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CN-116194691-B - Actuator and device for engaging a parking lock and motor vehicle

CN116194691BCN 116194691 BCN116194691 BCN 116194691BCN-116194691-B

Abstract

The invention relates to an actuator having a drive (2) which drives a drive shaft (1), a first actuating element (3) which is operatively connected to the drive shaft (1) and is used for actuating a gear shift device, a spring element (5) which is supported on the one hand on a housing component (16) of the actuator and on the other hand on a second actuating element (17) which is designed to tension the spring element (5), and an electromagnetic holding device (32) having an electromagnet which magnetically interacts with a magnetic armature (52) having a ferromagnetic material component in order to hold the spring element (5) which is tensioned when a restoring force is built up. According to the invention, the magnet armature (52) is mounted on a pivot (55) of the holding device (32) so as to be tiltable and/or pivotable.

Inventors

  • KELLER OLIVIER
  • T. Ashenauer
  • K. Hartbrodt

Assignees

  • 屈斯特控股有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20210825
Priority Date
20201001

Claims (18)

  1. 1. An actuator, having: a driver (2) for driving a drive shaft (1), A first actuating element (3) operatively connected to the drive shaft (1) for actuating the gear shift device, A spring element (5) which is supported on the one hand on a housing component (16) of the actuator and on the other hand on a second actuating element (17) which is designed to tension the spring element (5), and Electromagnetic holding device (32) with an electromagnet (50) which magnetically interacts with a magnetic armature (52) having a ferromagnetic material component in order to hold a spring element (5) which is tensioned when a restoring force is built up, characterized in that the magnetic armature (52) is mounted tiltably and/or pivotably on a pendulum (55) of the holding device (32), the pendulum (55) having a holding frame (54), in which the magnetic armature (52) is mounted, wherein the holding frame (54) is arranged tiltably and/or pivotably on the pendulum (55) about a first axis (X), wherein the swivability or tiltably of the holding frame (54) is formed by a narrowed wall thickness between the pendulum (55) and the holding frame (54).
  2. 2. Actuator according to claim 1, wherein the holding frame (54) has receiving pockets (57) arranged radially opposite each other, into which the magnetic armature (52) can be mounted by means of radially opposite arranged elevations (56), wherein the elevations (56) can be placed obliquely or swingably about a second axis (Y) on elevations (59) of the holding frame (54) protruding relative to a surface of the holding frame (54).
  3. 3. Actuator according to claim 2, wherein the projection (59) of the holding frame (54) is at least partially spherically configured, so that the bulge (56) of the magnetic armature (52) can be placed obliquely or swingably about the second axis (Y).
  4. 4. An actuator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the magnetic armature (52) can be fixed in the holding frame (54) by means of the bulge (56) according to a bayonet-locking connection by a rotational movement relative to the receiving pocket (57).
  5. 5. An actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tiltability or swivability of the magnetic armature (52) about the first axis (X) and the second axis (Y) is achieved such that the magnetic armature (52) lies with a face (58) of the magnetic armature on a stop face (51) of the electromagnet (50) in a planar manner with magnetic abutment (53).
  6. 6. Actuator according to claim 5, wherein the first axis (X) and the second axis (Y) are perpendicular to each other in one plane.
  7. 7. An actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oscillating member (55) with the magnetic armature (52) is movable back and forth between a first position (60) formed by the electromagnet (50) and the magnetic abutment (53) of the magnetic armature (52) for holding the spring element (5) and a second position (61) in which the spring element (5) relaxes.
  8. 8. An actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the case of a magnetic abutment (53), the planar surface (58) of the magnetic armature (52) is oriented parallel to the plane of the stop surface (51) of the electromagnet (50) or lies flat against the stop surface (51).
  9. 9. An actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pendulum (55) is mechanically operatively connected to the spring element (5) by means of the second actuating element (17), so that the pendulum (55) holds the spring element (5) magnetically against (53) on the electromagnet (50), which spring element is tensioned when a restoring force is built up.
  10. 10. An actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetic armature (52) is of disc-like construction.
  11. 11. An actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the holding frame (54) and/or the oscillating member (55) are constructed of plastic.
  12. 12. An actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a rotary element (4) which can be driven by means of the drive shaft (1) and is rotatably supported is provided, which rotary element is configured on the one hand with a first control cam (7) and on the other hand with a second control cam (8) for tensioning the spring element (5), which first control cam is operatively connected with the first operating element (3) for operating the gear change device.
  13. 13. Actuator according to claim 12, wherein a first mating element (20) of the first operating element (3) is provided for acting into the first control cam (7), wherein a second mating element (21) of the second operating element (17) is provided for acting into the second control cam (8).
  14. 14. Actuator according to claim 12, wherein the rotary element (4) is configured as a disc (6) on which two control cams (7, 8) are arranged on one of the opposite faces (18, 19) of the disc, respectively.
  15. 15. Actuator according to claim 12, wherein the first control cam (7) is configured such that the spring element (5) is tensioned with the build-up of a return force when the rotating element (4) is twisted between its neutral angular position of 0 ° and its maximum positive angular position up to +180°.
  16. 16. Actuator according to claim 12, wherein a worm (11) is arranged on the drive shaft (1), by which worm the rotating element (4) is driven by means of a gear assembly (12).
  17. 17. A device for engaging a parking lock of an automatic motor vehicle transmission, having an actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 16.
  18. 18. A motor vehicle having an automatic transmission and the apparatus of claim 17 co-operating therewith.

