CN-115765815-B - Multi-beam calibration method suitable for high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separate antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-beam calibration method suitable for a high-flux satellite receiving-transmitting separated antenna, which comprises the following steps of S1, calibrating station site selection design; S2, designing a feed source of a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, S3, and performing time division calibration on the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna under the cooperative participation of two calibration stations. According to the uplink calibration scheme of the transmitting antenna, the time delay of ground processing and satellite-ground propagation in the downlink calibration scheme is reduced, the real-time performance of calibration is improved, and the pointing errors of other user beams except for the calibration beam caused by satellite yaw errors can be effectively calibrated by constructing two calibration stations capable of participating in cooperation.

Inventors

• QI KAIQIANG
• YI LONGTENG
• ZHANG CHENG
• FENG XUAN
• HAO YUANYUAN
• ZHOU YEJUN

Assignees

• 中国空间技术研究院

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20221104

Claims (3)

1. 1. The multi-beam calibration method suitable for the high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separated antennas is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, site selection design of a calibration station; s2, designing feed sources of receiving and transmitting antennas; S3, receiving and transmitting two pairs of antennas for time division calibration under the cooperative participation of two calibration stations; The method of the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps: S31, sequentially selecting one antenna from the two receiving antennas, and performing uplink calibration in a time-sharing manner; s32, the calibration station 1 and the calibration station 2 respectively send calibration signals in a time-sharing way, receive the calibration signals on the satellite, and measure the pitching differences x1 and x2 and the azimuth differences y1 and y2 pointed by the antenna through a single-channel closed-loop self-tracking algorithm; s33, calculating the difference value of the pitch difference and the azimuth difference of two calibration stations on the satellite, namely delta_x= |x1-x2|, delta_y= |y1-y2|, and judging whether delta_x0 and delta_y0 are stored on the satellite or not: (a) If not, then it is determined if delta_x < a and delta_y < b, a and b are small and both are greater than 0: a1. If yes, outputting x1 and y1 to an antenna controller, calibrating pitch difference and azimuth difference by driving an antenna through a motor until the calibration residual error meets the requirement, completing the calibration of the auxiliary antenna, and returning to the step S31 to calibrate the other auxiliary antenna; a2. If not, storing the data that delta_x0=delta_x, delta_y0=delta_y, then rotating the platform clockwise around the yaw axis by delta_z, wherein delta_z is the minimum adjustment angle of the attitude and orbit of the platform on the yaw axis, and returning to the step S32; (b) If so, it is determined whether delta_x < delta_x0 and delta_y < delta_y0: b1. If yes, go to step S33- (a), i.e. determine whether delta_x < a and delta_y < b; b2. If not, let delta_z= -delta_z, then go to step S33- (a) -a2.
2. 2. The multi-beam calibration method for the high-throughput satellite receiving and transmitting split antenna according to claim 1, wherein the method for calibrating station site selection design in step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: S11, selecting a beam at the center and a coverage area edge beam farthest from the center beam from all beams of the coverage area as two calibration beams, and respectively establishing two calibration stations at the beam centers of the coverage area center and the edge beam, namely a calibration station 1 and a calibration station 2, for realizing uplink calibration conveniently; s12, for the site selection of the calibration station, if the selected beam or the beam center position is not suitable for building the calibration station, adjacent beams or slightly deviated from the beam center can be selected, but the two calibration stations are required to be ensured to be as far away as possible and to be located in the beam center as possible.
3. 3. The method for calibrating multiple beams applicable to separate antennas for high-throughput satellite transceiving according to claim 1, wherein said method for designing feeds for receiving and transmitting antennas in step S2 specifically comprises the following steps: S21, for a receiving antenna, selecting one feed source in a feed source cluster for synthesizing a coverage area central beam or an edge beam as a calibration feed source, adding a differential mode coupler to realize common use of user communication and calibration, and for a transmitting antenna, adding a receiving channel besides adding the differential mode coupler in one feed source in the feed source cluster for synthesizing two beams so as to ensure that a calibration signal transmitted by the ground can be received.

Description

Multi-beam calibration method suitable for high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separate antenna Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separate antennas, in particular to a multi-beam calibration method suitable for a high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separate antenna. Background Each beam of the multi-caliber single feed source is the simplest and most direct beam forming mode, and the multi-caliber single feed source is widely applied to the current high-flux satellite system due to the advantages of high radiation efficiency, convenience in feeding, good co-polarization and cross-polarization characteristics between adjacent beams, capability of receiving and transmitting and sharing and the like. However, as the requirements of the high-throughput satellite system on the ultra-narrow beam high capacity and high flexibility become higher and higher in the future, the beam forming mode of receiving and transmitting the integrated multi-caliber single feed source per beam is difficult to meet the increasing and diversified requirements of users. For a high-flux satellite adopting a receiving and transmitting separated antenna, a formed spot beam is usually narrow and has high gain, if the on-orbit direction has larger deviation, the edge gain of a coverage area is seriously influenced, the carrier-to-interference ratio of the same-frequency beam is deteriorated, and the system performance is influenced, so that research of a multi-beam calibration method suitable for the receiving and transmitting separated antenna of the high-flux satellite is needed to be developed, a foreign communication satellite usually adopts uplink calibration for a receiving antenna of a user side aiming at the beam calibration method of the receiving separated antenna, namely a ground station transmits calibration signals, on-board measurement and calibration are carried out, such as a Spaceway satellite system, and a transmitting antenna adopts downlink calibration, namely on-board transmission calibration signals, and the ground calibration station measures and calibrates and controls in a mode of up-injection instructions, such as an AceS satellite. When multi-beam calibration is performed on a high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separated antenna, three important defects exist in the traditional method: (1) When the two antennae separated by the existing satellite transceiver are used for calibrating, the calibration stations are respectively built at the beam center and the beam edge based on the schemes of uplink calibration and downlink calibration, and the calibration stations cannot be shared by the transceiver antennae, so that the construction cost is high; (2) If the transmitting antenna adopts a downlink calibration scheme, a ground calibration station is required to process the received data, calculate the pointing error, and then annotate a calibration control instruction on the satellite, so that the real-time performance of calibration is poor; (3) The design of calibrating each antenna by a single calibrating station can calibrate the pointing error of the calibrating beam, but the pointing errors of other beams except the calibrating beam caused by the satellite yaw angle error are difficult to calibrate. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a multi-beam calibration method suitable for a high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separated antenna. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A multi-beam calibration method suitable for a high-flux satellite receiving and transmitting separated antenna comprises the following steps: s1, site selection design of a calibration station; s2, designing feed sources of receiving and transmitting antennas; s3, receiving and transmitting two pairs of antennas for time division calibration under the cooperative participation of the two calibration stations. Preferably, the method for designing the site selection of the station in the step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11, selecting a beam at the center and a coverage area edge beam farthest from the center beam from all beams of the coverage area as two calibration beams, and respectively establishing two calibration stations at the beam centers of the coverage area center and the edge beam, namely a calibration station 1 and a calibration station 2, for realizing uplink calibration conveniently; s12, for the site selection of the calibration station, if the selected beam or the beam center position is not suitable for building the calibration station, adjacent beams or slightly deviated from the beam center can be selected, but the two calibration stations are required to be ensured to be as far away as possible and to be located in the beam center as possible. Preferably, the method for designing t