CN-116000710-B - Parallel common-frequency ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device for large complex curved surface component and application

CN116000710BCN 116000710 BCN116000710 BCN 116000710BCN-116000710-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a parallel common-frequency ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device for a large complex curved surface member and application thereof, the device comprises an indexing transmission system, an ultrasonic vibration system and a supporting shell part, wherein a rigid coupler of the indexing transmission system connects an external indexing disc with a transmission rotating shaft, indexing rotation and locking are carried out in the grinding process of the complex curved surface member, and an external ultrasonic power supply is connected with an ultrasonic transducer group through an electric slip ring; the ultrasonic vibration system comprises a parallel ultrasonic transducer group, a vibration transmission rod and a variable amplitude rod which are sequentially connected, and the vibration superposition effect of the ultrasonic transducers ensures that a large-mass complex curved surface component generates ultrasonic vibration, thereby realizing the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary efficient precise grinding processing of the large-mass complex curved surface component. The support shell part fixes the ultrasonic device and the grinding wheel on the machining platform, so that the rigidity of the system is ensured. The device can make the large-mass complex curved surface vibrate in the axial ultrasonic mode, and index circumferential rotation is carried out after the grinding of the single curved surface feature is completed, so that the precise grinding of the whole complex curved surface component is completed.

Inventors

ZHAO BIAO
HAN MING
DING WENFENG
ZHAO JUNSHUAI
XU JIUHUA
SU HONGHUA
QIAN NING
YIN JINGFEI

Assignees

南京航空航天大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230116

Claims (8)

1. The parallel common-frequency ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device for the large complex curved surface component is characterized by comprising a supporting shell component (2), an indexing transmission system (1) and an ultrasonic vibration system (3) which are sequentially connected from outside to inside, The front end cover and the rear end cover of the support shell are kept sealed at the joint of the indexing transmission system and the ultrasonic vibration system; The ultrasonic vibration system (3) comprises a parallel transducer group, a vibration transmission rod and a luffing rod which are sequentially connected, wherein the assembly is carried out through a flange at the periphery of the vibration transmission rod and an indexing rotating shaft sleeve of an indexing transmission system (1), the free end of the luffing rod is provided with a complex curved surface component mounting area, and a complex curved surface component to be processed is fixed by a locking nut after being mounted at the tail end of the luffing rod; The indexing transmission system (1) is fixed on the support shell, and realizes the grinding of all circumferential curved surface characteristics by the rotation of a component in the process of grinding complex curved surface components, wherein the left end of the indexing transmission system (1) is a rigid coupling and is used for being connected with an external indexing device to carry out transmission and locking; the ultrasonic vibration direction is perpendicular to the gravity direction of the complex curved surface member; the arrangement mode of the transducers ensures that the superposition of vibration mode waves of more than one transducer can maximize the amplitude of the vibration of the center of the vibration transmission rod in the axial direction.
2. The parallel common-frequency large-scale complex curved surface component ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the supporting shell component mainly comprises a cylinder base, a front end cover, a rear end cover and a pair of tapered roller bearings, the indexing transmission system is connected with the end covers of the supporting shell component through the tapered roller bearings, an inner ring of the pair of tapered roller bearings is matched with an indexing rotating shaft sleeve of the indexing transmission system, an outer ring of the pair of tapered roller bearings is matched with the supporting shell, the tapered roller bearings are pressed on the indexing rotating shaft sleeve and the supporting shell through the front end cover and the rear end cover, the tapered roller bearings are reversely assembled, the front end cover and the rear end cover are assembled with the supporting shell through uniform distribution screws, and an assembling gap between the front end cover and the rear end cover and the supporting shell is kept sealed.
3. The parallel-type co-frequency ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device for large complex curved surface components according to claim 1, wherein the parallel transducer group of the ultrasonic vibration system (3) is connected to the front end of a vibration transmission rod, the tail end of the vibration transmission rod is connected with an amplitude transformer through a stud, and meanwhile, the two are in transition fit through groove features.
4. The parallel common-frequency ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device for large complex curved surface components, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the rigid coupling is connected with a transmission shaft disc through a key slot, the right disc surface of the transmission shaft disc is provided with uniformly distributed through holes, and the through holes are connected with an indexing rotating shaft sleeve through socket head cap screws; The rotating shaft of the transmission shaft disc is sleeved with a through hole type electric slip ring, the electric slip ring stator is connected to the flange part of the rear end cover of the support shell through screws, and the electric slip ring rotor part is connected with the rotating shaft of the transmission shaft disc through circumferentially uniformly distributed jackscrews for rotation.
5. The ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device for the parallel common-frequency large complex curved surface member, according to claim 4, is characterized in that more than one special-shaped heat dissipation holes are axially uniformly distributed in the middle of an indexing rotating shaft sleeve of the indexing transmission system, and arc runway-shaped through holes are arranged on the transmission shaft disc in a running way for ventilation and heat exchange.
6. The parallel common-frequency large-scale complex curved surface component ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device is characterized in that an air inlet quick connector and an air outlet quick connector are fixed on a rear end cover of a support shell through threads and are connected with a machine tool air source through an air pipe to enable air in the device to circulate, square protruding planes are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the support shell, countersinks are formed at the end parts of the planes and are used for assembling the support shell and a complex curved surface grinding machine tool platform, a rubber expansion sleeve is tightly pressed on a boss of the rear end cover, an external wire of a power supply slip ring passes through, and grinding fluid is prevented from entering the device.
7. The parallel common-frequency large complex curved surface component ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that an indent fillet is formed at a shaft shoulder of an amplitude transformer, stress concentration is reduced, structural rigidity deficiency caused by mass and radial grinding force of a large complex curved surface to be processed is prevented from breaking, a rib plate is arranged below a shell sleeve and used for reinforcing structural rigidity, a countersink hole is formed in the bottom surface of a support shell and used for guaranteeing assembly precision and connection strength of the device when the device is installed on a complex curved surface grinding machine platform, through holes are uniformly distributed on an outer ring of a disc surface structure of a transmission shaft disc and used for being connected with an indexing rotating shaft sleeve, arc-shaped runway-shaped through holes are uniformly distributed on an inner ring of the disc surface and used for communicating an inner wire of an electric slip ring with a parallel transducer group, and air circulation inside the device is facilitated.
8. The method for assisting in grinding the parallel common-frequency large-scale complex curved surface component by ultrasonic vibration based on the parallel common-frequency large-scale complex curved surface component ultrasonic vibration assisting grinding device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Mounting a large complex curved surface component on a mounting shaft of the amplitude transformer, and fixing and connecting the large complex curved surface component by using a key and a locking nut; the driving shaft disc is connected with a rotating shaft of an external indexing device through bolts and keys on the rigid coupling, an external conducting wire of the electric slip ring is connected with an ultrasonic power supply, an air inlet hole is connected with an air source of the machine tool through an air pipe, and an air outlet hole forms a passage with the outside through the air pipe; (2) The method comprises the steps of starting an external dividing device, adjusting the circumferential position of a complex curved surface component, locking the external dividing device, fixing an dividing transmission system and the complex curved surface component, opening a machine tool air source, allowing normal-temperature air to enter from an air inlet at the lower part, exchanging heat of the air in the device and discharging the heat of the air from an air outlet at the upper part, opening an external ultrasonic transmitter, converting an electric signal into mechanical vibration by a parallel transducer group, transmitting the vibration through a vibration transmission rod and a amplitude transformer, amplifying the amplitude by the amplitude transformer, and transmitting the vibration to the curved surface characteristics of a large complex curved surface component to be processed; (3) Starting the machine tool to enable the formed grinding wheel to grind the surface of the complex curved surface component according to a set stroke, rotating an angle of one curved surface characteristic by an external indexing device after the first curved surface characteristic is ground, locking again, starting grinding of the next curved surface characteristic by the grinding wheel, and repeating the steps to finish the grinding work of the whole large complex curved surface component, wherein the grinding wheel finishing process is normally carried out in the grinding process.

