CN-116181589-B - Design method of ice control system based on icing characteristics of wind turbine blade

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of an ice control system based on the icing characteristic of a wind turbine blade, and belongs to the technical field of wind power generation. Based on the regular characteristics of icing occurrence and growth in the chord direction and the direction of the spreading of the blade and the possible failure condition of the anti-icing characteristic of the anti-icing coating in the icing serious area in the severe freezing weather, an active electrothermal film deicing method and a passive anti-icing coating anti-icing method combined efficient ice control system design and an efficient low-energy operation control method are provided by combining a blade icing test and a space-time development characteristic database of the icing, and the continuous operation of the wind turbine generator in the no-blade icing under the full climate of the environment can be realized. The invention fully couples the advantages of the electrothermal deicing technology and the anti-icing coating technology, so that the fan blade has the efficient ice preventing and removing function under the full-weather condition, and has the characteristics of low system energy consumption and the like.

Inventors

• LIN WEIRONG
• ZHAN BIAO
• FU RONGFANG
• MENG PENGFEI
• DENG YUE
• AO HAI
• XU CHAO
• ZHAO JIANG
• YANG WENYUN
• CHEN GONG
• CAI CHUNHUI
• WU XIAOWEI
• LIU YONG

Assignees

• 华能威宁风力发电有限公司
• 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
• 中国华能集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20230110

Claims (7)

1. 1. The design method of the ice control system based on the icing characteristics of the wind turbine blade is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, collecting and analyzing the environment and meteorological factors of a wind turbine generator, and determining meteorological parameter combinations for a blade icing characteristic test; S2, reducing and manufacturing a blade icing characteristic test model sprayed with an icing-preventing coating according to the blade condition of an actual wind turbine generator, wherein the icing-preventing coating is uniformly sprayed on a suction surface and a pressure surface of the blade icing characteristic test model, and the process and the spraying parameters of the icing-preventing coating are consistent with those of the blade of the actual wind turbine generator; S3, in the wind tunnel test facility, based on the meteorological parameter combination determined in the S1 and the blade icing characteristic test model prepared in the S2, combining normal operation parameters of the wind turbine generator to restore icing environment characteristics of the blades of the wind turbine generator; S4, carrying out quantitative analysis on the space-time characteristics of the icing on the surface of the blade, which is obtained in the step S3, to obtain the evolution rule of the icing of the blade in different time periods after the icing begins to form, and obtaining an icing rule database; S5, based on the ice coating rule database obtained in the step 5, adding an electric heating film to assist in thermal deicing for the blade which cannot realize ice coating by adopting the ice coating, wherein the blade which cannot realize ice coating by adopting the ice coating independently is judged according to the principle that an area with the thickness exceeding 2mm appears in 30min under extreme weather, and the function of the ice coating in the area is considered to be invalid; s6, determining areas on the blade where the electrothermal films need to be arranged, and customizing rated powers of the electrothermal films in different areas by combining the difference of icing intensity of the areas to finish the design of the blade deicing system.
2. 2. The method for designing an ice control system based on the icing characteristics of a wind turbine blade according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the environmental and meteorological factors include wind speed, air pressure, air temperature, humidity and granularity distribution of supercooled water drops in air.
3. 3. The method for designing an ice control system based on icing characteristics of wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the combination of meteorological parameters includes main meteorological features reflecting normal icing weather and extreme icing weather of the wind turbine.
4. 4. The method for designing an ice control system based on icing characteristics of a wind turbine blade according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the blade condition includes a surface material, an airfoil shape, a length, and a surface roughness.
5. 5. The method for designing an ice control system based on the icing characteristics of a wind turbine blade according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the evolution law of the icing of the blade includes an icing region and the thickness development of the icing.
6. 6. The method for designing an ice control system based on the icing characteristics of a wind turbine blade according to claim 1, wherein when an actual wind turbine blade is constructed, an electric heating film is first laid, and then an ice control coating is sprayed on the entire outer surface of the blade.
7. 7. The method for designing an ice control system based on the icing characteristics of a wind turbine blade according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the ice control coating is 0.3-0.5 mm.

Description

Design method of ice control system based on icing characteristics of wind turbine blade Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a method for designing an ice control system based on the icing characteristics of wind turbine blades. Background In wind farms in regions of low wind speeds in the south and in parts of high wind speeds, there is a severe freezing problem in winter and spring. Icing appears on the wind turbine generator blade, the pneumatic appearance and the weight distribution of the blade are changed, the load balance of the blade is broken, the vibration of the blade and the wind wheel is caused, and the like, and the economic efficiency and the safety of the operation and the power production of the wind turbine generator are directly influenced. Based on the stored wind power with larger cardinal number at present, the method has urgent need for the efficient deicing technology of the wind turbine generator blades in freezing weather. At present, the method for preventing and removing ice comprises a gas-heat deicing/electrothermal deicing method based on hot melting ice, a chemical deicing method, a mechanical deicing method and an anti-icing coating method based on super-hydrophobic coating spraying. At present, no mature technology (or combination) for preventing and removing ice of the wind turbine generator blades can be widely popularized and applied, in fact, due to the difference of environments and climates of fans, the wind turbine generator blades are large in length, uneven in thickness distribution and the like, risks of high energy consumption, short service life, high equipment and operation and maintenance cost, lightning damage and the like exist in the ice prevention and removal technology to different degrees, and a bottleneck of a blade ice prevention and removal method of a single technical route is caused. The long dimension of the blade in the chord direction, particularly in the spanwise direction, and the relative speeds of different positions/areas of the spanwise direction and the incoming air flow are different, so that the process of forming ice coating by the interaction of water vapor or tiny water drops in the air and the blade presents certain regularity and difference. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a design method of an ice prevention and removal system based on the icing characteristics of wind turbine generator blades, which can effectively meet the ice prevention and removal requirements of the blades in different degrees of freezing weather, and has the advantages of high ice removal efficiency and low energy consumption. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: An ice control system design method based on the icing characteristics of wind turbine blades comprises the following steps: S1, collecting and analyzing the environment and meteorological factors of a wind turbine generator, and determining meteorological parameter combinations for a blade icing characteristic test; S2, reducing and manufacturing a blade icing characteristic test model sprayed with an icing-preventing coating according to the blade condition of the actual wind turbine generator; S3, in the wind tunnel test facility, based on the meteorological parameter combination determined in the S1 and the blade icing characteristic test model prepared in the S2, combining the normal operation parameters of the wind turbine generator to restore the icing environment characteristics of the blades of the wind turbine generator; S4, carrying out quantitative analysis on the space-time characteristics of the icing on the surface of the blade, which is obtained in the step S3, to obtain the evolution rule of the icing of the blade in different time periods after the icing begins to form, and obtaining an icing rule database; s5, based on the ice coating rule database obtained in the step5, adding an electric heating film to assist in thermal deicing for the blade which cannot realize ice prevention by adopting the ice coating; s6, determining areas on the blade where the electrothermal films need to be arranged, and customizing rated powers of the electrothermal films in different areas by combining the difference of icing intensity of the areas to finish the design of the blade deicing system. Preferably, in S1, the environmental and meteorological factors include wind speed, air pressure, air temperature, humidity and granularity distribution of supercooled water drops in the air. Preferably, in S1, the meteorological parameter combination includes main meteorological features capable of reflecting normal icing weather and extreme icing weather of the wind turbine. Preferably, in S2, the blade condition includes surface material, airfoil, length and surface roughness. Preferably, in S2, the suction surface and the pressure surface of the blade