CN-115758920-B - Ecological flow determination method, system, equipment and medium based on proper living area of aquatic organisms

CN115758920BCN 115758920 BCN115758920 BCN 115758920BCN-115758920-B

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological flow determination method, system, equipment and storage medium based on proper living area of aquatic organisms, wherein the method comprises the steps of dividing into abundant, flat and dead water years; the method comprises the steps of determining ecological guarantee targets in rich, flat and dead water years according to suitable living conditions of dominant aquatic organism populations in a river channel, calculating the sizes of the living areas of the dominant aquatic organism populations on the sections of the river channel under different water levels or wet weeks according to ecological guarantee targets and a hydraulic formula, drawing change curves of the living areas of the dominant aquatic organism populations on the sections of the river channel under different water levels, and determining ecological flow of the river channel according to the ecological guarantee targets in rich, flat and dead water years. The method of the invention realizes that the living area of the dominant aquatic organism population in the river cross section is taken as a label, and the ecological flow target of the river is deduced, compared with the prior method, the living space of the dominant aquatic organism population in the river is more fully considered, and the determined ecological flow target is more suitable for the living of aquatic organisms in the river.

Inventors

WAN DONGHUI
WANG LINGHE
ZHENG XINQIAN
WANG BIN
ZHENG JIUYU
WANG CUITING
Zeng Muxiang
LI JIE
Yao Hangbin
YANG FANG
ZHANG LI
DONG YANJUN
SHI BINBIN
WU QIONG
YU SHUNCHAO

Assignees

珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20221025

Claims (8)

1. The ecological flow determination method based on the proper living area of the aquatic organisms is characterized by comprising the following steps: Dividing the water year into abundant, flat and dead water years based on historical hydrologic series data; determining ecological guarantee targets of rich, flat and withered water years according to the proper living conditions of dominant aquatic organism populations in the river channel; according to the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years, the hydraulic parameters and the hydraulic formulas of the river sections are combined, and the sizes of the survival areas of the dominant aquatic organism populations suitable for the river sections under different water levels or wet weeks are calculated; Drawing a change curve of the living area of the dominant aquatic organism population on the river section at different water levels, and determining the ecological flow of the river by combining the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years; the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and withered water years are specifically as follows: determining that the ecological guarantee goal of the dead water year is that the maximum water depth in the river reaches the water depth range suitable for survival of dominant aquatic organisms; the ecological guarantee goal in the open water period and the full water period is that the maximum water depth in the river reaches the water depth range suitable for the survival of dominant aquatic organisms, and the ecological guarantee goal in the full water period is that the river section is suitable for the survival area of the dominant aquatic organism population; Drawing a change curve of the living area of the dominant aquatic organism population on the river section under different water levels, and comprehensively determining the ecological flow of the river by combining the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: Counting the survival areas of the dominant aquatic organism populations with the river cross sections suitable for different water levels, and drawing a change curve of the survival areas of the dominant aquatic organism populations with the river cross sections suitable for different water levels; And determining the river ecological flow target value according to the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years and the change curves of the survival areas of the river cross sections suitable for dominant aquatic organism populations at different water levels.
2. The method for determining the ecological flow based on the proper living area of the aquatic organism according to claim 1, wherein the method for dividing the abundance, the level and the dead water years is specifically as follows: the method adopts the distance-flat percentage method to divide the water years into abundant, flat and dead water years in the hydrologic series, and the formula of the distance-flat percentage method is as follows: ; wherein E is the average distance and flatness percentage, Q i is the average annual runoff of the ith year, and the unit is m 3 /s; The average runoff is m 3 /s for many years.
3. The method for determining an ecological flow rate based on a suitable living area for aquatic organisms according to claim 2, wherein the divided annual average percentage E is more than 20%, the absolute value of the divided annual average percentage E is less than 20%, and the divided annual average percentage E is less than-20%.
4. The method for determining the ecological flow rate based on the proper living area of the aquatic organisms according to claim 1, wherein the calculating of the proper living area of the dominant aquatic organism population in the river cross section under different water levels or wet weeks is specifically as follows: Drawing the shapes of the flow sections under different water levels by adopting CAD, measuring the areas and the wet circumferences of the flow sections under different water levels, and further calculating the hydraulic radius of the flow sections under different water levels according to a hydraulic radius formula; Calculating a metabolism factor according to a Manning formula and the actually measured river roughness and river ratio drop, and further calculating the flow speed and the flow of the river flow section under different water levels according to the metabolism formula; according to river cross section flow rates corresponding to different water levels, determining the water level suitable for survival of the dominant aquatic organism population by combining the suitable survival flow rate range of the dominant aquatic organism population; according to the proper water depth range of the dominant aquatic organism population, the proper living area of the river section under different water levels is drawn by adopting CAD software in combination with the actually measured section shape of the river and the water level suitable for the survival of the dominant aquatic organism population.
5. The method for determining an ecological flow rate based on a proper living area of aquatic organisms according to claim 4, wherein a hydraulic radius calculation formula is as follows: ; Wherein R is the hydraulic radius in m, A is the river cross-section area in m 2 , x is the wet circumference under the specific water level in m; The following equation is given: ; Wherein v is the section flow velocity in m 3 /s, C is the Chart coefficient, R is the hydraulic radius in m, J is the river channel ratio drop; The Xuezhen coefficient is a Manning formula, which is as follows: ; Wherein n is the river course roughness; the flow calculation formula is as follows: ; q is river section flow, and the unit is m 3 /s.
6. An ecological flow rate determining system based on the proper living area of the aquatic organism, which is characterized by being applied to the ecological flow rate determining method based on the proper living area of the aquatic organism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprising a full-scale year dividing module, an ecological guarantee target determining module, a living area calculating module and an ecological flow rate determining module; The withered year dividing module is used for dividing the received data based on historical hydrologic series data, dividing the land into abundant, flat and dead water years; The ecological guarantee target determining module is used for determining ecological guarantee targets of rich, flat and withered water years according to the proper living conditions of dominant aquatic organism populations in the river channel; The living area calculating module is used for calculating the sizes of living areas of the dominant aquatic organism population suitable for the river sections under different water levels or wet weeks according to the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years and by combining the hydraulic parameters and the hydraulic formulas of the river sections; The ecological flow determining module is used for drawing a change curve of the living area of the population of the dominant aquatic organisms on the river section under different water levels, and determining the ecological flow of the river by combining the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years.
7. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: And a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the aquatic specie based ecological flow determination method of any one of claims 1-5.
8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining an ecological flow rate based on a suitable living area for aquatic organisms according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Description

