CN-115839919-B - Aviation remote sensing instrument based on Fourier spectrometer

CN115839919BCN 115839919 BCN115839919 BCN 115839919BCN-115839919-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of optical measurement, and discloses an aerial remote sensing instrument based on a Fourier spectrometer. Target radiation enters the front light path component through the scanning mirror, enters the transmission light path component through the front light path 45-degree plane mirror and the plane mirror window, enters the interferometer component after passing through the two 45-degree plane mirrors in the transmission light path component, enters the normal-temperature optical component in the telescope after passing through the movable mirror, the fixed mirror and the beam splitter in the interferometer component, and enters the low-temperature optical component in the Stirling refrigerator after passing through the normal-temperature optical component and the plane mirror window. The final detector converts the interference signal generated by the interference optics into an electric signal, and the electric signal is processed, amplified, digitized and transmitted to a computer data storage system.

Inventors

SUN YUEGAO
GU MINGJIAN
ZHU YIQI
CHEN XING
DONG YIHUI
FAN YUMAO

Assignees

中科技术物理苏州研究院
中国科学院上海技术物理研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20221201

Claims (7)

1. An aerial remote sensing instrument based on a fourier spectrometer, comprising: The optical device is carried in the aircraft tail cabin, and is electrically connected with the internal devices of the optical device and is positioned at one side of the optical device; The optical device comprises a supporting plate, an optical instrument main body and a front light path component, wherein the supporting plate is adapted to the aircraft tail cabin, the optical instrument main body is positioned on the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the front light path component is positioned on the lower surface of the supporting plate and connected with the optical instrument main body; The optical instrument main body comprises a vacuum box body, a transmission light path component for receiving the light beam from the front light path component, an interferometer component for receiving the light beam from the transmission light path component, a normal-temperature optical component for receiving the light beam from the interferometer component, and a low-temperature optical component for receiving the light beam from the normal-temperature optical component; when the light beam emitted by the target radiation light source passes through the front light path component, the transmission light path component, the interferometer component and the normal-temperature optical component to the low-temperature optical component, the interference signal generated by the light beam through interference optics is converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is processed, amplified, digitized and transmitted to a computer for data storage; The transfer light path assembly includes: the bottom end face and the rear end face of the frame are respectively provided with an optical inlet for receiving the light beam from the front light path component and an optical outlet for emitting the light beam to the interferometer component; the optical path turning piece is oppositely arranged on two end surfaces of the frame and comprises a mirror chamber frame which is embedded on the frame and is hollow, an annular convex edge is outwards arranged on one end surface of the mirror chamber frame facing the frame, a first groove is formed in the mirror chamber frame, a blocking edge is formed in the first groove, a second turning mirror which is matched with the frame and one end surface of which is abutted against the blocking edge, and a glue layer which is arranged between contact surfaces of the frame and the second turning mirror; the front end face and the top end face of the frame are sealed by sealing plates, and a second groove matched with the sealing plates is formed in the frame; The second turning mirror is in clearance fit with the first groove; the first groove is provided with an arc-shaped groove for accommodating the corner of the second turning mirror, and colloid is injected into the arc-shaped groove to fix the second turning mirror.
2. The fourier spectrometer-based aerial remote sensing instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein the front optical path assembly comprises a support beam coupled to the optical instrument body; the installation frame is connected to the supporting beam, and an observation space is formed in the installation frame; The first black body and the second black body are symmetrically arranged on the mounting frame, and the outer surfaces of the first black body and the second black body are sequentially provided with a heating plate and a heat preservation layer from inside to outside; The scanning motor is arranged on the mounting frame and positioned on one surface of the first black body adjacent to the second black body, and the output end of the scanning motor extends into the observation space and is connected with a scanning mirror for earth observation; The folding frame is connected to the mounting frame and is opposite to the scanning motor, a light path space is arranged in the folding frame, and the first folding mirror is connected to the folding frame and is used for receiving a refraction light path of the scanning mirror; And the light path protection cover is vertically arranged on the folding frame and connected with the vacuum box body.
3. The aerial remote sensing instrument based on the Fourier spectrometer according to claim 2, wherein one ends of the first black body and the second black body extend into the observation space, and a heat insulation pad is arranged between the first black body and the second black body and the mounting frame; the heat insulation pad and the heat preservation layer are made of polyimide materials.
4. The fourier spectrometer-based aerial remote sensing instrument of claim 2, wherein the heating plates are at least six, and are annularly spaced apart on the surfaces of the first and second black bodies.
5. The fourier spectrometer-based aerial remote sensing instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein the interferometer assembly comprises a beam splitter for receiving the beam from the transfer path assembly, the beam splitter transmitting one beam onto a moving mirror on one side of the beam splitter, the beam splitter reflecting another beam onto a fixed mirror on one side of the beam splitter, the light on the moving mirror and the fixed mirror converging to form coherent light and directing the coherent light to the ambient temperature optical assembly for processing; The vacuum box body is provided with an airlock nitrogen bottle for fixing the moving mirror which is required to be adjusted when the instrument runs; And a laser light source and a laser detector for controlling the interferometer component are arranged between the transmission light path component and the normal-temperature optical component.
6. The fourier spectrometer-based aerial remote sensing instrument of claim 1, wherein the ambient optical assembly comprises a secondary mirror for receiving the beam from the interferometer assembly, the secondary mirror reflecting light to a three mirror, a primary mirror, and a fold mirror through which the beam is directed out of an ambient window to the cryogenic optical assembly for processing.
7. The aerial remote sensing instrument of claim 1 wherein the cryogenic optical assembly comprises a first dichroic filter for receiving the light beam from the ambient temperature optical assembly, the first dichroic filter reflecting the light signals at different wavelengths through the first dichroic filter onto a mirror and a second dichroic filter, respectively, the light beam on the second dichroic filter exiting through a first medium wavelength window, one of the light beams passing through the first medium wavelength filter to the first medium wavelength immersion lens, the other light beam passing through the long wavelength filter to the long wavelength double lens group, the mirror exiting the light path through a second medium wavelength window to the second medium wavelength immersion lens.

