongs (6) to complete the installation of the hook.

Description

Automatic disassembling and assembling method for large hook Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to an automatic hook dismounting method. Background The large hook is an important lifting device for lifting and lowering a drill rod, an oil pipe, a sucker rod and various drilling tools in petroleum and natural gas drilling and workover operation. Because of the self structural characteristics of the big hook, namely the big hook is large and irregular in appearance, has a height of about 2.5 meters and a weight of about 3 tons, the big hook is difficult to fix and clamp in the repairing process due to the large and heavy appearance, and the connecting threads of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are left-handed threads, so that the big hook is particularly difficult to disassemble and assemble. According to investigation, at present, when the large hook is detached by each oilfield equipment repair company, a simpler and laborious detachment mode is basically adopted, for example, a crane (or other large equipment is used for providing traction force), one end of a steel wire rope is hung on the crane, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly wound on an upper cylinder body of the large hook, the crane is slowly lifted by the steel wire rope to carry out left-hand shackle, however, due to the fact that the shape of the large hook is heavy, the upper end is heavy, the lower end is light, and the gravity causes, the stress on one side of the cylinder body thread close to the ground is obviously larger than that on one side, the large hook is not in a horizontal state when being suspended, and is seriously inclined along with gravity, the lower side thread is extruded, so that stress aggregation is formed, continuous shackle is difficult, the hammer is required to carry out stress dispersion buffering when being seriously needed, then the shackle is continuously lifted slowly, and then knocked after being hard, so that the operation is repeated until the lower cylinder body thread is completely separated. The above-mentioned hook removal method has the following disadvantages: Firstly, after the shackle is blocked, an 18-pound large hammer is needed to strike the large hook cylinder body, a huge impact force acts on the outer surface of the cylinder body, and the stress point is small, so that the acting force of the stress position exceeds the critical value of plastic deformation of the cylinder body, the outer surface is damaged, and the threads on the inner surface are extruded and deformed, so that the cylinder body is damaged; secondly, when the stress concentration still cannot be removed by knocking, an external heating mode is needed to assist, and the heating mode leads the strength of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body to be different due to uneven heating, so that the strength of the lower cylinder body is reduced, threads are easy to damage, and the water tap damage and repair rate is up to 16% in 2018 to 2021 due to the disassembly and assembly mode; Thirdly, the shackle mode has serious potential safety hazard, a pressure spring is arranged in the lower cylinder, the pressure value of the pressure spring can reach 20KN, the spring can release strong elastic force to pop up the lower cylinder at the moment when the lower cylinder is about to unscrew, an operator cannot keep a safe distance because of short-distance knocking operation, and the high risk that the operator is injured by smash exists; Fourth, this dismouting mode is wasted time and energy, and personnel intensity of labour is big and inefficiency. At present, publication number CN203738335U discloses a hook dismounting device, and it is mainly through annular chuck, fixed chuck, hydraulic rotating device, hydraulic drive, the cooperation of left stand and right stand is used, realizes the purpose of the dismantlement or the installation of hook, has prevented the damage of hook in repair process. However, the dismounting device still has the problem of the third disadvantage, and is easy to cause injury to staff. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an automatic disassembly and assembly method for a hook, which aims to overcome the technical defects. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic hook dismounting method, which comprises the following steps: a hook chuck and an anti-rebound device which are arranged up and down are fixed on the fixed bracket; the lifting hook penetrates through the hook body chuck, and the lower cylinder body of the large hook is limited in the hook body chuck and the rebound preventing device; Moving the casing tongs to hold and clamp the upper cylinder of the big hook; Starting the casing tongs to rotate the large hook upper cylinder body to enable the large hook upper cylinder body to be buckled or fastened on the large hook lower cylinder body; And