Ecological flow determination method, system, equipment and medium based on proper living area of aquatic organisms Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological flow determination, and particularly relates to an ecological flow determination method, system, equipment and medium based on a proper living area of aquatic organisms. Background Ecological flow refers to the flow or process of the water reserved in the river to maintain the structure and function of the ecological system of the river. The current ecological flow calculation method can be roughly divided into 4 major categories such as hydrology, hydraulics, habitat simulation, overall method and the like. In the class 4 methods, the hydrologic method and the hydrodynamic method are widely applied, and the ecological factors are various, so that the requirements on data are huge, the calculation process is complicated, and the practical application is less. Common hydrologic methods include Tennant method (Monda method), qp method, flow duration curve method, 7Q10 method, average flow rate of the last 10 years, etc., and common hydrodynamic methods include wet cycle method, R2-CROSS method, etc. The hydrologic method is based on long-series hydrologic data, comprehensively considers river abundant change and ecological environment state, and deduces ecological flow or the process thereof, but ignores the relation between river channel hydraulic characteristics, aquatic organisms and the like and river channel abundant change. The hydraulic method calculates the river ecological flow according to the river section and the hydraulic parameters, and the river flow withered change is not considered. The current hydrologic method and the hydrodynamic method have few methods which give consideration to the river flow abundant change and the river hydraulic characteristics and aquatic organisms. Meanwhile, most of hydraulic methods (including an ecological hydraulic radius method, an R2-CROSS method, a wet circumference method and the like) aim at achieving proper conditions for aquatic organism survival by using section water level, flow rate, wet circumference, hydraulic radius and the like, and the ecological flow rate of the section of the river channel is determined, so that the size of the survival area of the aquatic organism suitable for the section of the river channel under the specific water level condition is not fully considered, and the matching degree of the ecological flow rate determination result and the survival requirement of the aquatic organism is not high. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides an ecological flow determining method, system, equipment and medium based on the proper living area of aquatic organisms, which can determine the living area of a population of dominant aquatic organisms on the cross section of a river channel under different water levels, further determine the ecological flow according to the relationship of the living area of the population of dominant aquatic organisms on the cross section of the river channel under different water levels and the characteristics of river channel enlargement and withering, and disclose the significance of the ecological flow on the living of aquatic organisms in the river channel. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: in a first aspect, the invention provides an ecological flow determination method based on a suitable living area of aquatic organisms, comprising the following steps: Dividing the water year into abundant, flat and dead water years based on historical hydrologic series data; determining ecological guarantee targets of rich, flat and withered water years according to the proper living conditions of dominant aquatic organism populations in the river channel; according to the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years, the hydraulic parameters and the hydraulic formulas of the river sections are combined, and the sizes of the survival areas of the dominant aquatic organism populations suitable for the river sections under different water levels or wet weeks are calculated; And drawing a change curve of the living area of the dominant aquatic organism population on the river section at different water levels, and determining the ecological flow of the river by combining the ecological guarantee targets of the rich, flat and dead water years. As an optimal technical scheme, the method for dividing the rich, flat and dead water years comprises the following steps: the method adopts the distance-flat percentage method to divide the water years into abundant, flat and dead water years in the hydrologic series, and the formula of the distance-flat percentage method is as follows: ; wherein E is the average distance and flatness percentage, Q i is the average annual runoff of th