Description

Aviation remote sensing instrument based on Fourier spectrometer Technical Field The invention relates to the field of optical measurement, in particular to an aerial remote sensing instrument based on a Fourier spectrometer. Background The spectrum imaging technology can perform spectrum imaging on the same ground object target on a continuous spectrum wave band, and complete integration of space, radiation and spectrum triple information of the ground object target. The airborne spectrum imaging system is a main implementation mode of modern ground remote sensing detection application, and plays an irreplaceable role in the fields of mineral identification, disaster monitoring, regional vegetation mapping, military defense and the like. With the improvement of detection requirements, the airborne spectrum imaging system needs to simultaneously consider a wide spectrum range and high spectrum resolution, and in order to achieve the target, most airborne spectrometers are used for carrying a plurality of spectrometers to collect spectrum imaging data, or detection is completed at the expense of time, and similar schemes can increase the burden of an airborne platform and influence the detection accuracy. At present, the information obtained by the same time domain and ground detection of a satellite-borne hyperspectral instrument and an airborne hyperspectral instrument of the same type is compared, namely the authenticity of inversion of atmospheric profile of temperature and humidity is not further checked. Meanwhile, aviation flight verification is not performed on an optical system with consistent wind-cloud satellite load, so that the risk of on-orbit use of a satellite-borne instrument is increased, and the algorithm of a ground system cannot be researched, further improved, verified and optimized. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an aerial remote sensing instrument based on a Fourier spectrometer, which is used for solving the problem of reducing the risk of on-orbit use of a satellite-borne instrument and is beneficial to the algorithm research, the further improvement, the verification and the optimization of a ground system. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: An aerial remote sensing instrument based on a fourier spectrometer, comprising: The optical device is carried in the aircraft tail cabin, and is electrically connected with the internal devices of the optical device and is positioned at one side of the optical device; The optical device comprises a supporting plate, an optical instrument main body and a front light path component, wherein the supporting plate is adapted to the aircraft tail cabin, the optical instrument main body is positioned on the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the front light path component is positioned on the lower surface of the supporting plate and connected with the optical instrument main body; The optical instrument main body comprises a vacuum box body, a transmission light path component for receiving the light beam from the front light path component, an interferometer component for receiving the light beam from the transmission light path component, a normal-temperature optical component for receiving the light beam from the interferometer component, and a low-temperature optical component for receiving the light beam from the normal-temperature optical component; When the light beam emitted by the target radiation light source passes through the front light path component, the transmission light path component, the interferometer component and the normal-temperature optical component to the low-temperature optical component, the interference signal generated by the light beam through the interference optics is converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is processed, amplified, digitized and transmitted to the computer for data storage. According to the technical scheme, light beams emitted by the target radiation light source enter the front light path component, are reflected by the 45-degree plane mirrors and enter the transmission light path component, are reflected by the two 45-degree plane mirrors inside the transmission light path component and enter the interferometer component, form coherent light through the interferometer component, enter the normal-temperature optical component, and enter the low-temperature optical component after passing through the normal-temperature optical interior and the instrument side plane mirror window. The interference signals are converted into electric signals, and the electric signals are processed, amplified, digitized and transmitted to a computer for data storage. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front light path assembly includes a support beam connected to the optical instrument body; the installation frame is connected to the supporting beam, and an