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CN-115685440-B - Luminous optical fiber

CN115685440BCN 115685440 BCN115685440 BCN 115685440BCN-115685440-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical components, and particularly relates to a luminescent fiber which comprises a fiber core, wherein the average refractive index of the fiber core is n 0 , the fiber core is coated with a microstructure cladding, the microstructure cladding comprises two phases, one phase is arranged in an array manner in the other phase, the two phases are a high refractive index phase and a low refractive index phase respectively, the refractive index of the high refractive index phase is n 1 , the refractive index of the low refractive index phase is n 2 , the refractive index n 1 of the high refractive index phase is greater than the average refractive index n 0 of the fiber core, the refractive index n 2 of the low refractive index phase is smaller than the average refractive index n 0 of the fiber core, and a first protective layer and a second protective layer are sequentially coated outside the microstructure cladding. Compared with a polymer fiber core, the luminous fiber provided by the invention has the advantages of good weather resistance, difficult aging, high mechanical strength and simple preparation process, is more beneficial to the light emission of light in the fiber, has smaller variance of luminous intensity, realizes total reflection of light, and further ensures higher luminous brightness.

Inventors

  • TIAN GUANGLEI

Assignees

  • 创昇光电科技(苏州)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20221117

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The luminous optical fiber is characterized by comprising a fiber core, wherein the average refractive index of the fiber core is n 0 , the fiber core is coated with a microstructure cladding, the microstructure cladding comprises two phases, one phase is arranged in an array manner in the other phase, the two phases are respectively a high refractive index phase and a low refractive index phase, the refractive index of the high refractive index phase is n 1 , the refractive index of the low refractive index phase is n 2 , n 1 is greater than n 0 , n 2 is smaller than n 0 , the bottoms of the high refractive index phase and the low refractive index phase are respectively attached to the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core, at least one high refractive index phase and the low refractive index phase are not communicated structurally, and an air hole is formed in the microstructure cladding; The microstructure cladding is sequentially coated with a first protective layer and a second protective layer, the refractive index of the first protective layer is n 3 , the refractive index of the second protective layer is n 4 , and n 3 and n 4 are both larger than or smaller than n 2 ; the material of the low refractive index phase is air, namely the microstructure layer is inscribed by short pulse laser or chemically etched to form circumferential uniform distribution arrangement, the arrangement length is smaller than or equal to the thickness of the microstructure layer, and the circular truncated cone-shaped, conical or corn cob-shaped air hole structure is formed.
  2. 2. A luminescent fiber according to claim 1, wherein a line connecting any two points on the axial cross section of the core falls within the axial cross section of the core.
  3. 3. A luminescent fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid angle of the end face of the luminescent fiber is less than 4Ω.
  4. 4. A luminescent fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core material is one or more of quartz glass, borate glass, germanate glass, silicate glass, phosphate glass, fluoride glass, and oxyhalide glass.
  5. 5. The light-emitting optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the high refractive index phase is one or more of quartz glass, borate glass, germanate glass, silicate glass, fluoride glass, and oxyhalide glass, and the low refractive index phase is one or more of air, a gas mixture, phosphate glass, fluoride glass, and oxyhalide glass.
  6. 6. The luminescent fiber of claim 1, wherein the first protective layer is a transparent optical material of one or more of silicone, fluoro-and uv-curable resins, oxide transparent glass or ceramic, fluoride transparent glass or ceramic, nitride transparent glass or ceramic, oxynitride transparent glass or ceramic, oxysulfide transparent glass or ceramic, sulfide transparent glass or ceramic, selenide transparent glass or ceramic.
  7. 7. A luminescent fiber according to claim 1, wherein the second protective layer is one or more transparent optical materials selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polydiallyl diglycol carbonate, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, transparent polyamide, oxide transparent glass or ceramic, fluoride transparent glass or ceramic, nitride transparent glass or ceramic, oxynitride transparent glass or ceramic, oxysulfide transparent glass or ceramic, sulfide transparent glass or ceramic, selenide transparent glass or ceramic.

Description

Luminous optical fiber Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of optical components, and particularly relates to a light-emitting optical fiber. Background The light-emitting optical fiber refers to a phenomenon that light is transmitted from an incident end face to an emergent end face of the optical fiber in the optical fiber transmission process, and part of the light is transmitted out of the optical fiber coating layer, so that side light emission of the optical fiber is formed. The conventional optical fiber always reduces or eliminates the leakage of the transmitted light from the optical fiber skin layer as much as possible, and reduces the extrinsic loss caused by light scattering to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the optical fiber loss and improving the transmission efficiency of the optical fiber, while the preparation of the luminous optical fiber aims at reducing the intrinsic loss of the optical fiber to the greatest extent, and improves the extrinsic loss of the optical fiber and the scattering loss of the optical fiber by proper optical fiber design. Therefore, most of the existing light-emitting optical fibers for improving the side light-emitting brightness of the optical fibers are polymer optical fibers, and the purpose of side light-emitting is generally achieved by doping scattering particles into a fiber cladding material or creating scattering points of light by mechanically scratching the fiber cladding. This type of fiber has several problems: (1) The intrinsic loss of the polymer optical fiber is very large, generally up to 500dB/km, the loss of light is extremely high in the transmission process, so that the side scattering light brightness is extremely low, and the extremely large brightness non-uniformity exists in the length direction of the optical fiber; (2) The polymer optical fiber has poor weather resistance and is easy to age in high temperature, ultraviolet and other environments, thereby affecting the light transmission effect; (3) The polymer optical fiber has poor mechanical properties, and after long-time use, the material becomes brittle and is extremely easy to break. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a luminous optical fiber, which aims to solve the technical problems that the intrinsic loss of a polymer optical fiber is very high, the loss of light in the transmission process is very high, the side scattered brightness is very low, the brightness non-uniformity is very large in the length direction of the optical fiber, the weather resistance is poor, the light transmission effect is affected due to the fact that the light is easily aged in high-temperature, ultraviolet and other environments, the mechanical property is poor, and the material becomes fragile and is very easy to break after long-time use. The invention provides a luminous optical fiber, which has the following specific technical scheme: A luminous optical fiber comprises a fiber core, wherein the average refractive index of the fiber core is n 0, the fiber core is coated with a microstructure coating, the microstructure coating comprises two phases, one phase is arranged in an array mode in the other phase, the array arrangement has the effects that the variance of luminous intensity is smaller, the luminous brightness is higher, the two phases are respectively a high refractive index phase and a low refractive index phase, the refractive index of the high refractive index phase is n 1, the refractive index of the low refractive index phase is n 2, n 1 is larger than n 0, n 2 is smaller than n 0, the bottoms of the high refractive index phase and the low refractive index phase are respectively attached to the outer peripheral surface of the fiber core, the attached structure can effectively protect the fiber core and can prolong the transmission of light in the axial direction, at least one high refractive index phase and the low refractive index phase are not communicated structurally, the two phases are not communicated and can guarantee the total reflection of the light in the non-communicated structure to achieve a second protective layer, and the second protective layer is a higher-layer luminous structure is achieved, and the second protective layer is a higher-layer luminous layer is formed. In some embodiments, the line connecting any two points on the axial cross-section of the core falls within the axial cross-section of the core. Thus, light-emitting uniformity is realized. In certain embodiments, the solid angle of the light emitting fiber end face is less than 4pi. In certain embodiments, the microstructured cladding is provided with air holes. The air holes on the microstructure cladding also ensure uniform light emission. In some embodiments, the low refractive index phase is arranged in an array in the high refractive index phase, and the low refractive index phase is one or more of triangular prism,