CN-116213905-B - Double-wire material-adding gun body based on cold cathode electron beam internal fuse material-adding

CN116213905BCN 116213905 BCN116213905 BCN 116213905BCN-116213905-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-wire material-adding gun body based on a cold cathode electron beam internal fuse material-adding. The cathode comprises an anode, an insulator, an inner cathode, an outer cathode, an annular wire nozzle, a discharge cavity, an upper plywood, wire guide pipes, a pipeline for cooling the cathode and a high-voltage power supply, wherein the insulator is arranged in the anode, the inner cathode is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the insulator, the whole outer cathode is annular and connected with the lower part of the insulator, a through hole for the two wire guide pipes to pass through, a water cooling channel, an air supply channel and a high-voltage power supply channel are arranged in the insulator, the annular wire nozzle arranged at the lower end of the insulator is in a conical tubular shape with the upper part wide and the lower part narrow, a wire feeding channel communicated with the wire guide pipes is arranged on the wall surface of the annular wire nozzle, the wire passing through the wire feeding channel in the annular wire nozzle leads to point to an annular electron beam focus, and the discharge cavity is formed among the inner cathode, the outer cathode, the annular wire nozzle and the lower part of an anode shell. The invention realizes a plurality of special functions of parts and adopts double wires to carry out the material-adding manufacture of the optical internal fuse.

Inventors

PENG YONG
MA WENLONG
WANG KEHONG
ZHOU QI
GUO SHUN
FAN JIKANG
XU JUNQIANG

Assignees

南京理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230331

Claims (4)

1. The double-wire material-increasing gun body based on the cold cathode electron beam internal fuse material increasing is characterized by comprising an anode (3), an insulator (4), an internal cathode (5), an external cathode (6), an annular wire nozzle (7), a discharge cavity (8), an upper plywood (9), a wire guide tube (14), a pipeline for cooling the cathode and a high-voltage power supply (16); The anode (3) is a shell consisting of a cylindrical section and a conical section, the upper part of the cylindrical section of the anode is provided with a flanging connected with an upper plywood (9), an insulator (4) is arranged in the anode (3), the middle part of the lower end of the insulator is provided with an inner cathode (5), the whole of the outer cathode (6) is annular and is connected with the lower part of the insulator, the insulator (4) is internally provided with a through hole, a water cooling channel, an air supply channel and a high-voltage power supply channel which are used for two wire guide tubes (14) to pass through, the annular wire nozzle (7) arranged at the lower end of the insulator is in a conical tubular shape with the upper part wide and the lower part narrow, the wire feeding channel communicated with the wire guide tubes is arranged on the wall surface of the annular wire nozzle (7), the connecting position of the annular wire nozzle (7) and the insulator is positioned between the inner cathode and the outer cathode, the wire feeding double channels in the annular wire nozzle (7) enable the wires passing through to point to an annular electron beam focus, and a discharge cavity (8) is formed between the inner cathode (5), the outer cathode (6), the annular wire nozzle (7) and the lower part of the shell of the anode (3); the wire feeding device also comprises a wire feeding sealer (2), wherein the upper end of the wire feeding sealer (2) is connected with a wire feeding mechanism (19), the lower end of the wire feeding sealer is connected with a wire guide tube (14), and the wire guide tube (14) passes through the upper plywood (9) and the insulator (4) and is communicated with the annular wire nozzle (7) at the lower end of the insulator; grooves for cooling water to pass through are formed in the inner cathode and the outer cathode; The pipeline for cooling the cathode comprises a vulva water inlet pipe (11), an inner cathode water inlet pipe (12), an inner cathode water outlet pipe (13) and a vulva water outlet pipe (15), wherein cooling water enters a sealing groove formed by an outer cathode and an insulator from the vulva water inlet pipe (11), and the cooling water in the groove enters the inner cathode water inlet pipe (12) through the vulva water outlet pipe (15) and a communicating pipe positioned on an upper plywood and then flows out through the inner cathode water outlet pipe (13), so that the cooling of the inner cathode and the outer cathode is realized; The two wire guide pipes (14) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the electron gun, the two wire guide pipes (14) are connected between the upper plate (9) and the insulator (4) in a bent pipe manner, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint, the upper part of each wire guide pipe (14) is parallel to the axis of the electron gun, and the lower part of each wire guide pipe is directed to the beam focus; the upper plate and the anode are connected through bolts, and the inner cathode and the outer cathode are detachably connected with the insulator; Applying voltage between the inner cathode, the outer cathode and the anode by using 20-30 kV high-voltage power supply, and grounding the annular wire nozzle (7); An air outlet groove (18) is arranged on the upper end surface of the annular wire nozzle (7), and the communication of the air inside and outside the annular wire nozzle (7) is realized through the air outlet groove (18); the insulator (4) is coaxially arranged with the inner cathode (5), the outer cathode (6), the anode (3) and the annular filament nozzle (7).
2. A dual wire additive gun body system based on a cold cathode electron beam in-light fuse additive, comprising the dual wire additive gun body of claim 1.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a wire feed mechanism (19) and a table (22) disposed within the vacuum chamber (21); The metal wire is fed into the wire guide tube (14) through the wire feeding mechanism (19), and the forming part of the double-wire additive gun body is positioned in the vacuum chamber (21) and formed in a vacuum environment.
4. A method of dual wire additive using the system of claim 3, comprising the steps of: Step (1), feeding wires to the position 20+/-2 mm below the annular wire nozzle, clamping the wires, wherein the diameter of the wires is not more than 2mm; placing a substrate on a workbench, clamping four corners of the substrate, and pushing the workbench into a vacuum chamber so that the substrate is positioned below an electron gun; Closing a vacuum chamber door and vacuumizing to be less than 1 multiplied by 10 -1 ; Preheating an electron gun; Step (5), adjusting a workbench to enable the wire to be opposite to the initial position of the substrate, and recording X, Y, Z coordinates of the initial position; Step (6), inputting initial positions to define original coordinates (0, 0) of the additive, and inputting an additive track of a workbench; opening a gas flowmeter, introducing gas into the vacuum chamber, and stabilizing the vacuum degree; Starting a power supply, recording a beam current value and a high-voltage value, regulating the air flow, scanning a substrate to preheat after the beam current is stable, starting additive manufacturing, finely adjusting the Z-axis position by using a knob to enable the molten drops and the substrate to bridge and transition, melting metal wires at an electrostatic convergence position, namely a focus position by using annular cold cathode electron beams on a workbench in a vacuum chamber, stacking the melted metal wires layer by layer according to a preset track, and finally forming a formed part.

