CN-115740317-B - Large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press and preparation method thereof

CN115740317BCN 115740317 BCN115740317 BCN 115740317BCN-115740317-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press and a preparation method thereof, wherein a forging forming process of a hinge Liang Maopi is carried out in a mode of combining free forging and die forging, firstly, near-net precision forming can be achieved, small-allowance forging is achieved, secondly, the problems of insufficient forging and uneven structure caused by limited tonnage of the press can be avoided through a quincuncial blank formed by free forging, thirdly, the cavity of a forged hinge beam can reach 1250mm or more, a drilling, sawing and milling process is adopted to achieve large-allowance removal and high-precision and high-efficiency machining of a lug fan, a rolling mode is adopted for the inner wall and the surface of a lug hole of a cylinder body, the precision and the surface roughness are improved, the surface strength is improved, the working life of the hinge beam is prolonged, the finish machining procedure of the lug fan can be completed through one-time clamping, and the integral precision of the hinge beam is improved.

Inventors

YAN NING
XIAO SHUANGYONG
WANG YONGFENG
WANG XIAOQI
CAO JIANFENG
CAO YANG
ZHANG YUETING
XIAO TENG

Assignees

郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20221114

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Selecting round steel ingot (2) Heating, namely heating the round steel ingot, wherein the round steel ingot needs to be heated for many times in the forging process, and the forging temperature is ensured to be not lower than 950 ℃; (3) Upsetting and drawing, namely upsetting and drawing the round steel ingot processed in the step (2) for a plurality of times, and crushing carbide in the round steel ingot; (4) Free forging intermediate blank A. heating the steel ingot blank processed in the step (3), then holding the steel ingot blank on a lower pier plate of a forging press by a mechanical hand, setting the end surface of the lower pier plate as a triangular section, arranging a punch with the triangular section on a middle sliding table of the forging press, pressing the steel ingot blank, and pressing the upper and lower symmetrical two surfaces of the steel ingot blank into a concave triangular shape; b. D, reheating and rotating the ingot blank by 90 degrees, and repeating the step a; c. Correcting the shape of the steel ingot blank for multiple times to obtain a forging intermediate blank in a regular quincuncial shape; (5) Die forging Heating again, placing the quincuncial forging intermediate blank forged in the step (4) in a lower die, upsetting the quincuncial forging intermediate blank to be flush with the die by adopting a flat upsetting plate, then pressing down by adopting an upper die copying the hinge Liang Nagang, forming a closed die by adopting the upper die and the lower die, forging the blank into a hinge Liang Waixing and a central hole, and obtaining a hinge beam forming blank; (6) Demolding Ejecting the pressed hinge beam forming blank out of the die; (7) Post-forging heat treatment Normalizing the molded blank of the hinge beam at 850+/-10 ℃, and tempering at 650+/-10 ℃ to refine the grains in the blank; (8) Flaw detection Processing the upper end face and the lower end face of the hinge beam forming blank processed in the step (7) until the surfaces are free of black skin, and then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection; (9) And (3) sequentially carrying out the following working procedures on the hinge beam forming blank qualified in the flaw detection in the step (8): d. the working procedures of the drilling and removing process holes are as follows: Firstly, vertically placing a qualified hinge beam forming blank in flaw detection on a tool of a deep hole drilling machine, pressing the bottom surface of the hinge beam forming blank on a workbench vertical to a drill rod through a pressing rod, and aligning the end face runout of the drill hole; Then drilling the material removing process holes by the drill rod through a numerical control program, and reserving allowance between adjacent material removing process holes; e. sawing the grooves of the ear fan, wherein the working procedures are as follows: After the drilling of the material removing process hole is completed, placing the hinge beam forming blank on a workbench of a band sawing machine, sawing symmetrically from the outer end face of the hinge beam forming blank to the center of the blank according to a sawing groove standard, sawing to a material removing process hole, keeping two sawing seams of the same ear fan in parallel, and keeping machining allowance of the sawed ear fan groove; f. cutting the margin of the ear fan, wherein the working procedures are as follows: after sawing, cutting and removing the allowance left between the material process holes by adopting a water cutting method, and then completing the large allowance removal of the ear fan grooves; g. Quenching and tempering H. Inner cavity finishing I. the process of the finish machining of the ear fan is as follows: Placing the bottom surface of the hinge beam forming blank on a workbench of a numerical control machining center, aligning the center of an inner cylinder with the end surface standard of a cylinder opening, then milling by adopting a right-angle milling head, and outputting the power of a main shaft of a machine tool to the milling head through an inner gear structure along a feeding mode perpendicular to the central axis of the hinge beam, wherein the plane of the milling head of the right-angle milling head is parallel to the processing plane of the ear fan; Then adopting an lengthened shockproof cutter bar to process the allowance of the bottom of the groove of the ear fan, reserving the arc of the bottom of the groove, and reducing the stress of the root of the ear fan; j. And (5) finishing the earhole.
2. The method for preparing the large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein the steps of h and inner cavity finishing in the step (9) are as follows: sequentially performing rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and inner wall surface rolling, And the inner wall surface rolling adopts ultrasonic rolling equipment, a rolling cutter is contacted on the inner wall of the hinge beam cylinder body and performs high-frequency impact, and the hinge beam rotates along with the platform, so that the surface rolling of the inner wall is realized.
3. The method for preparing the large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein the j and the earhole in the step (9) are finished, and the working procedures are as follows: and (5) sequentially carrying out rough machining, heat treatment, finish machining and ear hole surface rolling on a machine tool.
4. The method for manufacturing the large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein the right-angle milling head is used for milling the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the ear fan from outside to inside and from top to bottom.
5. The large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press is prepared based on the preparation method of the large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press disclosed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising hinge beam installation components in six directions, namely an upper direction, a lower direction, a front direction, a rear direction, a left direction and a right direction, wherein the adjacent hinge beam installation components are connected through a pin shaft, each hinge beam installation component comprises a hinge beam, a piston, a guide sleeve and a rear plug, the piston is arranged in a cylinder body arranged in the middle of the hinge beam, the rear plug is arranged in a rear plug installation hole arranged at the bottom of the hinge beam, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the piston and sealed through the guide sleeve sealing component; The hinge beam is forged and formed in a free forging and die forging mode, a quincuncial forging intermediate blank is obtained through free forging, the free forging intermediate blank is placed in a die through die forging, and final hinge beam forming forging is conducted.
6. The large cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press according to claim 5, wherein a back plug sealing assembly is arranged between the back plug and the back plug mounting hole.

