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CN-116097038-B - Seal for use in a heat shield element

CN116097038BCN 116097038 BCN116097038 BCN 116097038BCN-116097038-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a seal (11) for use in a heat shield element (01). The seal (11) extends in the longitudinal direction and has a groove surface (13) on the hot side (03) and an abutment surface (14) on the cold side (04) and mutually opposite side surfaces (19) extending from the groove surface (13) to the abutment surface (14), and is arranged in the sealing groove (05) of the heat shield element (01). In order to be able to achieve targeted cooling, a plurality of recesses (12) are provided in the seal (11) spaced apart from one another, the recesses (12) extending in sections in the longitudinal direction from the contact surface (14) toward the hot side (03).

Inventors

  • Andreas Boethel
  • ANDRE KRUGER
  • Tobias Kriger
  • SCHILDMACHER KAI-UWE

Assignees

  • 西门子能源全球有限两合公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20210628
Priority Date
20200907

Claims (16)

  1. 1. A seal (11) for use in a heat shield element (01), the seal (11) extending over a seal length in a longitudinal direction and having a curved groove surface (13) on a hot side (03) and a curved contact surface (14) on an opposite cold side (04) and mutually opposite side surfaces (19) extending from the groove surface (13) to the contact surface (14), wherein a nominal height is given as nominal distance and a seal height (21) is given as partial distance from the groove surface (13) to the contact surface (14), wherein the seal height (21) deviates from the nominal height by no more than 10% over at least 80% of the seal length with the omission of a recess (12), A plurality of recesses (12) spaced apart from one another are provided, the recesses (12) extending from the contact surface (14) toward the hot side (03) section in the longitudinal direction over at least 10% and at most 40% of the seal length, Wherein the groove faces are convexly arched and the abutment faces (14) are concavely arched, wherein at one or both end sections (15, 16) the seal height (21) decreases to less than 50% of the nominal height on the hot side (03) towards the respective end.
  2. 2. The seal (11) according to claim 1, The seal is constructed of a metallic material.
  3. 3. The seal (11) according to claim 1 or 2, Wherein the sides (19) are parallel.
  4. 4. The seal (11) according to claim 1 or 2, Wherein the recess (12) extends along the longitudinal direction over at least 20% and/or at most 30% of the seal length in total.
  5. 5. The seal (11) according to claim 1 or 2, Wherein the depth (22) of the recess (12) is at least 5% and at most 40% of the seal height (21).
  6. 6. The seal (11) according to claim 1 or 2, Wherein at one or both end sections (15, 16) a projection (17) is provided on the hot side (03) at a distance from the respective end, the height of the projection (17) being at least 1% and at most 10% of the nominal height.
  7. 7. The seal (11) according to claim 6, Wherein at least one recess (18) is provided on the hot side (03) at a distance from the end at the end section (15), the depth of the recess (18) being at least 5% and at most 20% of the nominal height.
  8. 8. A seal (11) according to claim 3, Wherein the side surfaces (19) are flat.
  9. 9. The seal (11) according to claim 1, Wherein the depth (22) of the recess (12) is at least 10% of the seal height (21).
  10. 10. The seal (11) according to claim 1, Wherein the depth (22) of the recess (12) is at most 20% of the seal height (21).
  11. 11. The seal (11) according to claim 7, Wherein the recess (18) is present between the end and the projection (17).
  12. 12. A heat shield element (01) for use in a heat shield of a combustion chamber, having a hot side (03) and an opposite cold side (04), the heat shield element (01) having at least one sealing groove (05) extending in a longitudinal direction and opening out towards the cold side (04), a seal (11) being provided in the sealing groove (05), the seal (11) having a groove face (13) on the hot side (03), an abutment face (14) on the cold side (04) and mutually opposite parallel side faces (19) extending from the groove face (13) to the abutment face (14), wherein the seal (11) is arranged at least at room temperature on a groove bottom (06) of the sealing groove (05) at two opposite end sections (15, 16) and a free space is present between the groove bottom (06) and the groove face (13) in the region between the two end sections (15, 16), -At least one seal (11) according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 11.
  13. 13. The heat shield element (01) according to claim 12, wherein the seal (11) has a projection (17) on the hot side (03) at a distance from the respective end at both end sections (15, 16), said projection having a height of at least 1% and at most 10% of the nominal height, wherein the seal (11) rests with the projection (17) on the groove bottom (06) of the sealing groove (05) at least at room temperature at the two opposite end sections (15, 16).
  14. 14. A heat shield for use in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine, the heat shield comprising a carrier structure (09) and a plurality of heat shield elements (01) having a seal (11) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 11, wherein the seal (11) is arranged with the abutment surface (14) on the carrier structure (09).
  15. 15. The heat shield according to claim 14, Wherein the seal is elastically deformable at least at room temperature and the distance from the groove bottom (06) to the groove surface (13) is reduced relative to the stress-free case.
  16. 16. The heat shield of claim 14 or 15, Wherein a gap (10) is produced between the heat shielding element (01) itself and the support structure (09) at least in the region of the recess (12).

