CN-115815782-B - Method for precisely clamping workpiece for inertia friction welding

CN115815782BCN 115815782 BCN115815782 BCN 115815782BCN-115815782-B

Abstract

The invention provides a method for precisely clamping a workpiece for inertia friction welding, which is suitable for clamping shaft/pipe workpieces, and adopts a welding clamping tool (10) and a feeding clamping tool (20), wherein the welding clamping tool (10) comprises a tool body (11), clamping jaws (12) and a push rod (13), the feeding clamping tool (20) comprises a tool seat (21), a chuck connecting seat (22), a slide rod (23), a spring (24) and a chuck assembly, and two adjacent sides of the chuck connecting seat (22) are respectively provided with a first chuck assembly (250) and a second chuck assembly (260) through assemblies formed by the slide rod (23) and the spring (24). The method can accurately position and stably clamp the workpiece to be welded when the workpiece to be welded is fed, ensures coaxiality, and effectively avoids the problems of inaccurate position, out-of-place limit, poor coaxiality and the like caused by feeding the workpiece to be welded only by moving the robot mechanical arm to the position point.

Inventors

WU XIA
LI ZHONGSHENG
CHEN DAJUN
FU YANGFAN
LIU ZHENGTAO
MO FEI
CONG DALONG
DAI YE

Assignees

中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20221202

Claims (6)

1. A method for precisely clamping a workpiece for inertia friction welding is characterized in that a welding clamping tool and a feeding clamping tool are adopted, the welding clamping tool comprises a tool body, clamping claws and a push rod, the feeding clamping tool comprises a tool seat, a chuck connecting seat, a slide rod, a spring and a chuck assembly, the tool seat is connected with the tail end of a robot arm, the chuck connecting seat is arranged in the tool seat, two adjacent side surfaces of the chuck connecting seat are respectively provided with a first chuck assembly and a second chuck assembly through assemblies formed by the slide rod and the spring, the first chuck assembly and the second chuck assembly are respectively used for clamping a shaft workpiece to be welded and a pipe workpiece to be welded, the welding clamping tool is arranged on a main shaft of a friction welding machine, one end of the tool body, which is far away from the friction welding machine, is provided with a clamping hole, the bottom of the clamping hole is uniformly provided with the clamping claws, the inner wall of one end, which is far away from the main shaft of the friction welding machine, of the push rod is of a conical structure, which is gradually smaller in the direction, and the diameter of the push rod is far away from the friction welding machine, and a plurality of clamping ribs are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the push rod; The method for precisely clamping the workpiece comprises the steps of installing a welding clamping tool, preprocessing a workpiece to be welded, clamping the workpiece to be welded by a feeding clamping tool, clamping the workpiece to be welded into the welding clamping tool, jacking the workpiece to be welded, pre-clamping by clamping claws, and loosening the workpiece by the feeding clamping tool.
2. The method for precisely clamping the workpiece for inertia friction welding according to claim 1, wherein one end of the sliding rod is slidably connected with the chuck connecting seat, the other end of the sliding rod is connected with the chuck assembly, a spring is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the chuck assembly and the chuck connecting seat.
3. The method for precisely clamping the workpiece for inertia friction welding as set forth in claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the slide bar is provided with a limiting ring.
4. The method for precisely clamping workpieces for inertia friction welding according to claim 2, wherein the chuck assembly comprises a connecting plate, a driving cavity and chucks, the connecting plate is fixedly connected with one end of the slide rod, which is far away from the chuck connecting seat, the driving cavity is arranged on one side of the connecting plate, which is far away from the slide rod, the chucks are arranged on one side of the driving cavity, which is far away from the connecting plate, the inner wall of one end, which is far away from the driving cavity, of the first chuck assembly is provided with an inner groove, the end face of the inner groove is provided with a plurality of second ribs, and the outer wall of one end, which is far away from the driving cavity, of the second chuck assembly is provided with an outer groove, and the end face of the outer groove is provided with a plurality of third ribs.
5. The method for precisely clamping a workpiece for inertia friction welding as set forth in claim 4, wherein the inner groove surface is provided with an inward concave arc structure and the outer groove surface is provided with an outward convex arc structure.
6. The method for precisely clamping a workpiece for inertia friction welding according to claim 4, wherein the method for precisely clamping the workpiece is specifically as follows: a. Installing a welding clamping tool, namely installing the welding clamping tool on a rotating main shaft of a friction welding machine and ensuring that the welding clamping tool and the rotating main shaft of the friction welding machine are coaxial; b. Pretreatment of workpieces to be welded: a circular groove is processed on the end face of the shaft workpiece, which is close to the friction welding machine, according to the diameter of the ejector rod, and a first clamping groove is processed on the outer wall of the circular groove corresponding to the clamping rib on the outer wall of the ejector rod; for the pipe workpiece, processing a second clamping groove on the end face of one end of the pipe workpiece, which is close to the friction welding machine, corresponding to the clamping rib on the outer wall of the ejector rod; c. The feeding fixture tool clamps the workpiece to be welded: Clamping the outer wall of the shaft workpiece through a first chuck of the first chuck assembly, and ensuring that the side wall of the inner groove props against the end face of the shaft workpiece far away from the friction welding machine; for the tubular workpiece, clamping the inner wall of the tubular workpiece through a second chuck of the second chuck assembly, and ensuring that the side wall of the outer groove is propped against the tubular workpiece; d. The end walking position of the arm of the robot is preset, the arm of the robot moves according to the preset position, one end of the workpiece to be welded far away from the feeding fixture is placed in the clamping hole, the end face of the workpiece to be welded is not contacted with the ejector rod, and the axis of the workpiece to be welded is initially positioned with the axis of the main shaft of the friction welding machine; e. The inner top of the workpiece to be welded is that after the workpiece to be welded is initially positioned by a robot arm, the workpiece to be welded is controlled to translate along the main shaft direction of the friction welding machine through the robot arm, one end of the workpiece to be welded, which is close to the friction welding machine, is gradually contacted with the ejector rod; f. The clamping claw performs pre-clamping, namely the clamping claw is started to clamp the outer wall of the shaft type or pipe type workpiece; g. and the feeding clamping tool loosens the workpiece, returns to the initial position and then carries out the friction welding process.

