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CN-115735462-B - Screening device for improving survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings and breeding method thereof

CN115735462BCN 115735462 BCN115735462 BCN 115735462BCN-115735462-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution treatment and restoration, in particular to a screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal polluted soil seedlings and a breeding method thereof, by setting two concentration gradients of polluted soil, seeds are firstly placed in an upper low-pollution environment for germination, and then naturally grow into a lower higher-pollution soil, after the root system of the plant is stably rooted at the lower layer, transplanting and planting the plant to a high-pollution site to be repaired, wherein the method aims to firstly cultivate seedlings from a small range, improve the emergence rate, and transplant the plant to a polluted environment in the later stage, so that the higher survival rate and coverage uniformity of the plant are ensured, and a better plant repairing effect is achieved.

Inventors

  • WANG YUE
  • JIANG JINGJING
  • LIU LIJUAN
  • WU XIAOCHENG
  • CHEN HAO
  • GAO KAI
  • CHEN HONGYI
  • WU HAO
  • ZHANG LI
  • WU SUNJIAN

Assignees

  • 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20221114

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings is characterized by comprising a cultivation box (1), wherein an upper space (3) and a lower space (4) are arranged in the cultivation box (1), a non-woven fabric (2) is arranged between the upper space (3) and the lower space (4), and the upper space (3) and the lower space (4) are filled with soil containing heavy metal contamination; the upper space (3) is filled with heavy metal with the following quantity Mg/kg of contaminated soil, the lower space (4) being filled with The unit of the heavy metal concentration average value of the contaminated soil of mg/kg and a of the contaminated site to be repaired is mg/kg.
  2. 2. Screening device for improving survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that said cultivation box (1) is a bamboo chip cultivation box.
  3. 3. The screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabric (2) is uniformly provided with planting holes with the diameter of 0.5-1 cm.
  4. 4. Screening device for improving survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-woven fabric (2) is fixed in the box body.
  5. 5. The screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the lower layer of soil with higher heavy metal concentration is paved in the cultivation box (1) firstly, then a layer of non-woven fabric (2) is covered, and the upper layer of non-woven fabric (2) is paved with soil with lower heavy metal concentration.
  6. 6. The screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings according to claim 2, wherein the top of the cultivation box (1) is provided with an opening, the distance between the lower space (4) and the bottom bamboo chips is 3-5cm, and the soil height in the upper space (3) is 1-3cm.
  7. 7. A breeding method based on the screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: (1) Setting two concentration gradients of polluted soil, filling low-pollution-concentration soil into an upper space (3) of the cultivation box (1), filling high-pollution-concentration soil into a lower space (4), standing for two weeks after the soil is filled, placing seeds into the upper space (3), firstly cultivating seedlings with the low-pollution soil, so that the seeds germinate, and ensuring the emergence rate; (2) Naturally growing the seeds into a lower space (4) after the seedlings emerge, so that plant root systems are stably rooted in the lower high-pollution soil; (3) When the root length is 4-6cm, transplanting the seedling to the high pollution site to be repaired.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the aqueous solution of CdCl 2 ·2.5H 2 O is uniformly mixed in the soil in the step (1), and the environment of Cd-polluted soil with two concentration gradients is simulated.

Description

Screening device for improving survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings and breeding method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution treatment and repair, in particular to a screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal polluted soil seedlings and a breeding method thereof. Background According to the phytoremediation technology of the heavy metal contaminated soil, according to the tolerance of plants to heavy metals and the super accumulation characteristic, the super accumulation plants are utilized to absorb, transfer, transform and accumulate heavy metals in the soil, so that the purpose of removing the heavy metals from the soil is achieved. The phytoremediation technology has the advantages of economy, effectiveness, green ecology, environmental friendliness, no obvious influence on soil quality, capability of carrying out in-situ remediation on polluted soil and the like, is widely focused and becomes a hotspot in the field of ecological remediation, and has wide application prospect. Almost all parts of the world are polluted by heavy metals with different degrees from the global perspective, and the production economic activity of the human society is seriously influenced. Heavy metal pollution has become a difficult problem for environmental remediation due to the characteristics of wide pollution range, long duration, enrichment and the like, wherein the heavy metal pollution of soil is closely related to human health. As a basic structural unit of the biosphere, the soil horizon stores a large amount of energy substances and minerals, and the soil horizon is polluted, so that the soil ecological environment is directly influenced, and the overground part ecological system is disturbed and unbalanced. At present, the plant restoration which is advocated at home and abroad is the most environmentally friendly heavy metal removal method, however, the polluted site has poor site conditions and low plant restoration emergence rate, so that the final restoration effect is not ideal. The common treatment method for phytoremediation is to directly sow the pioneer plant or the plant seed with heavy metal tolerance in the polluted land, however, the method leads to lower emergence rate of the seed in the polluted environment, and the emergence rate is particularly irregular, so that the later restoration effect is affected. Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a device based on the concept of implementing restoration in a segmented manner by seedling cultivation and seedling transplanting, and aims to improve the survival rate of plants in polluted places. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal polluted soil seedlings and a breeding method thereof, and a novel functional plant conservation device for improving the emergence rate and the survival rate of plant restoration seedlings and ensuring the high coverage rate of restoration plants so as to achieve better soil restoration effect. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings comprises a cultivation box, wherein an upper space and a lower space are arranged in the cultivation box, non-woven fabrics are arranged between the upper space and the lower space, and the upper space and the lower space are filled with soil containing heavy metal contamination; The upper space is filled with heavy metal with the following quantity Mg/kg of contaminated soil, the lower space being filledThe unit of the heavy metal concentration average value of the contaminated soil of mg/kg and a of the contaminated site to be repaired is mg/kg. Preferably, the cultivation box is a bamboo chip cultivation box. Preferably, the non-woven fabric is uniformly provided with planting holes with the diameter of 0.5-1 cm. Preferably, the non-woven fabric is fixed in the box body, Preferably, firstly, the lower layer of soil with higher heavy metal concentration is paved in the cultivation box, then a layer of non-woven fabric is covered, and the upper layer of non-woven fabric is paved with soil with lower heavy metal concentration. Preferably, the top of the cultivation box is provided with an opening, the space of the lower layer is 3-5cm away from the bamboo chips at the bottom, and the soil height in the space of the upper layer is 1-3cm. The invention also provides a breeding method of the screening device for improving the survival rate of heavy metal contaminated soil seedlings, which comprises the following steps: (1) Setting two concentration gradients of polluted soil, filling low-pollution-concentration soil into an upper space in the cultivation box, filling high-pollution-concentration soil into a lower space, standing f