CN-116025697-B - Processing technology of novel heavy-load high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer

CN116025697BCN 116025697 BCN116025697 BCN 116025697BCN-116025697-B

Abstract

A processing technology of a novel heavy-load high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer. The machining process comprises the steps of integrally forming an eccentric shaft and two eccentric wheels, wherein the eccentric phase of the two eccentric wheels is 180 degrees, the internal gears are two split sub-internal gears, the back clearance of a product is eliminated by adjusting the installation phase angles of the two internal gears, gear teeth of the external gears and the internal gears are in double-arc tooth shapes, the pressure angle alpha of the gear teeth of the double-arc tooth shapes is 10-25 degrees, the deformation coefficient b of the eccentric wheels is 0.3-0.7, the tooth top coefficient a is 0.1-0.5, and bearing holes of the two sub-external gears, the inner hole of a pin shaft and the gear tooth parts are integrally machined and formed. The processing technology adopts two split-type sub-internal gears, eliminates the back clearance of the product by installing a phase angle, and simultaneously prepares the inner and outer gears with double circular arc tooth shapes by controlling the pressure angle of gear teeth, the deformation coefficient of an eccentric wheel, the tooth top coefficient and the tooth root high coefficient, so that the number of teeth of the meshing gear of the speed reducer is large, and the meshing surface of the gear teeth is large.

Inventors

ZHOU QINGQUAN
LIN WEI
CHENG YONG
Zi tao
LI BIN
XIA YUJIE
OU LANG

Assignees

万鑫精工(湖南)股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20230217

Claims (3)

1. The novel processing technology of the heavy-duty high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer comprises a flange and an eccentric shaft which are arranged at an input end, two eccentric wheels which are arranged on the eccentric shaft, two eccentric wheel sleeves which are respectively arranged on the two eccentric wheels, two eccentric external gears which are respectively arranged outside the two eccentric wheel sleeves, an internal gear which is arranged outside the two eccentric external gears, an output disc and a shell, wherein the eccentric wheel, the eccentric wheel sleeves and the eccentric external gear are sequentially driven by the eccentric shaft to do eccentric rotation, and due to the limitation of the internal gear, the motion of the eccentric external gear comprises external rotation around the internal gear and autorotation of the eccentric external gear, the internal gear and the eccentric external gear are designed with small tooth difference, and the number of teeth of the internal gear is one more than that of the eccentric external gear, and the novel processing technology is characterized in that: the processing technology of the speed reducer comprises the steps that the eccentric shaft and the two eccentric wheels are integrally formed, and the eccentric phase of the two eccentric wheels is 180 degrees; the processing technology of the speed reducer comprises that the internal gear is two split-type sub internal gears, the back clearance of a product can be eliminated by adjusting the installation phase angle of the two sub internal gears, the two eccentric gears respectively drive the eccentric external gears to do eccentric motion, the phase difference of the eccentric gears is 180 degrees, the two pairs of internal gears and the external gears are mutually independent, the external gears are driven by the eccentric gears to have 180 degrees phase difference, the two sub internal gears are mutually independent and respectively meshed with the corresponding external gears, the phase angle between the internal gears and the external gears can be adjusted to eliminate the meshing gear clearance between the internal gears and the external gears in the motion process, namely, the phase angle is adjusted through the relative rotation of the two sub internal gears, when the meshing gear clearance between the internal gears and the external gears is minimum, the two sub internal gears are fixed, and 0 back clearance can be realized; The machining process of the speed reducer comprises the steps that gear teeth of the eccentric external gear and the internal gear are double-arc-shaped, the pressure angle alpha of the gear teeth of the double-arc-shaped is 10-25 degrees, the deformation coefficient b of the eccentric gear is 0.3-0.7, the tooth top coefficient a is 0.1-0.5, the tooth root high coefficient c is 0.3-0.7, the gear modulus is m, the tooth top height h a = m x a, the tooth root height h c = m x c, the tooth total height h = h a +h c , the eccentric gear eccentric amount d = m x b, the gear teeth of the eccentric external gear and the gear teeth of the internal gear are subjected to tooth surface double-conjugate meshing, and the tooth number of the tooth surface double-conjugate meshing of the eccentric external gear and the tooth surface of the internal gear is 10-30, so that the bearing capacity of the speed reducer is large; The machining process of the speed reducer comprises the steps of taking two sub-internal gears as a whole in the machining process, integrally machining and forming the bearing holes, the pin shaft inner holes and the gear teeth of the two sub-internal gears, and then dividing the machined and formed whole into two sub-internal gears in half, so that the consistency of the machining precision of the same sub-internal gears is ensured, and meanwhile, the relative positions among the bearing holes, the pin shaft inner holes and the gear teeth are also ensured, and the gear precision of the speed reducer can be ensured.
2. The processing technology of the novel heavy-duty high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer is characterized in that the processing technology of the speed reducer comprises the steps that the gear teeth of the inner gear, the gear teeth of the eccentric outer gear and the pin holes are processed in the same process, namely, after the inner gear and the eccentric outer gear are fixed at one time, the gear teeth of all the inner gears, the gear teeth of all the eccentric outer gears and the pin holes are processed.
3. The processing technology of the novel heavy-duty high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer is characterized in that the processing technology of the speed reducer comprises the steps that the pressure angle alpha of gear teeth with double circular arc tooth shapes is 15-20 degrees, the deformation coefficient b of an eccentric wheel is 0.5-0.7, the tooth top coefficient a is 0.3-0.5, and the tooth root high coefficient c is 0.5-0.7.

