CN-116227303-B - Tire and comb plate type expansion joint vibration noise simulation method

CN116227303BCN 116227303 BCN116227303 BCN 116227303BCN-116227303-B

Abstract

The invention provides a vibration noise simulation method for a tire and a comb plate type expansion joint, which comprises the steps of obtaining the tire deformation under the action of load by establishing a tire-bridge deck finite element model, comparing and verifying an empirical formula to calculate the result, constructing the tire-bridge deck-expansion joint finite element model, and setting the relative displacement between the bridge deck and the tire to load the equivalent tire. Setting up multiple analysis steps, increasing translation speed of bridge deck and expansion joint gradually, simulating rolling condition of tyre on bridge deck and expansion joint, calculating vibration displacement of every node of tyre, using vibration displacement of tyre as boundary condition, introducing into acoustic calculation software, adopting boundary element method to calculate vibration time domain noise when tyre passes through bridge deck and expansion joint, and comparing actual measurement noise result. The invention can rapidly determine the vibration noise of the comb plate type expansion joint under the impact action of the tire, and the difference value between the vibration noise and the test result is less than 10%, can be used for predicting the noise level of the expansion joint in the earlier stage of design, and is convenient for optimizing the design of the noise reduction expansion joint.

Inventors

LIAO GONGYUN
LI YICHUN
Zha Jiaji
ZHANG WEIJIE

Assignees

东南大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20230327

Claims (9)

