CN-115855680-B - Large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device and calibration method

CN115855680BCN 115855680 BCN115855680 BCN 115855680BCN-115855680-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device and a calibrating method, comprising a clamping and fixing device, wherein the side surface of the clamping and fixing device is connected with a fixed foundation, the clamping and fixing device comprises a lower fixing plate and an upper pressing structure which are respectively connected with the fixed foundation, a measuring beam is placed on the upper surface of the lower fixing plate, the upper pressing structure is matched with the upper part of the measuring beam to fix the measuring beam, a frame structure is matched and installed on the measuring beam at one side of the clamping and fixing device, the frame structure is used for connecting a loading weight, and the device also comprises a pulley structure matched with the loading weight. The clamping of the measuring beam with various specifications is realized by arranging the clamping fixing device with the lower fixing plate and the upper pressing structure, the frame structure for connecting and loading the weight and the pulley structure are combined to realize the calibration of the bending moment, the shearing force and the torque coefficient of the measuring beam under the condition that the load loading tool is not disassembled, and meanwhile, equal and opposite forces are applied to the two sides of the measuring beam during the torque calibration, so that the calibration precision of the torque coefficient is improved.

Inventors

SI HAILONG
WEN LIANGJUN
CHEN SHUAI
JIANG CAIXIA
YANG JUN
WANG ZIYUAN
XIA JINSONG
JIN YAN
WANG YITAO
BIAN XIN
LI FEI

Assignees

中国船舶科学研究中心

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20221118

Claims (8)

