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CN-116200768-B - Preparation method and application of high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material and application method

CN116200768BCN 116200768 BCN116200768 BCN 116200768BCN-116200768-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application and a use method of a high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material, wherein foam nickel is immersed into a solution containing a certain amount of chloroplatinic acid, and a Ni-Pt composite electrode with rich NiO on the surface is prepared by a simple one-step chemical corrosion method. According to the invention, the NiO embedded on the surface can effectively reduce the water decomposition energy barrier, the Pt is introduced to form PtNi alloy with high HER activity with the foam nickel substrate, so that the dosage of Pt is greatly reduced, the adsorption/desorption efficiency of an H intermediate is ensured, the NiO nano particles with stable surfaces can effectively prevent unstable amorphous oxides from being formed on the surfaces of the PtNi alloy, the catalytic stability is greatly improved, and finally, the electrocatalytic efficiency is cooperatively improved by the NiO and the PtNi alloy.

Inventors

  • WANG JINSONG
  • LI ZHIMIN
  • ZHANG ZHENGFU
  • LI CHENGPING
  • ZHI YING
  • LI HAIYAO

Assignees

  • 昆明理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20230403

Claims (6)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, pre-treating foam nickel, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the foam nickel, and cleaning the foam nickel for later use; dissolving chloroplatinic acid in deionized water, and stirring to obtain a uniform solution with the concentration of 1-2 mmol/L; and thirdly, soaking the foam nickel treated in the first step in the solution obtained in the second step, reacting for 2-6 hours at room temperature, and forming a NiO/NiPt heterostructure consisting of a PtNi alloy layer and NiO nano particles on the surface of the alloy layer in situ on the surface of the foam nickel, thus obtaining the high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the nickel foam according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment in the first step comprises the steps of placing foam nickel into hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 5-7 mol/L, performing ultrasonic cleaning for 8-12 min, and then cleaning with deionized water.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the chloroplatinic acid solution in the step (ii) is 1 to 3.
  4. 4. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: Firstly, cutting foam nickel with the thickness of 1mm into squares with the thickness of 1cm multiplied by 1cm, putting the squares into hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 6mol/L, ultrasonically cleaning for 10min, and cleaning with deionized water for 3-5 times for standby; dissolving chloroplatinic acid with purity of 98% and platinum content of 38.3% in deionized water, and stirring to obtain a uniform solution with concentration of 1.5mmol/L, pH being 2; and thirdly, soaking the foam nickel treated in the first step in the solution obtained in the second step at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the nickel-nickel alloy.
  5. 5. Use of the high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-4 as a working electrode in hydrogen evolution of electrolyzed water.
  6. 6. The method for using the high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that a three-electrode system is constructed by taking KOH solution with the concentration of 1mol/L as electrolyte, taking the prepared high-performance nickel-platinum catalyst as a working electrode, taking saturated Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode and taking a graphite rod as a counter electrode for carrying out electrolytic water hydrogen evolution test.

Description

Preparation method and application of high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material and application method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical electrode materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application and a use method of a high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material. Background The hydrogen energy has the advantages of high energy density, high cleanliness, high conversion efficiency, rich reserves and the like, and is becoming one of important carriers for energy transformation development of various countries. According to the carbon emission of the preparation process, hydrogen is divided into three types of 'gray hydrogen', 'blue hydrogen' and 'green hydrogen', wherein the hydrogen is produced by water electrolysis through renewable energy power generation, the zero carbon emission in the hydrogen preparation process can be used for efficiently producing high-purity hydrogen, and the hydrogen is the most potential preparation mode of 'green hydrogen'. The electrolyzed water reaction consists of two half reactions, namely a hydrogen evolution reaction (hydrogen evolution reaction, HER) at the cathode side and an oxygen evolution reaction (oxygen evolution reaction, OER) at the anode side, and it is well known that the activity of HER in alkaline media is far lower than that of acidic media due to Volmer step (H 2O+e-→OH-+Hads) with high water dissociation energy barrier, so how to select and synthesize a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst under high activity alkaline conditions to realize efficient hydrogen production becomes a key subject. According to classical volcanic diagrams, noble metal platinum and a derivative material thereof have proper hydrogen absorption/desorption Gibbs free energy, but the price is high due to the scarcity of platinum, so that the cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis is high, and the rapid development of a hydrogen energy society is seriously hindered. Thus, research has focused on how to maintain or increase hydrogen evolution activity while reducing platinum loading. Nowadays, the introduction of non-noble metals and noble metal alloying is one of the best options, and more research on platinum-based alloys is emerging in the field of nanocatalysis, where the introduction of more active sites by surface modification is also an important means of increasing HER activity. However, most surface modification means such as electrodeposition, hydrothermal, sintering, etc. consume additional energy and the process flow is complicated. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a preparation method, application and using method of the high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material are proposed. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs a preparation method and application and a using method of a high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material, adopts a simple and controllable solution soaking corrosion method, prepares an alkaline HER catalytic electrode with high activity and high stability by using a low-cost foam metal material, synthesizes a high-activity Pt-based alloy, and simultaneously synthesizes metal oxide nano particles which are favorable for accelerating the hydrolysis by in-situ oxidation on the surface of a 3D foam metal framework. In order to achieve the technical effects, the preparation method of the high-performance nickel-platinum catalytic material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step1, pretreating foam nickel, putting the foam nickel into hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 5-7 mol/L, ultrasonically cleaning the foam nickel for 8-12 min, and cleaning the foam nickel with deionized water for later use; Step2, dissolving chloroplatinic acid (H 2PtCl6·6H2 O) in deionized water, and stirring to obtain a uniform solution with the concentration of 1-2 mmol/L, pH of 1-3; Step3, soaking the foam nickel treated in Step1 in the solution obtained in Step2 at 15-30 ℃ for 2-6 hours. Further, the method comprises the following steps: Step1, pretreating foam nickel, putting the foam nickel into hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 6mol/L, ultrasonically cleaning the foam nickel for 10min, and repeatedly cleaning the foam nickel with deionized water for later use; step2, dissolving chloroplatinic acid (H 2PtCl6·6H2 O) in deionized water, and stirring to obtain a uniform solution with the concentration of 1.5mmol/L, pH of 2; step3, soaking the foam nickel treated in Step1 in the solution obtained in Step2 at 25 ℃ for 4 hours. In Step1, the nickel foam is pretreated by cutting nickel foam with the thickness of 1mm into squares with the thickness of 1cm x 1cm, and washing with deionized water for 3-5 times. Further, in Step2, chloroplatinic acid (H 2PtCl6·6H2 O) has a specific purity of 98% and a platinum content of 38.3%. Another object of the present invention is to provide an