1. A method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and a comb plate type expansion joint is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, building a tire-bridge floor finite element model, applying internal pressure and load to a tire, and calculating to obtain the tire deformation by combining a tire deformation empirical formula; S2, establishing a bridge deck-comb plate expansion joint model, presetting material parameters and grid division for the model, then establishing a tire-bridge deck-comb plate expansion joint finite element model according to the tire-bridge deck finite element model obtained in the step S1, and presetting contact conditions between the bridge deck and the comb plate expansion joint, between the tire and the bridge deck and between the tire and the comb plate expansion joint; S3, equivalent load action of the tire to vertical relative displacement between the tire and the bridge deck, gradually increasing translation speed of the bridge deck and the expansion joint through presetting a plurality of analysis steps, obtaining rolling condition of the tire on the bridge deck and the expansion joint of the comb plate, and calculating vibration displacement of each node of the tire; S4, extracting a tire tread grid, introducing the tire tread grid into acoustic simulation software, setting a field point plane and monitoring points, taking vibration displacement of each node of the tire obtained in the step S3 as a boundary condition, and calculating a sound source when the tire passes through expansion joints of a bridge deck and a comb plate by adopting a boundary element method; s5, superposing sound sources when the tire passes through the bridge deck and the expansion joint of the comb plate, comparing whether the difference between the sound source superposition result and the known preset result is smaller than the preset difference, outputting the sound source superposition result if the difference is smaller than the preset difference, and otherwise, returning to the step S2.
2. The method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein step S1 comprises the following sub-steps: S101, building a tire model, drawing grids of the tire model, and then generating a finite element model; s102, establishing a bridge floor finite element model, drawing grids, and presetting material parameters of the tire and the bridge floor model to generate a tire-bridge floor finite element model; s103, inflating the tire, applying internal pressure and loading to obtain a deformed tire model, and comparing the deformation of the tire model with the calculation result of the tire deformation empirical formula obtained by Dunlap D F, wherein the following formula is obtained: , Wherein, the The unit is cm for the compressive deformation of the tire; for the design parameters of the tire, the tire is provided with a plurality of tire parameters, W is the load on the tire, and the unit is daN; d is the outer diameter of the tire, and the unit is cm; the width of the tire is in cm; P is the tire internal pressure in 100kPa; 。
3. The method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein step S2 comprises the following sub-steps: s201, establishing a bridge deck-comb plate expansion joint model, presetting material properties of the model, dividing grids, and encrypting the grids on the top surface of the bridge deck model contacting the tire; s202, based on a bridge deck-comb plate expansion joint model, combining the tire-bridge deck finite element model obtained in the step S1, establishing a tire-bridge deck-comb plate expansion joint finite element model, and presetting the distance between the tire and the bridge deck; s203, the comb plate type expansion joint comprises a movable comb plate and a fixed comb plate, wherein the bottom surface and the side surface of the fixed comb plate and the side surface of the bridge deck paving clamping groove, the bottom surface and the side surface of the movable comb plate and the side surface of the bridge deck paving clamping groove are restrained by tie, the bottom surface and the side surface of the fixed comb plate and the side surface of the bridge deck paving clamping groove, the bottom surface and the side surface of the movable comb plate and the side surface of the bridge deck paving clamping groove, the bottom surface and the bottom surface of the bridge deck paving clamping groove on the other side, the outer surface of the tire and the top surface and the side surface of the tire are in surface-surface contact, and penalty function friction of corresponding friction coefficients is defined.
4. A method of simulating vibration noise of a tire and comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 3, wherein step S3 comprises the sub-steps of: s301, fixing a tire center reference point and a bridge deck pavement bottom surface, and applying uniform load to the inner wall of the tire as inflation pressure; s302, fixing a tire center reference point, and applying upward displacement to the paving bottom surface of the bridge deck to enable the tire to deform under the action of the bridge deck, wherein the deformation degree is consistent with the deformation amount in the step S1; S303, loosening the rotation freedom degree of a reference point of the center of the tire, allowing the tire to rotate around a central shaft, loosening the freedom degree of the advancing direction of the tire on the bottom surface of the bridge deck pavement, setting a small initial speed of the bridge deck pavement and the expansion joint in the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the tire, and enabling the tire to start rolling around the central shaft of the tire under the action of friction force, wherein the bridge deck pavement, the expansion joint and the tire are relatively displaced; s304, based on the step S303, a plurality of analysis steps are set, the translational speeds of bridge deck pavement and expansion joints are gradually increased, the tire reaches a preset target speed before reaching the expansion joints, the tire passes through the expansion joints at the target speed, and the vibration displacement of each node of the tire is calculated.
5. The method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 4, wherein step S4 comprises the following sub-steps: s401, extracting tire surface grids with preset precision to form tire boundary elements, S402, drawing a field point plane on a tire tread grid, and selecting monitoring points; S403, using the vibration displacement of each node of the tire obtained in the step S3 as a boundary condition, performing acoustic response calculation, and outputting a sound pressure level time domain response function to obtain a sound source when the tire passes through the expansion joints of the bridge deck and the comb plate.
6. The method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 4, wherein in step S5, the method comprises the following sub-steps: S501, setting four tires of an automobile running on a bridge deck as four identical sound sources, wherein according to the sound energy superposition principle, the total sound pressure level after superposition of the sound pressure levels of the four tires is as follows: ; Wherein, the The unit is dB (A) for the total sound pressure level; The sound pressure level of the sound source 1 is expressed in dB (A); The sound pressure level of the sound source 2 is expressed in dB (A); the sound pressure level of the sound source 3 is expressed in dB (A); the sound pressure level of the sound source 4 is expressed in dB (A); consider four tires as four identical sound sources, i.e = The total sound pressure level is expressed as follows: ; s502, regarding two tires of an automobile passing through the expansion joint at the same time as two identical sound sources, regarding the other two tires running on the bridge deck as identical sound sources, and then, the total sound pressure level after superposition of the sound pressure levels of the four tires is as follows, namely, the result after superposition of the sound sources: ; s503, comparing whether the difference value between the result after sound source superposition and the known preset result is smaller than the preset difference value, if so, outputting the result after sound source superposition, otherwise, returning to the step S2.
7. The method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 2, wherein in step S101, when the tire model is built and the mesh thereof is drawn, and then the finite element model is generated, the tire model is built by using the Solidworks software and the mesh is drawn in the hypermesh software, and the tire mesh is imported into the finite element software Abaqus in inp format.
8. The method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and a comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 5, wherein step S403 is specifically implemented by adding a unit at a tire rim to seal the tire rim, introducing the tire rim into a Acoustic Transient BEM module of an LMS virtual lab, drawing a field point plane at the module, selecting a monitoring point as required, taking the obtained tire displacement vibration response as a boundary condition, performing acoustic response calculation, outputting a sound pressure level time domain response function, and obtaining a sound source when the tire passes through the bridge deck and the comb plate expansion joint.
9. The method for simulating vibration noise of a tire and comb plate type expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the preset difference is 10%.