Description

Processing technology of novel heavy-load high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, in particular to a processing technology of a novel heavy-load high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer. Background The speed reducer is the most basic mechanical component in the fields of engineering machinery and intelligent manufacturing, and the high-end speed reducer is the main component of high-end equipment and high-end manufacturing. The small-tooth-difference speed reducer is a novel speed reducer, is produced in China at present, is increasingly widely popularized, is provided with a cycloidal pin gear speed reducer, a harmonic speed reducer and an involute small-tooth-difference speed reducer, is commonly applied to the fields of mines, metallurgy, chemical industry, spinning, lifting transportation, robots and automation thereof, but the domestic process of the small-tooth-difference speed reducer is still restricted by a certain degree due to the defects of design, processing, materials and the like, and is in a neck clamping state. There are also existing speed reducers using eccentric gears and internal and external gear engagement, such as the patent with application No. 201101481101. X, named eccentric oscillating speed reducer, which comprises an eccentric oscillating external gear, an internal gear having few teeth difference with the external teeth of the external gear and being internally engaged with the external gear, and a flange disposed at the axial side of the external gear, and the speed reducer has many advantages in terms of processing difficulty and stability, but has certain disadvantages due to the influence of the processing technology: 1. Backlash is an important performance index of speed reducer stability, the adjustability of an internal gear and an external gear of the existing speed reducer is poor, backlash cannot be well eliminated, in the production process of a precise speed reducer, gear backlash elimination is mainly guaranteed through machining matching precision of the internal gear and the external gear, in order to ensure that the backlash of the internal gear and the external gear can meet requirements, the internal gear and the external gear must be matched in advance, because certain errors exist in machining equipment, the internal gear and the external gear are matched and matched for execution after the offline product is often only needed to be grouped, when the gear clearance is too large, the external gear is increased or the inter-rod distance of the internal gear is reduced, and when the backlash is too small, the inter-rod distance of the external gear is reduced or the inter-rod distance of the internal gear is increased, so that production, detection and management costs are greatly increased, and machining errors are easily caused, as shown in fig. 1, a structure diagram of the internal gear and the external gear are matched, in fig. 1', and 2' is the internal gear; 2. The small tooth difference speed reducer is characterized in that the central eccentric shaft is used as an excitation component to induce the external gear to make eccentric motion, finally the external gear and the internal gear are meshed, the relative motion track of the internal gear and the external gear is jointly determined by the tooth shapes of the internal gear and the external gear and the eccentric quantity of the eccentric shaft, the processing technology of the internal gear and the external gear of the traditional speed reducer adopts a traditional mode, the scientific analysis of the pressure angle, the deformation coefficient of the eccentric gear, the tooth top coefficient and the tooth root high coefficient of the gear teeth is lacked, the gear teeth of the prepared gear teeth are of a common tooth shape, the meshing of the gear teeth of the internal gear and the external gear is insufficient, and the quantity of meshing gears is small, so that the precision and the stability of the speed reducer are influenced. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provide a processing technology of a novel heavy-load high-precision small-tooth-difference speed reducer, which adopts two split sub-internal gears, eliminates back clearance of products by adjusting installation phase angles of the two internal gears, and simultaneously prepares an inner gear and an outer gear with double circular arc tooth shapes by controlling pressure angles, eccentric wheel deformation coefficients, tooth top coefficients and tooth root high coefficients of gear teeth, so that the manufactured speed reducer has large tooth number of meshing gears, large tooth meshing surface, large load capacity of the speed reducer and high precision. In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: The invention relates to a novel