Description

Seal for use in a heat shield element Technical Field The invention relates to a seal for use in a heat shield element of a combustion chamber, by means of which an uncontrolled flow of cooling air should be prevented. Background Heat shield elements are generally used in combustion chambers, in particular in gas turbines. Heat shielding elements made of ceramic material as well as metallic material are known. The aim is in particular that the inner side of the combustion chamber is provided with as stable yet exchangeable components as possible. In order to ensure as long a service life as possible, the cooling of the heat shielding element is generally effected by means of cooling air. The cooling air is here conveyed to the underside of the heat shield elements, wherein uncontrolled flow between the heat shield elements into the combustion chamber needs to be prevented. For this purpose, in some embodiments a seal is used, which is inserted into a groove on a circumferential web on the underside of the heat shield element. The seal has a generally rectangular cross-section and extends substantially the length or width of the heat shield element. In this case, for sealing purposes, the sealing element is arranged on the support structure, so that a seal is produced. Although with the known seals it is possible to bring about a generally sufficiently reliable sealing of the heat shielding element on the carrier structure for the purpose, it has been shown as a disadvantage that the flow of the required cooling air is sometimes reduced too much. Furthermore, it has proved to be disadvantageous that the gap between two adjacent heat shielding elements is not supplied with sufficient cooling air. A simple solution is to dispense with the seal in sections or completely and to improve the fit between the heat shielding element and the support structure. In the case of a reduced gap or a better contact of the heat shielding element on the support structure, the flow is reduced, however, sufficient cooling is achieved. Thermal deformations in the case of different operating states are problematic, so that the flow can sometimes be too great or too small. In order to solve this problem, it is known from the prior art to use seals and to introduce holes in the surrounding webs of the heat shield element in order to ensure a targeted flow of cooling air into the gap. Although proven embodiments for heat shield elements with seals already exist, the aim is however to develop a more cost-effective embodiment. Disclosure of Invention The object is achieved by a seal according to the invention according to the features of claim 1. The heat shield element according to the invention with the seal is specified in claim 10 and the heat shield according to the invention is specified in claim 11. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims. Such a seal is intended firstly for use in a heat shield element. The heat shield element has a hot side which is oriented toward the interior of the combustion chamber and an opposite cold side which is oriented toward the support structure of the combustion chamber. The heat shield element also has a sealing groove extending in the longitudinal direction. It is not important here whether the longitudinal direction coincides with the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber or extends transversely thereto. The seal is inserted at least as specified in the sealing groove and extends correspondingly in the longitudinal direction, so that it likewise has a hot side and an opposite cold side. The surface of the seal on the hot side is hereinafter referred to as the groove face. On the opposite cold side there is an abutment surface. In the direction from the cold side to the hot side, the opposite side faces extend from the abutment face up to the groove face. As long as the support structure and the arranged heat shielding element are substantially planar, the seal can sometimes be dispensed with in a simple manner and no costly solution is required. The invention can thus be used in a meaningful way if the groove surfaces as well as the opposing abutment surfaces are arched. The seal also has a seal length from one end to the opposite end. The spacing of the opposing sides forms the seal width. The distance from the groove surface to the abutment surface defines the seal height in this case as a function of the respective position along the seal length. For seals, the nominal height is defined as the nominal spacing from the groove face to the abutment face. It is desirable here that the seal height corresponds as closely as possible to the nominal height. This is considered appropriate if the seal height deviates from the nominal height by no more than 10% over at least 80% of the seal length. The cost saving is achieved according to the invention in that the sealing element is provided with a recess. The recess is arranged on the cold side and extends in the