Description

Method for precisely clamping workpiece for inertia friction welding Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of metal solid-phase welding, in particular to a method for precisely clamping a workpiece for inertia friction welding. Background Radial inertia friction welding is one of the effective methods for realizing high-strength connection of dissimilar metal annular composite members such as aluminum-steel, aluminum-titanium, low-carbon steel-high-strength alloy steel and the like, has the advantages of light weight, high strength and low cost, and is widely applied to the fields of weaponry, aerospace, vehicles, ships and the like. The existing radial inertia friction welding realizes automatic feeding and discharging of workpieces through a robot, reduces labor cost, increases safety and high efficiency in a welding production process, adopts the robot to feed and discharge, clamps the workpieces to be welded through a clamp at the tail end of a robot arm, then walks to a proper position through a space position point set by a robot program, and puts the workpieces to be welded into the space position point, so that feeding of the workpieces to be welded is realized. However, when the existing radial inertia friction welding machine is equipped with a robot, and the clamp clamps the workpiece to be welded to be placed in the welding position, the workpiece to be welded is placed only through the spatial position point set by the robot, the workpiece to be welded is inaccurately placed in the position and is limited in place (namely, the workpiece to be welded is placed at the clamping position of the main shaft only and the clamping jaw of the main shaft can firmly clamp the workpiece to be welded), after the welding machine clamps the workpiece to be welded in advance, the whole workpiece to be welded can form a cantilever structure (namely, the cantilever structure taking the clamping end of the clamping jaw of the main shaft as a supporting point), so that the bearing torque of the welding clamping tool is increased and the service life of the welding clamping tool is reduced in the welding process when the welding pressure is applied, and meanwhile, the cantilever structure can cause radial runout when the workpiece to be welded follows the rotation of the flywheel, so that the welding quality is affected. In addition, when the robot equipped with the existing radial inertia friction welding machine is used for placing the workpiece to be welded, the coaxiality of the workpiece to be welded and a main shaft of the welding machine, namely, the coaxiality of the workpiece to be welded and the main shaft of the welding machine, is not guaranteed, and the problems of uneven stress, slipping and the like of the workpiece to be welded in the welding process are easily caused, so that the welding quality of the workpiece is seriously reduced, even the problems of unwelded and the like are caused, the welding efficiency is reduced, and the waste of raw materials is increased. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for accurately clamping the workpiece for the inertia friction welding, which can accurately position and firmly clamp the workpiece to be welded when the workpiece to be welded is fed, ensure the coaxiality of the workpiece to be welded and a main shaft of a welding machine, and effectively avoid the problems of inaccurate position, insufficient limit, poor coaxiality and the like caused by feeding the workpiece to be welded only by moving to a position point of a robot mechanical arm, thereby improving the welding quality, prolonging the service life of a welding tool and improving the welding efficiency. The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: The method is suitable for clamping shaft/pipe workpieces and is characterized in that a welding clamping tool and a loading clamping tool are adopted, the welding clamping tool comprises a tool body, clamping jaws and a push rod, the loading clamping tool comprises a tool seat, a chuck connecting seat, a slide bar, a spring and a chuck assembly, the tool seat is connected with the tail end of a robot arm, the chuck connecting seat is arranged in the tool seat, a first chuck assembly and a second chuck assembly are respectively arranged on two adjacent side surfaces of the chuck connecting seat through assemblies formed by the slide bar and the spring, and the first chuck assembly and the second chuck assembly are respectively used for clamping a shaft workpiece to be welded and a pipe workpiece to be welded; The method for precisely clamping the workpiece comprises the steps of installing a welding clamping tool, preprocessing a workpiece to be welded, clamping the workpiece to be welded by a feeding clamping tool, clamping the workpiece to be welded into the welding clamping tool, jacking the workpiece to be welded, pre-clamp