CN-115857010-B - Earthquake geological guiding method for safe and efficient tunneling of coal mine shield tunneling machine

CN115857010BCN 115857010 BCN115857010 BCN 115857010BCN-115857010-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe and efficient tunneling seismic geological guiding method of a coal mine shield tunneling machine, which comprises the following steps of obtaining seismic data and carrying out relief form processing to obtain a seismic time result section, loading a designed shield tunneling line, cutting the seismic time section of the shield tunneling line on the seismic time result section along the designed shield tunneling line, loading drilling positions, obtaining depth values of all target horizons according to the drilling positions, carrying out fine interpretation on the seismic time section of the shield tunneling line according to the depth values to obtain a time structure diagram, obtaining interlayer speeds of all the target horizons at different drilling positions, carrying out gridding formation according to the interlayer speeds to obtain a speed section diagram of the designed shield tunneling line, carrying out time-depth conversion on the time structure diagram and the speed section diagram of the designed shield tunneling line according to the interlayer speeds to obtain a depth structure section diagram, and accurately determining the spatial positions of the target horizons. The method achieves the aim of improving the accuracy of the spatial position of the tunneling section horizon of the shield machine.

Inventors

SONG LIHU
Lang yuquan
LIN JIANDONG
LIU JINGZHU
LI WENHUA

Assignees

中国煤炭地质总局地球物理勘探研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20221205

Claims (6)

1. The earthquake geological guiding method for safe and efficient tunneling of the coal mine shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: obtaining seismic data, and performing relief form processing on the seismic data to obtain a seismic time result section; Loading a designed shield line on the earthquake time result section, and cutting a shield line earthquake time section on the earthquake time result section along the designed shield line; Loading drilling positions on the shield line seismic time section, and obtaining depth values of all target horizons according to the drilling positions; The shield line earthquake time section is finely interpreted according to the depth value to obtain a time structure diagram, and the inter-layer speed of each target layer in different drilling positions is obtained, wherein the inter-layer speed is obtained by utilizing the inter-layer distance of the target layer and the travel time difference of the reflected wave of the target layer, and the method is specifically shown as a formula 1: (1); In the formula, For the inter-layer velocity, For the depth of burial of the target horizon, Travel time for reflected waves of the target horizon; The method comprises the steps of obtaining an interlaminar speed of a drilling position near the designed shield line, carrying out gridding according to the interlaminar speed of the drilling position near the designed shield line to obtain the speed profile of the designed shield line, specifically, obtaining time and speed at the drilling position on the basis of a synthetic seismic record calibration reflection horizon of a logging curve to obtain scattered point data, wherein x is a transverse coordinate of a section line, t is a target reflection layer time, v is an obtained speed value, creating a grid environment, gridding the seismic time profile of the shield line with a certain grid size to obtain uniform grid points, gridding the scattered point data to enable each grid node to have the speed value, and specifically, the method is shown in a formula 2: (2); where x 1 is a node in the grid, For the value of the speed of the node, For the value of the velocity at the point a drilling, For the location of the borehole(s), As a first derivative of the first derivative, Is the second derivative; obtaining a speed value of each grid node through the formula 2, and interpolating according to the speed value of each grid node to obtain a speed profile of the designed shield line; Performing time-depth conversion on the time structure diagram and the speed profile diagram of the designed shield line according to the interlayer speed to obtain a depth structure profile diagram, wherein the time structure diagram and the speed profile diagram of the designed shield line are scattered with the same network according to a grid environment created by a section line of a shield machine, and depth values at each grid node are obtained according to the scattered time and speed, and the depth values are specifically shown as a formula 3: (3); In the formula, For the inter-layer velocity, As the depth value at the grid node, Travel time for reflected waves of the target horizon; obtaining a depth structural section diagram by interpolation taking faults as boundary conditions according to the depth value of each grid node; accurately determining the spatial position of the target horizon according to the depth structural profile; wherein the relief form of the seismic time achievement profile can reflect the relief form of the underground target horizon.
2. The method for guiding earthquake geology for safe and efficient tunneling of a coal mine shield machine according to claim 1, wherein when the seismic data is subjected to relief form processing, the method comprises the following steps: And performing static correction, noise attenuation, deconvolution, velocity analysis, residual static correction, offset and superposition processing on the seismic data to obtain the seismic time result section.
3. The method for guiding earthquake geology for safe and efficient tunneling of a coal mine shield tunneling machine according to claim 2, wherein when static correction is performed on the seismic data, the method comprises the following steps: The intelligent first arrival pickup is adopted to judge the energy on the basis of the instantaneous amplitude, and meanwhile, the pattern recognition is carried out on the shape of the first arrival; And after polynomial fitting, multiple iterations and first arrival pickup are carried out, static correction is carried out on the space model of the seismic data by adopting a chromatographic static correction technology.
4. A method of seismic geologic guidance for safe and efficient driving of a coal mine shield machine according to claim 3, comprising, when noise attenuating the seismic data: And carrying out prestack denoising on the seismic data subjected to static correction by adopting a frequency-space domain coherent noise suppression technology, a noise automatic identification and attenuation technology and a multi-domain composite denoising and strong noise attenuation technology, removing strong energy noise, and gradually improving the signal to noise ratio to obtain denoising data.
5. The method for guiding earthquake geology for safe and efficient tunneling of a coal mine shield machine according to claim 4, wherein when deconvolution, velocity analysis and residual static correction are performed on the seismic data, the method comprises the following steps: performing amplitude compensation processing on the denoising data by adopting a geometric diffusion compensation method and a ground surface consistency amplitude compensation method to obtain amplitude compensation data; carrying out deconvolution on the amplitude compensation data by adopting a combination method of surface consistency deconvolution and single-channel prediction deconvolution to obtain deconvolution data; Carrying out speed analysis and residual static correction combined processing on the deconvolution data to obtain high-precision speed spectrum and residual static correction data; Performing offset and superposition processing on the residual static correction data by using the high-precision velocity spectrum; The prediction step length of the surface consistency deconvolution is 10-20 ms, the prediction step length of the single-channel prediction deconvolution is 10-15 ms, the frequency of combined processing of speed analysis and residual static correction is more than 2 times, and the speed analysis interval is less than 200m.
6. The method for guiding earthquake geology for safe and efficient tunneling of a coal mine shield machine according to claim 1, wherein when the shield line earthquake time section is finely interpreted according to the depth value, the method comprises the following steps: Firstly, acquiring an acoustic logging curve and a density logging curve in drilling data, normalizing the two logging curves, loading the normalized acoustic logging curves into a seismic work area, and multiplying the acoustic logging curve and the density logging curve to obtain an acoustic impedance curve; The horizon contrast tracking is to track the seismic reflection horizon on the well-connected seismic section, track and contrast explain the reflection wave on the backbone section, gradually encrypt and expand to all seismic time sections, explain along the shield line seismic section, and complete the horizon tracking of the reflection wave horizon of each target layer by cooperating with construction explanation.

