CN-115823875-B - Novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory material and heating method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory materials and a method for recycling and heating the waste carbon-containing refractory materials by using the novel heat source generator; the generator comprises a furnace body for burning carbon-containing refractory materials, a feeding system for providing combustible materials for the furnace body, a combustion-supporting system for supporting the combustion of the materials, a combustion-supporting agent added into the upper pipe section of the furnace body for promoting the continuous combustion of the refractory materials, and a cooling system for timely taking away heat generated by the combustion, wherein the heat can be used for heating, power generation, hot water supply bathing and the like. Through the device and the corresponding method, carbon in the waste material is removed at lower cost, and simultaneously, heat generated by combustion is fully utilized, so that the production cost is reduced and the energy consumption is reduced.

Inventors

• ZHANG SHIDONG
• GENG HAO

Assignees

• 张世东

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20211222

Claims (2)

1. 1. A recovery processing method of waste carbon-containing refractory material adopts a novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory material to recover and heat, and is characterized in that, The novel heat source generator utilizing the waste carbon-containing refractory materials comprises a furnace body (1) for burning the carbon-containing refractory materials, a feeding system (4) for providing combustible materials for the furnace body, and a combustion-supporting system (3) for supporting the burning of the materials; the feeding system (4) comprises a mixing tank (41) and a feeding pipeline (42), waste carbon-containing refractory materials which are subjected to crushing treatment preferentially are added in the mixing tank (41), auxiliary fuel is also added before, after or simultaneously with the waste carbon-containing refractory materials, The feeding system (4) further comprises a material splitting device, one end of the material splitting device is connected with the feeding pipeline (42), and the other end of the material splitting device is communicated to the inside of the furnace body (1); The auxiliary fuel is bio-based fuel, and the carbon content of the mixed materials in the mixing tank (41) is more than 8% of the total weight by adding the bio-based fuel; The furnace body (1) comprises three pipe sections which are communicated with each other from top to bottom: An upper pipe section (11), wherein the material continuously reacts with the combustion improver from the combustion-supporting system (3) and generates heat, A middle pipe section (12), wherein the burnt material is continuously cooled down, and A lower pipe section (13) with a discharge hole arranged at the bottom, the cooled material is discharged from the discharge hole, The upper pipe section (11) and the middle pipe section (12) are integrally formed, the lower pipe section (13) is fixedly connected with the middle pipe section (12), and the lower pipe section (13) is arranged to be in a closed shape; The generator also comprises a cooling system essentially comprising a coolant inlet duct (61), a coolant outlet duct (63) and a cooling duct (62) connected thereto, and optionally a drive device for bubbling coolant and providing power, The cooling pipeline (62) is a spiral coil; the spiral coil comprises a lower spiral pipe, a middle spiral pipe and an upper spiral pipe which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, wherein the inner diameter sizes of the lower spiral pipe (71), the middle spiral pipe (72) and the upper spiral pipe (73) are sequentially increased; A material removing machine is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1) and comprises a plurality of spiral rods (14) which are arranged in parallel, Tooth grooves (142) are formed in the outer contours of blades (141) of the screw rod (14); the screw rods (14) rotate simultaneously, but the rotating speeds of the screw rods (14) at different positions can be selectively controlled, and the rotating speeds of the screw rods (14) at different positions can be set to be different from each other or can be independently adjusted; A closed top cover (2) is arranged at the top of the furnace body (1) and is a hemispherical cover body, and a feeding system (4) and an exhaust system (5) are connected to the top cover (2); the combustion-supporting system (3) is used for blowing combustion-supporting agent into the furnace body (1) and comprises a blower (31) provided with a plurality of blowers, Each blower (31) is correspondingly provided with at least one main air supply pipeline (32), and a plurality of branch pipes (33) are communicated with the main air supply pipeline; a plurality of temperature sensors are sequentially arranged in the furnace body (1) from top to bottom; the first temperature sensor (91) is arranged on the inner side of the closed top cover (2) and is adjacent to an exhaust pipe interface of the exhaust system (5), and the first temperature sensor (91) is in signal connection with the feeding system (4), so that the working state of the feeding system (4) can be controlled; The second temperature sensor (92) is arranged in the upper pipe section (11), the height of the arrangement position is two-fifths of the height position of the upper pipe section, and the second temperature sensor (92) is adjacent to the second branch pipe (33) on the upper pipe section, and is in signal connection with the combustion supporting system (3) and can control the working state of the combustion supporting system (3); The third temperature sensor (93) is arranged at the junction of the upper pipe section (11) and the middle pipe section (12), namely, below a branch pipe of the combustion supporting system (3), the position of the third temperature sensor is the position with the highest temperature in the furnace body, and the third temperature sensor (93) is connected with the combustion supporting system (3) through signals, so that the combustion supporting system (3) can be controlled to be started or closed; The fourth temperature sensor (94) is arranged in the middle pipe section (12) and has a distance of 1 meter with the material removing machine, and the fourth temperature sensor (94) is connected with the combustion-supporting system (3) and the material removing machine in a signal manner and can control the working state of the material removing machine; The method comprises the following steps: step 1, the furnace body (1) is filled with combustion materials, Waste carbon-containing refractory materials after crushing treatment are filled in a middle pipe section (12) and a lower pipe section (13) of the furnace body (1); Wherein the crushing treatment ensures that the weight ratio of the materials with the particle size of 40-50 mm in the refractory material is 20%, the weight ratio of the materials with the particle size of 20-40 mm in the refractory material is 40%, the weight ratio of the materials with the particle size of 5-20 mm in the refractory material is 30%, the weight ratio of the materials with the particle size of less than 5mm in the refractory material is 10%, The ignition fuel filled in the upper pipe section (11) can be bark or wood, and the ignition fuel also comprises diesel added after ignition; Step 2, starting a combustion supporting system (3) and an exhaust system, and igniting a primer; the rotational speeds of the blower (31) and the exhaust system (5) are relatively low during starting and gradually increased, and the normal working power is 50-60% of the limiting power after one hour of starting, the normal working power is increased by 5-10% when an instruction for increasing the power is obtained each time, and the normal working power is reduced by 5-10% when an instruction for reducing the power is obtained each time; step 3, starting a feeding system (4), adding materials into the furnace body (1), and burning; The method comprises the specific operation that diesel oil is added into a furnace body (1) after ignition of ignition fuel for 5-10 minutes, and then the feeding system (4) starts to work for 5-10 minutes, and materials are added into the furnace body (1); The method comprises the steps of starting to add materials, wherein the material adding rate is lower, gradually increasing the feeding speed, and when the diesel oil is stopped to be added, reaching the normal feeding speed, namely, executing feeding operation with normal working power, wherein the adding amount of the diesel oil is determined according to the temperature obtained by a second temperature sensor in a furnace body, when the temperature at the second temperature sensor is lower than 750 ℃, increasing the adding rate, and when the temperature is higher than 850 ℃, reducing the adding rate; When the feeding system (4) starts to work, the cooling system synchronously starts to work; Step 4, starting a material removing machine, and gradually discharging the calcined material; The specific operation is that after ignition of the ignition fuel for 6-12 hours, a material removing machine is started, a plurality of screw rods (14) are controlled to rotate, and the waste carbon-containing refractory materials after calcination are gradually discharged through the material removing machine; when the material removing machine starts to start, the waste carbon-containing refractory materials which are added in the step 1 and are not subjected to calcination treatment are discharged from a furnace body, the materials are required to be added into a feeding system (4) as raw materials again, and the discharged materials are converted into calcined carbon-removing materials after the material removing machine starts to work for 6-12 hours, wherein the weight content of magnesium oxide in the calcined carbon-removing materials is more than 85%; After the blower (31), the exhaust system (5), the material removing machine and the feeding system (4) are started, the furnace body enters a stable working stage, and each device starts working with normal working power, if no special condition exists, the furnace body can not be stopped, so that the furnace body (1) can continuously and continuously produce sintered carbon removing materials mainly comprising magnesium oxide; after the step 4 is executed, the heat source generator enters a stable working state; In the stable working state, the working state of the feeding system (4) is controlled through the smoke mouth temperature obtained in real time by the first temperature sensor, when the smoke mouth temperature reaches more than 200 ℃, the feeding system (4) is controlled to keep normal working power, materials are continuously added into a furnace body to press a flame in the furnace, the smoke mouth temperature is prevented from further rising, when the smoke mouth temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃, the feeding system is controlled to stop working, when the smoke mouth temperature is higher than 250 ℃, the combustion supporting system (3) is controlled to reduce the air inlet quantity, namely the power is reduced, and when the smoke mouth temperature is lower than 150 ℃, the combustion supporting system (3) is controlled to increase the air inlet quantity, namely the power is increased; the operation effect of the furnace body, namely the combustion temperature, is obtained in real time through the second temperature sensor, when the combustion temperature reaches more than 1000 ℃, the combustion supporting system (3) is controlled to reduce the air inlet quantity, namely the power, and when the combustion temperature reaches less than 800 ℃, the combustion supporting system (3) is controlled to increase the air inlet quantity, namely the power; The warning temperature of the furnace body is obtained in real time through a third temperature sensor, when the warning temperature reaches above 1300 ℃, the combustion supporting system (3) is controlled to stop working, the air supply is stopped, the power of the cooling system is increased, and when the warning temperature reaches below 1100 ℃, the combustion supporting system (3) is controlled to start working and work according to the normal working power; The discharging temperature of the furnace body is obtained in real time through the fourth temperature sensor, when the discharging temperature reaches more than 200 ℃, the material removing machine is controlled to stop working, when the temperature of the smoke inlet is also more than 200 ℃, the combustion supporting system (3) is controlled to reduce the air inlet quantity, namely the power is reduced, and when the discharging temperature reaches less than 200 ℃, the material removing machine is controlled to work at the normal working power.
2. 2. The method for recycling waste carbonaceous refractory material according to claim 1, wherein, A heat exchanger (9) is arranged outside the furnace body (1), a heat source inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a coolant output pipeline (63), a cooling medium in the heat exchanger (9) is air, and the heat exchanger is heated in the heat exchanger (9) and then is connected with an air inlet of a blower of the combustion-supporting system (3).

