CN-115951420-B - Space-based full-airspace scanning inspection camera and method

CN115951420BCN 115951420 BCN115951420 BCN 115951420BCN-115951420-B

Abstract

The invention provides a space-based full-airspace scanning inspection camera and a method, which are used for realizing airspace scanning inspection around an aircraft. The space-based full-airspace scanning inspection camera comprises a camera unit, a two-dimensional mechanism unit and a control unit, wherein the camera unit is electrically connected with the aircraft and is used for carrying out optical measurement and image processing within the visual field range according to the instruction of the aircraft, the two-dimensional mechanism unit is respectively connected with the camera unit and the aircraft and is electrically connected with the aircraft and is used for supporting the camera unit, and the control unit of the aircraft is used for driving the camera unit to adjust the scanning angle so as to scan and detect a target area according to a set working mode and a scanning planning route. The invention can meet the use requirements of light miniaturization, high precision, large view field and full airspace detection, has two modes of key airspace coverage and full airspace coverage in the track plane of the aircraft, and can realize the search and capture, monitoring and threat early warning of space debris in the full airspace around the aircraft.

Inventors

Song Qingzheng
MAO XIAONAN
REN PINGCHUAN
GAO WENJIE
GUAN TAO

Assignees

上海航天控制技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20221226

Claims (7)

1. The space-based full airspace scanning inspection camera is arranged on an aircraft and is used for realizing airspace scanning inspection around the aircraft, and is characterized by comprising the following components: the camera unit is electrically connected with the aircraft and is used for carrying out optical measurement and image processing within the field of view according to the instruction of the aircraft and sending the processed patrol image to the aircraft; The two-dimensional mechanism unit is respectively connected with the camera unit and the aircraft, is electrically connected with the aircraft and is used for supporting the camera unit and driving the camera unit to adjust the scanning angle according to the control instruction of the aircraft so as to scan and detect a target area according to a set working mode and a scanning planning route; the camera unit includes: the lens module comprises a shell provided with a lens hole, wherein an equipment cavity is arranged in the shell, and one side wall of the shell is a mounting surface for being fixed with a two-dimensional mechanism unit; The CMOS detector is electrically connected with the aircraft and comprises a lens arranged in the lens hole and a processor arranged in the equipment cavity, wherein the lens can acquire optical information in the field of view range of the lens, the processor receives an instruction of the aircraft to shoot, and the optical information acquired by the lens is subjected to image processing to generate a patrol image; the two-dimensional mechanism unit includes: The fixed seat is connected with the aircraft and is used for being fixed with the aircraft; The azimuth shaft comprises a shell and an inner shaft which can rotate relatively, and the inner shaft is fixed with the fixed seat and is used for adjusting the horizontal angle of the lens optical axis of the camera unit; The bottom end of the rotating shaft connecting frame is fixed with the shell of the azimuth shaft, can horizontally rotate under the drive of the shell of the azimuth shaft and is used for transmitting torque; the pitching shaft comprises a shell and an inner shaft which can rotate relatively, the shell is fixed with the top end of the rotating shaft connecting frame and is used for adjusting the pitching angle of the optical axis of the lens of the camera unit; A camera mounting plate for fixing the camera unit, one side of which is fixed to the inner shaft of the pitch axis and the other side of which is fixed to the mounting surface of the housing of the camera unit; The camera unit further comprises a camera cable, one end of the camera cable is electrically connected with the processor of the CMOS detector, and the other end of the camera cable is electrically connected with the aircraft and is used for sending control commands of the aircraft to the CMOS detector and sending patrol images generated by the processor of the CMOS detector to the aircraft; The azimuth axis and the pitching axis are provided with central holes extending along the axis, and the camera cable passes through the azimuth axis and the pitching axis through the central holes of the azimuth axis and the pitching axis and coaxially moves with the two-dimensional mechanism unit when the two-dimensional mechanism unit is rotated.
2. The inspection camera of claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional mechanism unit further comprises: the thermal knife can lock or release the azimuth axis and the pitching axis simultaneously as required, so that high-stability and high-precision support is provided for the camera unit.
3. A patrol camera as recited in claim 1, wherein, The processor of the CMOS detector is arranged in the equipment cavity at a position close to the mounting surface, and heat conduction silicone grease is coated between the mounting surface of the shell and the camera mounting plate; the camera mounting plate area is larger than the mounting surface of the casing, and expands into a disc-shaped radiating surface.
4. A patrol camera as recited in claim 1, wherein, The camera unit also comprises a light shield which is fixed on the outer wall of the shell around the lens hole and used for preventing light outside an imaging angle from entering the lens, and the light shield is installed with the shell in a heat-insulating way.
5. A track surface key airspace inspection method, which is characterized by being realized based on the inspection camera according to any one of claims 1-4, and comprising the following steps: the azimuth axis of the inspection camera is locked, and the azimuth angle of the optical axis of the lens is fixed to be 0 degree; rotating a pitching axis, wherein the lens optical axis is resided at 6 pitching angle array positions from 75 degrees to 45 degrees to 15 degrees to 45 degrees to 75 degrees, and astronomical calibration and image shooting are carried out during the residency period; and (5) periodically and reciprocally cycling to finish the coverage of the key airspace in the track surface.
6. A full airspace inspection method, which is realized based on the inspection camera according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps: The azimuth axis of the inspection camera rotates, and the azimuth angles of the optical axes of the lenses are sequentially fixed to 75 degrees, 15 degrees and-45 degrees and respectively stay; And during the residence period of each azimuth angle, the pitching axis rotates, the lens optical axis is resided at 6 pitch angle array positions from 75 degrees to 45 degrees to 15 degrees to 45 degrees to 75 degrees, and astronomical calibration and mapping are carried out during the residence period, so that half full airspace coverage is completed.
7. The full airspace inspection method of claim 6, further comprising the step of: The azimuth axis of the inspection camera rotates, and the azimuth angles of the optical axes of the lenses are sequentially fixed to 45 degrees, -15 degrees and-75 degrees and respectively stay; during the residence period of each azimuth angle, the pitching axis rotates, 6 pitch angle array positions are reserved between 75 degrees to 45 degrees to 15 degrees to 45 degrees to 75 degrees, astronomical calibration and image shooting are carried out during the residence period, the other half of full airspace coverage is completed, and the full airspace coverage is completed by combining the two; the azimuth axis and the pitching axis are not imaged during rotation.