Description

Actuator and device for engaging a parking lock and motor vehicle Technical Field The present invention relates to an actuator. The invention also relates to a device for activating a parking lock of an automatic motor vehicle transmission and to a motor vehicle equipped with said device. Background The use of automatic shift control or shift-by-wire systems in motor vehicles offers several advantages over mechanically coupled shift control. For example, the gear shift stages of the transmission can be selected flexibly and by software depending on the vehicle state. The activation of the parking lock by engaging the P gear is no longer performed manually by the driver, but is ensured automatically by the control software, for example, when parking or leaving the vehicle. Since the engagement of the P gear to activate the parking lock before exiting the motor vehicle is mandatory for safety reasons, such systems and actuators have emergency mechanisms which should ensure the engagement of the P gear even in the event of a failure of the actuator or in the event of a voltage interruption. Typically, these emergency mechanisms work with an energy store, such as a mechanical spring element, which ensures the engagement of, for example, a mechanical emergency position, independently of the actuator. An actuator is known from DE 10 2011 014 815 A1. In this case, a motor vehicle parking lock actuator with at least one spindle is described, in which a longitudinal movement for automatically shifting the transmission gear is effected by a rotary movement of a motor. The emergency function for engaging the parking lock is here implemented by a spring element which is preloaded by actuation of the actuator in the out-of-park position and is held mechanically by the locking device. The shift function for triggering the emergency mechanism to engage the P range should be performed by a voltage source independent of the actuator. However, a disadvantage in such actuators is that a separate voltage source is required to trigger the emergency mechanism. Therefore, if no separate voltage source is available for use either (as may occur, in particular, if the battery of the motor vehicle is discharged and no other voltage source is available, such as a generator that operates properly as specified, either), then the P range cannot be engaged. Furthermore, in the actuator of DE 10 2011 014 815 A1, in order to pretension the spring element, the P gear must be disengaged, as a result of which undesirable and unreliable vehicle conditions occur, since the P gear of the transmission is already disengaged when no emergency mechanism is available, although this is not yet possible. A parking lock device is known from DE 100 45 953 B4, which is provided in particular for a motor vehicle provided with an automatically controllable transmission. The parking lock has an actuating device which comprises an actuating element for actuating the parking lock, a spring energy store for activating the parking lock, a controllable actuating drive for deactivating the parking lock, and a locking device for locking the parking lock in a deactivated state. The actuating drive is configured to be mechanically and electrically active and is connected to the main actuating lever. The spring energy store, the actuating drive and the locking device can be connected or operatively connected to the actuating element via a main actuating lever. An actuator for a motor vehicle parking lock for engaging in an automatic motor vehicle transmission is known from WO 2017/182555 A1. The actuator has a spring element which engages in the event of a fault in the actuator or in the event of a voltage interruption in the P gear of the automatic transmission. The spring element which is tensioned when the restoring force is built up is held in its position by means of an electrically operated holding magnet. As planar an abutment as possible between the magnet armature connected to the spring element and the actual magnet is required for good magnetic retention. The gap or also the asymmetric force introduction significantly reduces the magnetic retention. Disclosure of Invention Starting from the disadvantages described above, the invention is based on the object of expanding the actuator in such a way that in all cases a reliable and efficient function of the emergency mechanism for engaging P gear is ensured. The object of the invention is also to provide a device for engaging a parking lock of an automatic motor vehicle transmission, comprising an actuator of this type, and an improved motor vehicle. In the case of an actuator, this object is achieved by an actuator according to the invention. In the case of a device for engaging a parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, this object is achieved by a device according to the invention. Furthermore, this object is achieved by a motor vehicle according to the invention. Advantageous configurat