CN-115923621-B - Occupant safety system capable of adapting to different collision directions and preparation method thereof

CN115923621BCN 115923621 BCN115923621 BCN 115923621BCN-115923621-B

Abstract

The invention discloses an occupant safety system which can adapt to different collision directions and a preparation method thereof, wherein the occupant safety system comprises a damping device, a semi-cladding cabin and a seat, the semi-coated cabin and the seat are adjacently distributed, and the damping device is arranged between the semi-coated cabin and the vehicle body and comprises a viscoelastic element and a crushable deformation energy absorption element. The system can provide omnibearing protection for passengers, achieves the self-adaptive target of collision direction through material performance design, has simple structure, reduces the motion difference between the head and the chest of a peak area while greatly reducing the acceleration of each part of the passengers, and solves the problem that the passengers, especially the neck, can be effectively protected from being injured by collision in different directions with high reliability and low cost.

Inventors

ZHU QING

Assignees

深圳弘冉智能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230109

Claims (4)

1. The preparation method of the passenger safety system capable of adapting to different collision directions is characterized in that the passenger safety system is applied to an automobile with a member restraint system and comprises a damping device, a semi-coated cabin and a seat, wherein the semi-coated cabin and the seat are adjacently distributed, the damping device is arranged between the semi-coated cabin and an automobile body, and the damping device comprises a viscoelastic element and a crushable deformation energy absorption element; The viscoelastic element and the crushable deformation energy absorbing element are of annular structures, and the viscoelastic element is composed of two semi-rings; the preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, analyzing the maximum injury time points and mechanical properties of different collision directions according to the damage index peak conditions of neck axial force Fz, neck shearing force Fx and neck bending moment My caused by acceleration and relative displacement of each part of an occupant during collision of a specific vehicle model, and enabling a seat to rebound at a designed speed when collision occurs through fusion design of damping coefficients, elastic modulus and dimension elements in front and back directions in a viscoelastic element, so that the seat is ensured to rebound at a preset time or rebound is ensured to be finished; Step 2, matching design is carried out on the collapsible deformation energy absorbing element through dynamic collapse stress-strain curves and sizes of the collapsible deformation energy absorbing material in different directions and acceleration curves when the collapsible deformation energy absorbing material bears the total mass and the vehicle test standard collides, so that the seat acceleration generated when the collision exceeds that generated When the specific value is exceeded, the collapsible deformation energy absorption element starts to collapse and deform and absorb energy, and the specific collapse energy absorption rate of the collapsible deformation energy absorption element ensures that the self-adaptive energy absorption range of the viscoelastic element covers a range exceeding the standard collision speed; The matching design in the step1 specifically comprises the following steps: step 1.1, carrying out matching optimization on a forward semi-ring of a viscoelastic element aiming at forward collision, and defining the rebound start of the head of an occupant aiming at the standard forward collision working condition of a specific vehicle type to be optimized The initial time is A time, the forward semi-rings of the viscoelastic element are matched and optimized, so that the rebound time of the seat coincides with the A time, and the seat and the head of an occupant synchronously move backwards after the A time; step 1.2, matching and optimizing the backward half ring of the viscoelastic element aiming at the backward rear-end collision, determining the time point of the head of an occupant contacting the headrest as the time point B aiming at the standard rear-end collision working condition of a specific vehicle type to be optimized, and matching and optimizing the backward half ring of the viscoelastic element by calculating to control the rebound starting time point of the seat to be consistent with the time point B, so that the forward rebound displacement of the seat counteracts the forward displacement of the head, and the damage of the whiplash effect to the neck is reduced.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the semi-covered cabin is a rigid structure with a shape of full covering of the side and back of the sitting posture.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the seat comprises a backrest, a seat cushion, a movable rail, a sitting and fore-aft adjustment device, and a seat belt.
4. The method for preparing an occupant safety system capable of adapting to different collision directions according to claim 1, wherein the matching design in the step 2 is specifically: aiming at a specific vehicle type to be optimized, the acceleration peak value of a B column of a vehicle body is set to be a when the standard initial collision speed is 50km/h, the total mass of a cabin and members is set to be m, and in order to ensure that the function of starting rebound or ending rebound of a viscoelastic element in the preset time in the step 1 can normally work within the range of 50-90km/h, the acceleration a process from the acceleration peak value area of the vehicle body to 50km/h is as follows: calculating the maximum energy of 50km/h in the range of 50-90 km/h: ; Calculating the critical force of collapse deformation F=ma, wherein a is the acceleration peak value of the B column of the automobile body in the collision of 50 km/h; According to the calculation result, selecting a material with critical yield force of F 1 , energy absorption coefficient of K (J/cm < 3 >) and approximately constant stress as the collapsible deformation energy absorption element, wherein the minimum volume V of the required energy absorption material is as follows: V=E’/K; finally, the allowance is properly enlarged on the basis of V, and the shape and the size of the energy absorbing material are designed in combination with the arrangement condition of the vehicle seat.