1. The large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device is characterized by comprising a clamping and fixing device (10), wherein the side surface of the clamping and fixing device (10) is connected with a fixed foundation (6), the clamping and fixing device (10) comprises a lower fixing plate (12) and an upper pressing structure which are respectively connected with the fixed foundation (6), a measuring beam (3) is placed on the upper surface of the lower fixing plate (12), the upper pressing structure is matched with the upper part of the measuring beam (3) to fix the measuring beam (3), a frame structure (20) is matched and installed on the measuring beam (3) on one side of the clamping and fixing device (10), and the frame structure (20) is used for connecting a loading weight (40); Also comprises a pulley structure (50) matched with the loading weight (40); The structure of the frame structure (20) is that the frame structure comprises an upper frame component (21) and a lower frame component (22) which are arranged in parallel in a staggered manner up and down, the upper frame component (21) and the lower frame component (22) are the same in structure and are centrally symmetrical relative to the cross section center of the measuring beam (3), an adjusting groove (2103) is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the upper frame component (21), the adjusting groove (2103) of the upper frame component (21) and the adjusting groove (2103) of the lower frame component (22) are vertically corresponding, a pair of long screw components (23) are arranged in the adjusting groove (2103) which penetrates through the upper frame component (21) and the lower frame component (22), two ends of the long screw components (23) are respectively matched with the upper frame component (21) and the lower frame component (22), an annular structure is formed by surrounding the upper frame component (21) and the lower frame component (22) and the pair of long screw components (23), the inside of the annular structure is matched with the outer periphery of the cross section of the measuring beam (3), the loading weight (40) comprises a first weight block (41) hung at one end of the upper frame component (21) and a second weight block (41) and a second end (42) which are respectively arranged at two sides of the first frame component (41) and the second frame component (42), the horizontal distance between the hanging point of the first weight set (41) and the hanging point of the second weight set (42) and the center of the section of the measuring beam (3) is equal; when the loading weight (40) acts independently, bending moment and shear load are applied to the measuring beam (3) and are used for calibrating the bending moment and the shear of the measuring beam (3); When the loading weight (40) is matched with the pulley structure (50), the first weight group (41) is connected with the upper frame piece (21) through a flexible connecting wire, the flexible connecting wire is matched with the fixed pulley (51) at the upper end of the pulley structure (50), the flexible connecting wires at two sides of the fixed pulley (51) are parallel to each other, torque is applied to the measuring beam (3) by changing the direction of applied load, and the torque calibration of the measuring beam (3) is used.
2. A large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the upper pressing structure is structured to include a movable plate (13) engaged with an upper portion of the measuring beam (3), an upper fixed plate (11) is disposed above the movable plate (13), a side surface of the upper fixed plate (11) is connected with the fixed base (6), a pressing adjusting member (14) engaged with the movable plate (13) is disposed on the upper fixed plate (11), and the pressing adjusting member (14) is used for adjusting a relative distance between the movable plate (13) and the upper fixed plate (11) to enable the movable plate (13) to be engaged with the measuring beam (3).
3. The large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device as set forth in claim 2, wherein the upper fixing plate (11) has the same structure as the lower fixing plate (12), the upper fixing plate (11) has a structure including a fixing base plate (1101), a mounting portion (1102) having a plate-like structure is provided at one end of the fixing base plate (1101) perpendicular to the upper surface of the fixing base plate (1101), a mounting hole (1103) is provided in the mounting portion (1102), and the mounting portion (1102) is matched with the fixing base (6).
4. A large-size measuring Liang Biaoding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of screw holes (1104) are provided in the fixed base plate (1101) of the upper fixed plate (11), the pressing regulating member (14) is a fastener screw-fitted with the screw holes (1104), and one end of the pressing regulating member (14) passes through the screw holes (1104) and is fitted with the upper surface of the movable plate (13).
5. A large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pulley structure (50) is structured to include a pulley bracket (52), an upper portion of the pulley bracket (52) is rotatably connected to a fixed pulley (51), and a flexible connection line between the frame structure (20) and the loading weight (40) is engaged with the fixed pulley (51).
6. A calibration method using the large-size measuring beam calibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of: Step one, installing a measuring beam (3): The clamping and fixing device (10) is connected with the fixed foundation (6), the initial relative positions of the lower fixing plate (12) and the upper pressing structure are adjusted to enable the measuring beam (3) to be placed between the lower fixing plate (12) and the upper pressing structure, meanwhile, the lower fixing plate (12) plays a role in supporting the measuring beam (3), and then the upper pressing structure and the measuring beam (3) are matched to clamp the measuring beam (3), so that the measuring beam (3) can be fixed in position in the measuring process; Secondly, measuring preparation work: Determining the position of a measuring section (S) and the mounting position of the frame structure (20), wherein the measuring section (S) is positioned between the frame structure (20) and the clamping and fixing device (10), the distance between the measuring section (S) and the clamping and fixing device (10) is L 1 , and the distance between the frame structure (20) and the measuring section (S) is L 2 ; according to the test requirement, pasting strain gauges at corresponding positions of the measuring beam (3), and obtaining strain signals of all positions of the measuring beam (3) through the strain gauges in the test process; A first weight set (41) is hung at one end of an upper frame component (21) of the installed frame structure (20), a second weight set (42) is hung at one end of a lower frame component (22) of the installed frame structure (20), the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) are respectively positioned at two sides of the frame structure (20), the horizontal distances between the hanging points of the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) and the center of the section of the measuring beam (3) are equal, the horizontal distances between the hanging points of the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) and the center of the section of the measuring beam (3) are all L 3 , and the hanging points of the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) are symmetrical about the center of the section of the measuring beam (3); Connecting each strain gauge with a dynamic strain gauge, and obtaining signals of each strain gauge in the calibration process; thirdly, obtaining the strain signal variation of each position of the measuring beam (3): (one) obtaining the strain gauge signal variation for measuring bending moment : The weights with the mass of m are loaded successively at the corresponding positions of the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) at each time, then the weights with the mass of m are unloaded successively at the same time, the equal and same directions of the forces applied by the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) are ensured, and the signal change quantity of the strain gauge for measuring bending moment during each loading and unloading is obtained ; (II) obtaining the Strain gauge Signal Change for measuring shear force : The weights with the mass of m are loaded successively at the corresponding positions of the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) at each time, then the weights with the mass of m are unloaded successively at the same time, the forces applied by the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) are ensured to be equal in the same direction, and the change of the strain gauge signal for measuring the shearing force during each loading and unloading is obtained ; (III) Strain gauge Signal Change for measuring Torque The weights with the mass of m are loaded successively at the corresponding positions of the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) at the same time, and then the weights with the mass of m are unloaded successively at the same time, so that the equal and opposite directions of the forces applied by the first weight set (41) and the second weight set (42) are ensured, and the change of the signal of the strain gauge for measuring the torque during each loading and unloading is obtained ; Fourth, calculating to obtain the calibration coefficient of the measuring beam (3): when a weight with the mass m is loaded for a single time, the vertical bending moment born by the measurement section (S) is And the shear force borne by the measurement section (S) are respectively The torque received by the measurement section (S) is G is gravity acceleration; the bending moment calibration coefficient is : , For measuring the amount of change in the signal of a strain gauge for each loading and unloading Average value of (2); The shear calibration coefficient is (II) : = , For measuring the variation of the strain gauge signal for each loading and unloading Average value of (2); The torsion calibration coefficient is (III) : , For measuring the amount of change in the strain gauge signal for each loading and unloading Average value of (2); Bending moment calibration coefficient The shear force calibration coefficient is And a torsion calibration coefficient of The calibration coefficient of the measuring beam (3) is obtained.
7. The method of calibrating according to claim 6, wherein in the third step, the forces applied by the first weight stack (41) and the second weight stack (42) are equal and opposite, and the first weight stack (41) is naturally sagged by extending the flexible connection wire between the first weight stack (41) and the hanging point of the first weight stack (41) vertically upwards and then bypassing the fixed pulley (51), and simultaneously the second weight stack (42) is naturally sagged by connecting the flexible connection wire with the hanging point of the second weight stack (42).
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein after the calibration operations of the first to fourth steps are completed, the measuring beam (3) is taken out of the clamping fixture (10) while the frame structure (20) is removed, and the calibration operations of the first to fourth steps are repeated after the measuring beam is turned by 90 degrees around the axis.