Description

Double-wire material-adding gun body based on cold cathode electron beam internal fuse material-adding Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of material forming, and particularly relates to a double-wire material-adding gun body based on cold cathode electron beam internal fuse material adding. Background The electron beam fuse additive manufacturing is a novel technology with high efficiency, low cost and quick response, is particularly suitable for quick preparation of large-scale metal components, and some research institutions at home and abroad have conducted intensive researches on the technology. At present, an electron gun commonly used for manufacturing the electron beam fuse additive at home and abroad is a hot cathode, the service life of the cathode is generally short, and the quality and the processing efficiency of the manufacturing of the electron beam fuse additive are directly affected. Because of the inherent characteristic that electron beam current of a hot cathode electron gun structure must be output along the axis of the electron beam current, wires for fuse additive manufacturing must be obliquely fed from the vicinity of a beam outlet of the electron gun, namely light is externally fed, and the method cannot ensure that the wire feeding direction and the gun body additive direction angle are constant when adding complex components, so that the additive forming quality and the flexibility of an additive path are affected. The above reasons result in that the electron beam fuse additive manufacturing technology has not been widely popularized and applied. The cold cathode gas discharge electron gun has the characteristics of long service life of the cathode, high power and diversified beam spot morphology, and the effect of the optical internal fuse can be obtained by optimizing the structure of the cold cathode electron gun. An electron gun apparatus for manufacturing a fuse additive with coaxial tows is disclosed in application number CN 201810235235.7. However, the device can only be manufactured by using one wire material, but can not be used for two different wire materials to replace or simultaneously manufacture the wire materials, and a method and a device for heterogeneous double-wire in-situ alloying plasma arc material adding are disclosed in the application number CN202211218271.5, but the device can not realize optical internal wire feeding and has a 'shadow zone'. The two wires with excellent performance are used for integrally forming the part, so that the performance of the part can be improved, various special functions of the part are realized, and the problem of 'shadow zone' can be effectively solved by the optical internal fuse, thereby meeting the product requirement with higher requirement. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a double-wire material-adding gun body based on cold cathode electron beam internal fuse material adding, which improves the performance of parts, realizes various special functions of the parts and adopts double wires to manufacture the internal fuse material adding. The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is that the double-wire material-increasing gun body based on cold cathode electron beam internal fuse material-increasing comprises an anode, an insulator, an internal cathode, an external cathode, an annular wire nozzle, a discharge cavity, an upper plywood, a wire guide tube, a pipeline for cooling the cathode and a high-voltage power supply; The anode is a shell composed of a cylindrical section and a conical section, a flange connected with the upper plywood is arranged on the upper portion of the cylindrical section of the anode, an insulator is arranged in the anode, an inner cathode is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the insulator, the whole outer cathode is annular and connected with the lower portion of the insulator, a through hole for two wire guide tubes to pass through, a water cooling channel, an air supply channel and a high-voltage power supply channel are arranged in the insulator, an annular wire nozzle arranged at the lower end of the insulator is in a conical tubular shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, a wire feeding channel communicated with the wire guide tubes is arranged on the wall surface of the annular wire nozzle, the connection position of the annular wire nozzle and the insulator is located between the inner cathode and the outer cathode, and the wire feeding channel in the annular wire nozzle enables wires passing through to point to an annular electron beam focus, and a discharge cavity is formed among the inner cathode, the outer cathode, the annular wire nozzle and the lower portion of the anode shell. Further, the wire feeding device is further arranged, the upper end of the wire feeding device is connected with the wire feeding mechanism, the lower end of the wire feeding device is connected with the wire guide tube, and t