Description

Space-based full-airspace scanning inspection camera and method Technical Field The invention relates to the field of space-based space target monitoring, in particular to a space-based full-airspace scanning inspection camera and a method. Background The space-based visual sensor is the most commonly used observation device for space-based space target monitoring systems. Compared with means such as infrared, microwave radar, laser and the like, the space-based visual sensor has obvious advantages in the aspects of technical maturity, application range, power consumption and the like. Accordingly, visible light sensors have been widely used in day-based monitoring systems in countries such as the united states, russia, and europe. In the space station running in orbit in China, high-value satellites such as radar imaging, optical imaging and the like, and space satellite systems such as second-generation navigation and the like in construction, various threats such as space debris, dead satellites and the like are faced in the future running in orbit, and the improvement of the safety of the high-value satellites in orbit is urgent. Compared with the foreign starting, the domestic self-defense protection technology research for the spacecraft is late, and the main space debris monitoring means still takes foundation equipment as a main part at present. Space debris monitoring load is actively developed in China, space debris threat early warning and safe avoidance are carried out on a satellite optical monitoring system which is configured on a heavy satellite, but the space debris threat early warning and safe avoidance are still in a starting stage at present. The light and small full-airspace scanning inspection camera driven by the two-dimensional mechanism is researched to solve the problems of searching, monitoring, threat early warning and the like of space fragments in the full airspace around the aircraft, and is beneficial to improving the safety guarantee capability of space assets in China. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a space-based full-airspace scanning inspection camera and a space-based full-airspace scanning inspection method, which can meet the use requirements of light miniaturization, high precision, large view field and full-airspace detection, have two modes of key airspace coverage and full airspace coverage in a track plane of an aircraft, and can realize the search, monitoring and threat early warning of space debris in the full airspace around the aircraft. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The space-based full airspace scanning inspection camera is arranged on an aircraft and used for realizing airspace scanning inspection around the aircraft, and comprises the following components: the camera unit is electrically connected with the aircraft and is used for carrying out optical measurement and image processing within the field of view according to the instruction of the aircraft and sending the processed patrol image to the aircraft; And the two-dimensional mechanism unit is respectively connected with the camera unit and the aircraft, is electrically connected with the aircraft and is used for supporting the camera unit and driving the camera unit to adjust the scanning angle according to the control instruction of the aircraft so as to scan and detect the target area according to the set working mode and the scanning planning route. Preferably, the camera unit includes: the lens module comprises a shell provided with a lens hole, wherein an equipment cavity is arranged in the shell, and one side wall of the shell is a mounting surface for being fixed with a two-dimensional mechanism unit; The CMOS detector is electrically connected with the aircraft and comprises a lens arranged in the lens hole and a processor arranged in the equipment cavity, wherein the lens can acquire optical information in the view field range of the lens, the processor receives an instruction of the aircraft to shoot, and the optical information acquired by the lens is subjected to image processing to generate a patrol image. Preferably, the two-dimensional mechanism unit includes: The fixed seat is connected with the aircraft and used for being fixed with the aircraft. The azimuth shaft comprises a shell and an inner shaft which can rotate relatively, and the inner shaft is fixed with the fixed seat and is used for adjusting the horizontal angle of the lens optical axis of the camera unit; The bottom end of the rotating shaft connecting frame is fixed with the shell of the azimuth shaft, can horizontally rotate under the drive of the shell of the azimuth shaft and is used for transmitting torque; the pitching shaft comprises a shell and an inner shaft which can rotate relatively, the shell is fixed with the top end of the rotating shaft connecting frame and is used for adjusting the pitching angle of the o