Description

Large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device and calibration method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ship model wave load tests and tests, in particular to a large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device and a calibrating method. Background In order to develop test research on the wave load born by the ship with large opening characteristics when sailing in waves, a large-size measuring beam with a special form needs to be designed and processed, and before formal test, the vertical bending moment, the horizontal bending moment, the vertical shearing force, the horizontal shearing force and the torque of the measuring beam need to be calibrated, and the wave load born by the ship is obtained through the calibration coefficient and the calendar signal in the formal test process. The clamping structure of the traditional calibration device is only suitable for measuring beams with small sections, the calibration of large-size measuring beams is difficult to meet, a load is applied in a mode of hanging a rope and a weight when bending moment and shearing force are calibrated, and the calibration is carried out in a mode of fixing one end of the measuring beam and loading the other end of the measuring beam on one side when the torque is calibrated. Besides torsional deformation, bending deformation can occur on the torque calibration measurement beam, the accuracy of torsional calibration coefficients can be affected to a certain extent, and further the accuracy of a ship model wave load test is affected, and meanwhile, the operation of a weight hanging tool is required to be changed due to different calibration objects, so that the operation is inconvenient to a certain extent. Disclosure of Invention The inventor aims at the defects in the prior art, and provides a large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device and a calibrating method, so that the large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device is suitable for clamping of measuring beams with various specifications, a load loading tool is not required to be replaced when bending moment, shearing force and torque are calibrated, the operation is convenient, the load can be accurately applied in the calibrating process, and further the wave load born by a ship model in sailing in waves can be accurately measured. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: The large-size measuring Liang Biaoding device comprises a clamping and fixing device, wherein the side face of the clamping and fixing device is connected with a fixed foundation, the clamping and fixing device comprises a lower fixing plate and an upper pressing structure which are respectively connected with the fixed foundation, a measuring beam is placed on the upper surface of the lower fixing plate, the upper pressing structure is matched with the upper part of the measuring beam to fix the measuring beam, a frame structure is matched and installed on the measuring beam on one side of the clamping and fixing device, and the frame structure is used for connecting a loading weight; Also included is a pulley structure for engaging the loading weight. As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the upper pressing structure comprises a movable plate matched with the upper part of the measuring beam, an upper fixed plate is arranged above the movable plate, the side face of the upper fixed plate is connected with a fixed foundation, a pressing adjusting piece matched with the movable plate is arranged on the upper fixed plate, and the pressing adjusting piece is used for adjusting the relative distance between the movable plate and the upper fixed plate to enable the movable plate to be matched with the measuring beam. The upper fixing plate is identical to the lower fixing plate in structure, and comprises a fixing substrate, wherein one end of the fixing substrate is perpendicular to the upper surface of the fixing substrate and is provided with a mounting part with a plate-shaped structure, the mounting part is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting part is matched with a fixing foundation. The fixed baseplate of the upper fixed plate is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the compaction adjusting piece is a fastener in threaded fit with the threaded holes, and one end of the compaction adjusting piece penetrates through the threaded holes and is matched with the upper surface of the movable plate. The structure of the frame structure comprises an upper frame component and a lower frame component which are arranged in a staggered manner up and down, the upper frame component and the lower frame component are identical in structure and are centrally symmetrical relative to the cross section of the measuring beam, an adjusting groove is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the upper frame component, the upper frame component corresponds to the adjusting groove of the lower frame component up and down, a pair of long screw components a