CN-115939748-B - Dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna

CN115939748BCN 115939748 BCN115939748 BCN 115939748BCN-115939748-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna which comprises a first medium substrate and a second medium substrate which are arranged on a system ground, wherein rectangular monopole antennas with 5G frequency bands are arranged on the first medium substrate and the second medium substrate, a U-shaped monopole antenna with S frequency bands and an open-loop metamaterial structure are arranged on the front surface of the first medium substrate, a defect ground which is vertically connected with the system ground is arranged on the back surface of the first medium substrate, a circular groove is formed in the center of the defect ground, an egg-shaped metal sheet is loaded on the circular groove, a plurality of feed joints are arranged on the back surface of the system ground, and the feed joints are connected with the U-shaped monopole antenna and the rectangular monopole antenna through coaxial cables in the feed joints to feed. The whole layout of the antenna is in trapezoid distribution, and the metamaterial decoupling technology is utilized, so that the isolation degree among antenna units in the whole system is obviously improved, the communication performance of the antenna system can be improved, and meanwhile, the compactness of the antenna system is considered.

Inventors

ZHANG YUAN
ZHAO YANWEN
Cai Qiangming
WU CHUAN
ZHANG CHAO

Assignees

电子科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230303

Claims (5)

1. A dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna is characterized by comprising a first dielectric substrate (S1) and a second dielectric substrate (S2) which are arranged on a system ground (G1), wherein rectangular monopole antennas with 5G frequency bands are arranged on the first dielectric substrate (S1) and the second dielectric substrate (S2), and U-shaped monopole antennas (A1) with S frequency bands and an open-loop metamaterial structure are arranged on the front surface of the first dielectric substrate (S1); A defective ground (G3) which is vertically connected with a system ground (G1) is arranged on the back surface of the first dielectric substrate (S1), a circular groove (G31) is formed in the center of the defective ground (G3), an egg-shaped metal sheet (G32) is loaded on the circular groove (G31), the U-shaped monopole antenna (A1) is positioned right below the egg-shaped metal sheet (G32) and in the range of the circular groove (G31), and the defective ground (G3) improves the impedance matching performance of the U-shaped monopole antenna through the circular groove (G31) and the egg-shaped metal sheet (G32); The rectangular monopole antenna comprises a first rectangular monopole antenna (A2), a second rectangular monopole antenna (A3), a third rectangular monopole antenna (A4) and a fourth rectangular monopole antenna (A5); The first rectangular monopole antenna (A2) and the second rectangular monopole antenna (A3) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper end of the back surface of the first dielectric substrate (S1); the third rectangular monopole antenna (A4) and the fourth rectangular monopole antenna (A5) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the front face of the second dielectric substrate (S2).
2. The dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna of claim 1, wherein the split-ring metamaterial structure comprises a first split ring (R1) and a second split ring (R2) which are complementary, wherein the first split ring (R1) and the second split ring (R2) are arranged at the upper end of the front surface of the first dielectric substrate (S1) and are positioned between the first rectangular monopole antenna (A2) and the second rectangular monopole antenna (A3) so as to improve isolation between the first rectangular monopole antenna (A2) and the second rectangular monopole antenna (A3).
3. The dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a metal strip (G2) arranged on the back surface of the second dielectric substrate (S2), wherein the second dielectric substrate (S2) and the system ground (G1) are tightly connected through the metal strip (G2).
4. The dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna of claim 3 is characterized in that the length of the first dielectric substrate (S1) is larger than that of the second dielectric substrate (S2), and the height of the first dielectric substrate (S1) is smaller than that of the second dielectric substrate (S2), so that a nonlinear trapezoid layout is formed between the first rectangular monopole antenna (A2) and the second rectangular monopole antenna (A3) which are arranged on the first dielectric substrate (S1) and the third rectangular monopole antenna (A4) and the fourth rectangular monopole antenna (A5) which are arranged on the second dielectric substrate (S2), and isolation effect among four rectangular monopole antennas is improved.
5. A dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna as set forth in claim 3, wherein said U-shaped monopole antenna (A1) is located between said third rectangular monopole antenna (A4) and said fourth rectangular monopole antenna (A5) to enhance isolation between said third rectangular monopole antenna (A4) and said fourth rectangular monopole antenna (A5).