Description

Tire and comb plate type expansion joint vibration noise simulation method Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of noise simulation, and particularly relates to a vibration noise simulation method for a tire and comb plate type expansion joint. Background Noise generated by a vehicle during running includes tire/road noise, mechanical noise and aerodynamic noise, wherein the tire/road noise can reach more than 90% of the total noise. The expansion joint is used as an important part and a weak link of the bridge and bears the function of meeting the requirement of bridge deformation. Because bridge expansion joints are perpendicular to the driving direction and are mostly semi-rigid or rigid members, the expansion joints can be impacted when a vehicle passes through so as to generate vibration noise, and the stability and safety of the vehicle driving can be adversely affected by the vibration of the structure. At present, research on expansion joints at home and abroad is mainly focused on the aspects of installation construction, disease monitoring, maintenance and replacement of the expansion joints, and research on vibration noise characteristics of the expansion joints, particularly the noise characteristics of comb plate type expansion joints is relatively less, and the expansion joints are mainly an outdoor monitoring method, and an outdoor test is greatly influenced by field environments and has lower measurement accuracy. Therefore, in order to predict the noise characteristics of the expansion joint during the expansion joint design stage to optimize the noise reduction function of the expansion joint, a method for simulating the vibration noise of the expansion joint by using the tire and the comb plate type expansion joint is required to be invented. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a vibration noise simulation method for a tire and a comb plate type expansion joint, which solves the problem of low accuracy of a noise monitoring result of the comb plate type expansion joint in the prior art. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the method for simulating vibration noise of the expansion joint of the tire and the comb plate comprises the following steps: S1, building a tire-bridge floor finite element model, applying internal pressure and load to a tire, and calculating to obtain the tire deformation by combining a tire deformation empirical formula; S2, establishing a bridge deck-comb plate expansion joint model, presetting material parameters and grid division for the model, then establishing a tire-bridge deck-comb plate expansion joint finite element model according to the tire-bridge deck finite element model obtained in the step S1, and presetting contact conditions between the bridge deck and the comb plate expansion joint, between the tire and the bridge deck and between the tire and the comb plate expansion joint; S3, equivalent load action of the tire to vertical relative displacement between the tire and the bridge deck, gradually increasing translation speed of the bridge deck and the expansion joint through presetting a plurality of analysis steps, obtaining rolling condition of the tire on the bridge deck and the expansion joint of the comb plate, and calculating vibration displacement of each node of the tire; S4, extracting a tire tread grid, introducing the tire tread grid into acoustic simulation software, setting a field point plane and monitoring points, taking vibration displacement of each node of the tire obtained in the step S3 as a boundary condition, and calculating a sound source when the tire passes through expansion joints of a bridge deck and a comb plate by adopting a boundary element method; s5, superposing sound sources when the tire passes through the bridge deck and the expansion joint of the comb plate, comparing whether the difference between the sound source superposition result and the known preset result is smaller than the preset difference, outputting the sound source superposition result if the difference is smaller than the preset difference, and otherwise, returning to the step S2. Further, the step S1 includes the following sub-steps: S101, building a tire model, drawing grids of the tire model, and then generating a finite element model; s102, establishing a bridge floor finite element model, drawing grids, and presetting material parameters of the tire and the bridge floor model to generate a tire-bridge floor finite element model; s103, inflating the tire, applying internal pressure and loading to obtain a deformed tire model, and comparing the deformation of the tire model with the calculation result of the tire deformation empirical formula obtained by Dunlap D F, wherein the following formula is obtained: , Wherein, the The unit is cm for the compressive deformation of the tire; for the design parameters of the tire, the tire is provided with a plurality of