Description

Earthquake geological guiding method for safe and efficient tunneling of coal mine shield tunneling machine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of seismic geological interpretation, in particular to a safe and efficient tunneling seismic geological guiding method of a coal mine shield tunneling machine. Background As the depth of coal mining increases, the geological conditions of the coal mine become more and more complex, and the difficulty of mining correspondingly increases. The rapid development of coal mining technology of the coal mine ensures that the stoping speed of the working face is faster and faster, and the requirement on the tunneling speed of the tunnel is higher and higher. The serious problem of the succession of mining is existed in many coal mines, so that the rapid tunneling of the coal mine tunnel is forced. At present, coal mine roadway tunneling modes mainly comprise a comprehensive tunneling method, a drilling and blasting method and a continuous miner method (only suitable for coal roadway tunneling). The tunneling methods are easy to solve the problems of unbalanced tunneling, anchoring and transportation in actual construction. Aiming at the situation, some coal mines adopt shield tunneling systems, so that the tunneling efficiency of the coal mine rock roadway is greatly improved. The equipment mainly used in the shield tunneling system is a shield tunneling machine, and the shield tunneling machine is a full-name shield tunnel tunneling machine and is mainly used for tunneling tunnels. Modern shield constructs the machine technological content ratio higher, has integrated multiple technologies such as light, machine, electricity, liquid and sensor, can realize functions such as cutting, the transportation of ground body and the support of shaping tunnel, can be according to the different "body cutting" manufacturing of tunnelling geological conditions, and overall reliability and security are very high. The working principle of the shield tunneling machine is that a cylindrical steel component is pushed to a preset track, and a formed roadway is supported in the pushing process. The cylinder is a shield, which plays a temporary supporting role for the supporting space. In construction, the roadway is subjected to not only rock stratum pressure, but also groundwater pressure. At present, in the prior art, a geological prediction section is drawn by utilizing ground drilling actual uncovering data to guide a coal mine shield tunneling machine to tunnel in a rock roadway, but the shield tunneling machine tunneling has higher accuracy requirements on the level difference of a target horizon and a drilling fault, so the prior art has the following defects: (1) The actual disclosure data of the ground drilling and the underground is only between one hole, and the target stratum layer cannot be accurately judged; (2) The geological profile drawn by the ground drilling actual uncovering data is accurate at the hole point, the farther the distance from the known point is, the lower the accuracy of the geological profile is, and the geological requirements of safe and efficient tunneling of the shield tunneling machine cannot be met. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a safe and efficient tunneling seismic geological guiding method for a coal mine shield tunneling machine, which is used for solving the technical problem that the safety and efficient tunneling of the shield tunneling machine cannot be realized due to the fact that the target stratum layer cannot be accurately judged in the prior art, so that the aim of improving the accuracy of the spatial position of the tunneling section layer of the shield tunneling machine is fulfilled. In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A safe and efficient tunneling earthquake geological guiding method for a coal mine shield tunneling machine comprises the following steps: obtaining seismic data, and performing relief form processing on the seismic data to obtain a seismic time result section; Loading a designed shield line on the earthquake time result section, and cutting a shield line earthquake time section on the earthquake time result section along the designed shield line; Loading drilling positions on the shield line seismic time section, and obtaining depth values of all target horizons according to the drilling positions; Performing fine explanation on the shield line seismic time section according to the depth value to obtain a time structure diagram and the inter-layer speed of each target layer at different drilling positions; performing gridding formation according to the interlayer speed to obtain a speed profile of a designed shield line; performing time-depth conversion on the time structure diagram and the speed profile diagram of the designed shield line according to the interlayer spee