Description

Dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna. Background With the rapid development of the electronic industry, the current demand for electronic devices integrating multiple functions is continuously increasing, and the design difficulty is gradually increasing. Unmanned aerial vehicles are rapidly developing as one of these important electronic devices, both in the civilian and military fields. In the civil field, unmanned aerial vehicles have been used for aerial photography, search and rescue, precision agriculture, aerial pipeline transmission line monitoring mapping, wild animal monitoring, surveillance, disaster personnel, management and delivery of medical supplies, and the like. In the military field, to achieve secure communication and eliminate interference, multi-band, multi-function radio stations and wideband frequency hopping radio stations are widely used. As the frequency hopping rate is higher and higher, the frequency hopping range is wider and wider, and the original narrowband antenna cannot meet the requirements. An on-board antenna may be considered an important component of an aircraft structure, but the geometry and size of the aircraft have a large impact on the electrical performance of the on-board antenna. The choice of the type of on-board antenna is often determined by the size of the fuselage. Currently, the dominant choices for unmanned aerial vehicle antennas are blade antennas, linear monopoles, printed monopoles, dipoles, loop slot antennas, and the like. In contrast, printed monopole/dipoles can be directly seamlessly attached to the body of the drone, while blade or linear monopole on-board antennas require radomes for protection. Conventional on-board antennas are typically implemented using one antenna or two antennas. The prior art proposes a dual-band omni-directional circularly polarized airborne antenna. The antenna can generate dual-band circular polarization and circular polarization characteristics. The antenna is miniaturized by using left and right hand transmission lines. Compared with the design, the antenna has the main defects that 1. The antenna realizes the dual-band characteristic by a single antenna and can not improve the transmission rate and the bandwidth utilization rate of information like a MIMO antenna system. 2. The metamaterial structure (left-right hand transmission line) of the antenna is mainly used for achieving miniaturization, and the metamaterial structure is used for increasing isolation among antenna units. 3. The antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, whereas the present design requires a vertically polarized antenna. And a dual-frequency common-caliber circularly polarized antenna, which consists of 1 UHF frequency band antenna and 4S frequency band antennas. The antenna has a complex structure, and the whole antenna is formed by laminating 4 layers of microstrip antennas and 6 layers of dielectric substrates. The bandwidth of-10 dB of the common aperture antenna in the UHF frequency band is 52.6%, and the bandwidth in the S frequency band is 16.3%. The antenna has the defects of 1. Although the antenna has the characteristics of dual frequency bands and common caliber, the two antennas are microstrip patch type and are not omni-directional radiation antennas, and signal dead areas exist in certain directions during communication. 2. The radiation working frequency band of the antenna is a non-5G frequency band and cannot be fused with a rapidly-developed 5G technology. 3. The antenna is formed by laminating 6 layers of substrates, the structure is complex, the processing precision is uncontrollable, and the performance is easily affected. It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancing understanding of the background of the present disclosure and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna, and solves the defects of the prior antenna. The dual-band airborne common-caliber antenna comprises a first medium substrate and a second medium substrate which are arranged on the system ground, wherein a rectangular monopole antenna with a 5G frequency band is arranged on the first medium substrate and the second medium substrate, and a U-shaped monopole antenna with an S frequency band and an open-loop metamaterial structure are arranged on the front surface of the first medium substrate; The U-shaped monopole antenna is positioned under the egg-shaped metal sheet and is in the range of the round groove, the impedance matching performance of the U-shaped monopole antenna is improved by the round groove and the egg-shaped metal sheet, a plurality of feed