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CN-116078162-B - Preparation method of anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux

CN116078162BCN 116078162 BCN116078162 BCN 116078162BCN-116078162-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of membranes, and relates to a preparation method of an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux, which comprises the steps of mixing and dissolving polysulfone and an organic solvent, adding paraformaldehyde and trimethylchlorosilane, fully mixing and sealing and stirring for 1-120 min, then dropwise adding tin chloride, fully mixing and sealing and stirring, reacting for 1-10 d at 10-50 ℃, and pouring into an alcohol solvent to obtain a polysulfone chloride material; mixing and dissolving the chlorinated polysulfone material and N, N-dimethylformamide, adding 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane, fully mixing, sealing and stirring, reacting, performing ultrasonic defoaming to obtain a membrane casting solution, scraping to obtain a membrane, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the membrane. The preparation process is simple and easy to operate, and the prepared anion exchange membrane has good acid and alkali resistance, higher ion flux and shock resistance mechanical property.

Inventors

  • GUO YI
  • ZHENG RONG
  • LIU YU

Assignees

  • 江苏大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20221130

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Mixing and dissolving polysulfone and an organic solvent according to the mass ratio of 1-50%, adding paraformaldehyde accounting for 10-200% of the mass of the polysulfone material and trimethylchlorosilane accounting for 10-500% of the mass of the polysulfone material, fully mixing, sealing and stirring for 1-120 min, then dripping tin chloride accounting for 0.1-50% of the mass of the polysulfone material, fully mixing, sealing and stirring, reacting for 1-10 d at 10-50 ℃, pouring into an alcohol solvent to obtain the polysulfone chloride material, The reaction equation is ; (2) Mixing and dissolving the chlorinated polysulfone material and N, N-dimethylformamide according to the mass ratio of 1-50%, adding 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane with the mass of 10-120% of that of the chlorinated polysulfone material, fully mixing, sealing and stirring, reacting for 5-48 hours at 10-90 ℃, then carrying out ultrasonic defoaming treatment for 0.5-3 hours to obtain a casting solution, scraping the casting solution into a membrane, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the nano-porous membrane, The reaction equation is 。
  2. 2. The method for preparing an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent in the step (1) is chloroform or methylene dichloride.
  3. 3. The method for preparing an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux according to claim 2, wherein the organic solvent in the step (1) is chloroform.
  4. 4. The method for preparing an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol solvent in the step (1) is anhydrous methanol or anhydrous ethanol.
  5. 5. The method for producing an anion-exchange membrane having both acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux as claimed in claim 4, wherein the alcohol solvent in the step (1) is absolute ethanol.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux according to claim 1, wherein the condition of the membrane scraping in the step (2) is that the ambient temperature is 15-60 ℃, the humidity is 2-20%, and the thickness of a membrane scraping knife is 40-400 μm.
  7. 7. The method for preparing an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum drying condition in the step (2) is that the vacuum degree is 0-100 Pa and the temperature is 50-85 ℃.
  8. 8. An anion exchange membrane prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1-7.

Description

Preparation method of anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of membranes, relates to an ion exchange membrane, and in particular relates to a preparation method of an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux. Technical Field With the rapid development of industrialization, industrial wastewater contains a large amount of ions. To solve this type of sewage problem, development of a technology for effectively separating ions in industrial wastewater has been receiving high attention from sustainable development of related industries. Among them, development of advanced composite membrane technology and use for ion separation have become a great concern for development of industrial wastewater discharge. Ion exchange membranes have received great attention as core elements for electrodialysis, which have unique advantages in ion removal or concentration of ions in high-concentration brine, overcoming ion concentration polarization, and the like. In the electrodialysis process, anion exchange membranes, cation exchange membranes, and bipolar membranes have been widely used in ion removal, concentration, and recovery processes. However, in the face of complex influencing factors such as components, pH and the like of industrial wastewater discharge, the traditional ion exchange membrane cannot meet the increasingly updated industrial requirements. At the same time, lower ion flux requires higher energy consumption, thereby limiting the application of the related art. Therefore, the search and design of suitable materials for preparing ion exchange membranes with acid and alkali resistance and high ion flux has become an urgent development requirement. Polysulfone is a polymer material with good toughness and high temperature resistance, has excellent properties in acid and base electrolyte resistance, and has higher impact mechanical properties. In recent years, related membrane separation materials prepared using a polysulfone material as a matrix have been used for related researches such as sea water desalination. Therefore, application of polysulfone to the preparation of ion-exchange membranes is contemplated. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux. A preparation method of an anion exchange membrane with acid and alkali resistance and high anion flux comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing and dissolving polysulfone and an organic solvent according to the mass ratio of 1-50%, adding paraformaldehyde accounting for 10-200% of the mass of the polysulfone material and trimethylchlorosilane accounting for 10-500%, fully mixing, sealing and stirring for 1-120 min, and then dripping 0.1-120% of the mass of the polysulfone material 50% Of stannic chloride is fully mixed, sealed and stirred, and after reacting for 1-10 days at 10-50 ℃, the mixture is poured into an alcohol solvent to obtain a polysulfone chloride material; the reaction equation is: (2) Mixing and dissolving a chlorinated polysulfone material and N, N-dimethylformamide according to the mass ratio of 1-50%, adding 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane with the mass of 1-200% of that of the chlorinated polysulfone material, fully mixing, sealing and stirring, reacting for 5-48 hours at 10-90 ℃, then conducting ultrasonic defoaming treatment for 0.5-3 hours to obtain a casting solution, scraping the casting solution on a horizontally placed dry glass plate to prepare a film, and drying in vacuum to obtain the modified porous ceramic membrane; the reaction equation is: in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic solvent in the step (1) is chloroform or dichloromethane, preferably chloroform. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alcohol solvent in the step (1) is anhydrous methanol or anhydrous ethanol, preferably anhydrous ethanol. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the condition of scraping the film in the step (2) is that the ambient temperature is 15-60 ℃, the humidity is 2-20%, and the thickness of a film scraping knife is 40-400 mu m. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the vacuum drying condition in the step (2) is that the vacuum degree is 0-100 Pa and the temperature is 50-85 ℃. And testing the ion exchange capacity, the water content, the ductility and the membrane surface resistance value of the prepared anion exchange membrane, characterizing the morphology of the anion exchange membrane by using a scanning electron microscope, and analyzing the molecular structure and the chemical composition of the anion exchange membrane by using an infrared spectrum. And (3) selecting different types of anion exchange membranes and commercial cation exchange membranes (the model CEM Type-I of the cation exchange m