Description

Large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of superhard material synthesis, and particularly relates to a large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press and a preparation method thereof. Background The six-sided hydraulic press is equipment for high-pressure synthesis of superhard materials assembled by 6 hinge Liang Shangang assemblies through 12 pin shafts and connecting ear fans, the central lines of the 6 hinges Liang Nagang are intersected at 1 point, and the geometric tolerance for measuring the intersection point is called centering, which is a critical technical condition related to the hydraulic press. The dimensional accuracy of the hinge Liang Nagang and the ear hole, and the shape and position accuracy between them are key factors for ensuring neutrality, and the machining accuracy of the hinge Liang Ershan directly influences the assembly accuracy, thereby influencing the centering of the hexahedral hydraulic press in a high-pressure state. The hinge beam of the hexahedral hydraulic press is mainly divided into integral casting and integral forging. The hinge beams with the largest stock in the market are integrally cast, the cast hinge Liang Ershan is basically not subjected to finish machining, and the appearance precision mainly depends on the die precision. The precision of the ear fan is reduced due to long-term use of the die, so that the overall precision of the final hinge beam is affected, and the neutrality of the hexahedral hydraulic press can be seriously affected in a high-pressure state. The forging mode of the integral forging hinge beam can be divided into two forming modes of free forging and die forging at present. The die forging forming can realize small allowance forging, the production efficiency is high, the die forging forming is limited by the tonnage of a press, the appearance defect is easy to cause, the forming difficulty is high, and the forging ratio is insufficient. The above problems limit the development of further enlargement of the hinge beam, and only the hinge Liang Duanzao having a cavity diameter of 1000mm or less can be molded. The invention provides a processing device of a hinge Liang Ershan of a six-end-face top press (publication No. CN 112024959A), which is a processing method of a hinge beam ear fan, wherein a planer milling machine is adopted for processing, the feeding is along the central axis direction of the hinge beam, and the hinge Liang Ershan is relatively high and needs to be fed in sequence from the front direction and the back direction of the axis of the hinge beam, so that a turnover procedure is needed for the hinge beam, the processing reference is changed, a cutter receiving trace exists on the processing face, manual grinding and removal are needed, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency cannot be ensured. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press and a preparation method thereof, wherein a free forging and die forging forming mode is adopted for a hinge beam, so that a forging forming process of the hinge beam with a cavity of 1250mm or more is realized, and the overall technical performance of the hexahedral hydraulic press is improved. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The large-cavity forging type hexahedral top hydraulic press comprises hinge beam installation components in six directions, namely an upper direction, a lower direction, a front direction, a rear direction, a left direction and a right direction, wherein the adjacent hinge beam installation components are connected through a pin shaft, each hinge beam installation component comprises a hinge beam, a piston, a guide sleeve and a rear plug, the piston is installed in a cylinder body arranged in the middle of the hinge beam, the rear plug is installed in a rear plug installation hole arranged at the bottom of the hinge beam, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the piston and is sealed through a guide sleeve sealing component; The hinge beam is forged and formed in a free forging and die forging mode, a quincuncial forging intermediate blank is obtained through free forging, the free forging intermediate blank is placed in a die through die forging, and final hinge beam forming forging is conducted. And a rear plug sealing assembly is arranged between the rear plug and the rear plug mounting hole. A preparation method of a large-cavity forging type hexahedral hydraulic press comprises the following steps: (1) Selecting round steel ingot (2) Heating, namely heating the round steel ingot, wherein the round steel ingot needs to be heated for many times in the forging process, and the forging temperature is ensured to be not lower than 950 ℃; (3) Upsetting and drawing, namely