Description

Occupant safety system capable of adapting to different collision directions and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to an occupant safety system capable of adapting to different collision directions and a preparation method thereof. Background With the large-scale application of the safety belt and the air bag, the casualty rate of passengers in collision accidents is greatly reduced, but because the safety belt effectively binds the chest and abdomen and the neck is not bound, the neck shearing force Fx, the neck axial force Fz and the neck bending torque My are also inevitably increased, the injuries such as excessive bending or excessive bending of the neck are easily generated, the front side is contacted with the air bag, the rear-end collision with the headrest can generate reverse force and bending torque because of the rebound of the head, fz is excessively large, the injuries and whips of the neck are easily generated, and in the process, the neck bears bending and stretching movements, and a great amount of researches show that the neck of a human body has higher bending bearing capacity than the stretching bearing capacity, and the neck is more easily damaged by stretching bending. In recent years, the main reason that the proportion of the neck to the collision injury is in an ascending state is that the popularization of safety belts and front safety airbags leads to the great reduction of injuries at other parts, meanwhile, the movement difference between the head and the chest is increased due to the constraint of the chest, so that the necks Fz and My are increased, the movement difference of the head and the neck is reduced by constraining the head, the necks Fz and My can be effectively reduced, but an external constraint system is required, and the feasibility is not high; Reducing the difference in motion between the head and the chest and chest acceleration by non-head restraint is currently the most viable approach to reducing neck injuries. However, due to the characteristics of front side safety air bags and air bags when front collision and rear collision exist, the neck injury mechanism and difference are large due to factors such as pretightening force and restraining force limiting force of the safety belt, so that an occupant safety system which can adapt to different collision directions is developed for different vehicle types, the movement difference and chest acceleration between the chest are controlled, the peak level of main injury acting force and moment is reduced, and good protection effect can be achieved. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide an occupant safety system which can adapt to different collision directions and a preparation method thereof, has a simple buffer structure, reduces the acceleration of each part of an occupant, reduces the movement difference between the head and the chest in a peak area, and solves the problem that the collision from different directions can effectively protect the occupant, particularly the neck, with high reliability and low cost. The aim of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme: the passenger safety system capable of adapting to different collision directions is characterized by comprising a damping device, a semi-coated cabin and a seat, wherein the semi-coated cabin and the seat are adjacently distributed, the damping device is arranged between the semi-coated cabin and a vehicle body, and the damping device comprises a viscoelastic element and a crushable deformation energy absorption element. Preferably, the viscoelastic element and the crushable energy absorbing element are both in a ring structure, and the viscoelastic element is in an integrated structure or is composed of two semi-rings. Preferably, the semi-cladding cabin is of an integral rigid structure, and the shape of the semi-cladding cabin is of a fully cladding shape of the side and back of the sitting posture of a human body. Preferably, the seat comprises a backrest, a seat cushion, a movable slide rail, a sitting posture front-back adjusting device and a safety belt. A method for preparing an occupant safety system capable of adapting to different collision directions, which is applied to an automobile with a member restraint system, is characterized by comprising the following steps of Step 1, analyzing the maximum injury time points and mechanical properties of different collision directions according to the damage index peak conditions of neck axial force Fz, neck shearing force Fx and neck bending moment My caused by acceleration and relative displacement of each part of an occupant during collision of a specific vehicle model, and enabling a seat to rebound at a designed speed when collision occurs through fusion design of damping coefficients, elastic modulus and dimension elements in front and back directions in a viscoelastic element, so that the seat is ensur