Description

Parallel common-frequency ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding device for large complex curved surface component and application Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic precision machining of complex curved surface components, and particularly relates to a high-quality ultrasonic precision grinding device for complex curved surface components and application thereof. Background In recent years, with the continuous development of the aerospace industry in China, the processing technology of key transmission parts is continuously explored and improved to improve the comprehensive performance of products. The strength, friction and wear performance of complex curved surface components such as gears and the like are used as main power output components of the aircraft, the service performance of the whole aircraft power system is influenced by the strength, friction and wear performance of the complex curved surface components, and grinding is used as an important process for precisely machining the complex curved surface components, so that the influence on the surface performance of the complex curved surface components is particularly critical. However, the complex curved surface member material usually achieves the purpose of surface strengthening by means of heat treatment and the like, the hardened surface of the complex curved surface member material can reach HRC 58-62, the complex curved surface member material belongs to a difficult-to-machine material, the problems of large grinding force, easy surface burn, easy tool abrasion and the like exist in common grinding machining, and ultrasonic vibration is added in the complex curved surface member grinding process to reduce the grinding force heat and improve the surface machining quality. Because the complex curved surface member processing grinding machine is mostly a special grinding machine, ultrasonic grinding for realizing grinding wheel vibration is difficult to reform a machine tool, the cost is high, and stable vibration is difficult to ensure due to high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel during working. Therefore, an ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding method in which a complex curved surface member vibrates is generally used. Lv Ming, et al, in the book of non-resonant design theory and gear ultrasonic processing, apply to the design of the gear ultrasonic vibration device through the non-resonant design theory, combine Mindline theory and three-dimensional vibration reed-z method, carry out the design of the corresponding ultrasonic vibration device to the gear of different structural features. Aiming at the small and medium modulus gears with the reference circle diameter smaller than 100mm, the longitudinal resonance system processing mode is adopted, the small and medium modulus gears with the reference circle diameter larger than 100mm and smaller than 300mm are processed by the transverse bending resonance system processing mode, different types of resonance systems are designed by combining theoretical calculation with finite element simulation, ultrasonic auxiliary grinding gear experiments are carried out, and the gear processing precision and the surface roughness are obviously improved. The utility model patent application with publication number CN 208913295U of Henan university discloses a gear ultrasonic grinding device, which is formed by rotationally connecting a rotary hollow shaft sleeve and a fixed base, wherein the small end of a variable amplitude rod is fixedly connected with a gear workpiece, the large end of the variable amplitude rod is fixedly connected with a vibration transmission rod, a piezoelectric ceramic plate and an electrode plate in sequence, the piezoelectric ceramic plate and the electrode plate are connected with an ultrasonic generator through an electric conduction mechanism, and the other end of the rotary hollow shaft is connected with a rotary indexing device or a variable frequency motor. The utility model combines the ultrasonic vibration of the gear with the gear forming grinding process, realizes the ultrasonic grinding of the gear, can prolong the service life of the grinding wheel, reduce the roughness of the tooth surface, improve the processing precision of the gear and improve the microscopic morphology of the tooth surface, thereby improving the fatigue resistance of the gear. Although the research results of ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding of complex curved surface components such as gears are quite many, the traditional ultrasonic system scheme often has limitation on the size of the complex curved surface components, and along with the increase of the mass of the complex curved surface components, the general ultrasonic vibration system is difficult to cause the complex curved surface components to resonate, because the ultrasonic transducer has smaller converted mechanical energy and large energy required in the reciprocating vibration