Description

Novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbon-containing refractory material and heating method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a recycling device of a carbon-containing waste high-temperature resistant material and application thereof, in particular to a novel heat source generator utilizing a waste carbon-containing refractory material and a heating method thereof. Background The carbon-containing refractory materials comprise magnesia carbon bricks, magnesia alumina carbon bricks and the like, are generally used in blast furnaces for iron making, when the carbon-containing refractory materials are used for a long time and need to be replaced, refractory bricks are often required to be taken out of the blast furnaces, and are treated in a landfill and other waste modes, or are recycled in a water washing mode, but the existing recycling scheme is relatively backward, a large amount of energy sources are required to be consumed, the environment is not protected, the economy is not guaranteed, the carbon components in the carbon-containing refractory materials are generally regarded as impurities in the existing recycling scheme, the carbon components are required to be removed for recycling the magnesium oxide serving as active components, and the magnesium bricks are recycled. For the above reasons, the present inventors have made intensive studies on the recycling method of the existing waste carbonaceous refractory materials, and have expected to design a new treatment apparatus and treatment method capable of solving the above problems. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the problems, the inventor has conducted intensive researches and designs a novel heat source generator using waste carbon-containing refractory materials and a heating method thereof, wherein the generator comprises a furnace body, the furnace body at least comprises three mutually communicated pipe sections from top to bottom, namely an upper pipe section, a middle pipe section and a lower pipe section, the upper pipe section is used for promoting continuous combustion of the refractory materials by adding combustion improver, and simultaneously, generated smoke and surplus air/nitrogen in the furnace are timely discharged out of the furnace, a cooling system is added in the furnace to timely take away heat generated by combustion in the furnace, and the taken away heat can be used for heating, power generation, hot water bath and the like. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a novel heat source generator utilizing waste carbonaceous refractory materials, The generator comprises a furnace body for burning carbon-containing refractory materials, a feeding system for providing combustible materials for the furnace body, and a combustion-supporting system for supporting the burning of the materials. Wherein, the furnace body includes three pipe sections that communicate each other from top to bottom: an upper pipe section, wherein the material continuously acts with combustion improver from the combustion-supporting system and generates heat, A middle pipe section, wherein the burnt material is continuously cooled down, and A lower pipe section, the bottom of which is provided with a discharge hole, the cooled material is discharged from the discharge hole, Preferably, the upper pipe section and the middle pipe section can be integrally formed, the lower pipe section and the middle pipe section are solidified, and more preferably, the lower pipe section is arranged in a closed shape. Wherein the combustion-supporting system is used for blowing combustion-supporting agent (oxygen or oxygen-containing gas such as air, preferably air) into the furnace body and mainly comprises a plurality of blowers, for example at least two blowers, preferably in pairs or at equal intervals along the periphery of the furnace body, Preferably, each blower corresponds to at least one main supply duct with a branch duct communicating therewith. Wherein, be provided with airtight top cap at the top of furnace body, be hemispherical lid, be connected with feeding system and exhaust system on the top cap. Wherein the feed system comprises a mixing tank, in which waste carbonaceous refractory material, preferably subjected to a crushing treatment, is added, optionally with an auxiliary fuel before, after or simultaneously with the addition of the waste carbonaceous refractory material, Preferably, the feeding system further comprises a material dividing device, one end of the material dividing device is connected with the feeding pipeline, and the other end of the material dividing device is communicated to the inside of the furnace body. Wherein the generator further comprises a cooling system mainly comprising a coolant inlet pipe, a coolant outlet pipe and a cooling pipe connected thereto, and optionally a driving device for bubbling coolant and providing power, Preferably, the cooling duct may be