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CN-116231135-B - Battery powder recycling method

CN116231135BCN 116231135 BCN116231135 BCN 116231135BCN-116231135-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery powder recycling method, which belongs to the technical field of resource recycling and comprises the steps of adding phosphorus-containing mixed acid liquid and hydrogen peroxide into battery powder for acid dissolution and filtering to obtain metal leaching liquid, adding a first pH regulator into the metal leaching liquid, regulating the pH to 1.5-2.7, filtering to obtain iron-removing leaching liquid and crude ferric phosphate, adding a second pH regulator into the iron-removing leaching liquid, regulating the pH to 3.5-5.5, filtering to obtain qualified leaching liquid and dangerous waste iron aluminum slag, uniformly mixing the dangerous waste iron aluminum slag with a reducing agent, then carrying out solid phase oxidation reaction under a heating condition to obtain a precursor, washing the precursor with hot water, filtering to obtain a metal sulfate solution and directly-abandoned iron aluminum oxide slag, and converting dangerous solid wastes into general solid wastes.

Inventors

  • ZHANG JINCHAO
  • WANG MING
  • LIU SHAOKUI
  • LIU YONGQI
  • Gong Qinxue
  • LI CHANGDONG

Assignees

  • 广东邦普循环科技有限公司
  • 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20230104

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The battery powder recycling method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Adding phosphorus-containing mixed acid solution and hydrogen peroxide into the battery powder for acid dissolution, and filtering to obtain metal leaching solution; Adding a first pH regulator into the metal leaching solution, regulating the pH to 1.5-2.7, and filtering to obtain iron-removing leaching solution and crude ferric phosphate; Adding a second pH regulator into the iron-removing leaching solution, regulating the pH to 3.5-5.5, and filtering to obtain qualified leaching solution and dangerous scrap iron aluminum slag; Uniformly mixing the dangerous waste iron aluminum slag with a reducing agent, then carrying out solid-phase oxidation reaction under a heating condition to obtain a precursor, washing the precursor with hot water, and filtering to obtain a metal sulfate solution and iron aluminum oxide slag which can be directly abandoned; the reducing agent comprises ammonium sulfate, and the temperature of the solid-phase oxidation reaction is 400-800 ℃.
  2. 2. The battery powder recycling method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the molar amount of phosphorus element in the phosphorus-containing mixed acid solution to the molar amount of iron element in the battery powder is 1-1.2:1, and the concentration of hydrogen ions in the phosphorus-containing mixed acid solution is 1-2 mol/L.
  3. 3. The battery powder recycling method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is added in an amount which is 0.5-1.5 times the molar amount of iron element in the battery powder.
  4. 4. The recycling method of battery powder according to claim 1, wherein a first pH regulator is added to the metal leaching solution to regulate the pH to 2-2.7.
  5. 5. The method for recycling battery powder according to claim 1, wherein the first pH adjuster comprises at least one of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and ammonia water.
  6. 6. The recycling method of battery powder according to claim 1, wherein a second pH regulator is added to the iron-removing leaching solution to regulate the pH to 4-5.5.
  7. 7. The method for recycling battery powder according to claim 1, wherein the second pH adjuster comprises at least one of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and ammonia water.
  8. 8. The battery powder recycling method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the dangerous scrap iron aluminum slag to the reducing agent is 1:0.1-2.
  9. 9. The battery powder recycling method according to claim 1, wherein the time of the solid-phase oxidation reaction is 1-4 hours.
  10. 10. The recycling method of battery powder according to claim 1, wherein the hot water is washed at a temperature of 50-80 ℃, the mass ratio of the hot water to the precursor is 3-20:1, and the washing time is 15-30 min.

Description

Battery powder recycling method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to a battery powder recycling method. Background Along with the vigorous development of new energy electric vehicle markets, a large number of retired power batteries face treatment difficulties, at present, the power battery recovery mainly adopts three methods of a fire method, a wet method, a biological method and the like, wherein the fire method has higher energy consumption, the precious metal in the power battery cannot be recovered selectively, the biological method has too high cost and longer production period, the wet method process is favored by more and more manufacturers due to the characteristics of low cost and high selective recovery of the metal, and the problems of waste water, waste gas and waste residues generated in the wet method recovery process seriously restrict the large-scale popularization of the wet method recovery process. In the wet recovery process of the power battery, the battery powder is generally subjected to the procedures of high acid leaching, impurity removal, extraction separation, synthesis and the like to realize the selective recovery of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium, and in the impurity removal process, the pH value is generally adjusted to ensure that iron, aluminum and other elements generate corresponding hydroxide precipitates to be discharged, namely iron-aluminum slag, and in the process, part of nickel, cobalt and manganese are mixed in the iron-aluminum slag due to the coprecipitation effect due to the property of nickel-iron being close to each other, so that dangerous solid waste is generated and the recovery rate of precious metals is reduced. Therefore, if the noble metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese and the like can be recovered from the iron-aluminum slag, the recovery rate of metals in the leaching process can be improved, the economic benefit can be improved, the dangerous solid waste can be converted into the general solid waste, and the waste slag treatment cost is greatly reduced. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a battery powder recycling method which has high recycling efficiency and can convert dangerous solid wastes into general solid wastes. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A battery powder recycling method comprises the following steps: Adding phosphorus-containing mixed acid solution and hydrogen peroxide into the battery powder for acid dissolution, and filtering to obtain metal leaching solution; Adding a first pH regulator into the metal leaching solution, regulating the pH to 1.5-2.7, and filtering to obtain iron-removing leaching solution and crude ferric phosphate; Adding a second pH regulator into the iron-removing leaching solution, regulating the pH to 3.5-5.5, and filtering to obtain qualified leaching solution and dangerous scrap iron aluminum slag; And uniformly mixing the dangerous waste iron aluminum slag with a reducing agent, then carrying out solid-phase oxidation reaction under a heating condition to obtain a precursor, washing the precursor with hot water, and filtering to obtain a metal sulfate solution and iron aluminum oxide slag which can be directly discarded. According to the invention, the battery powder is acid-dissolved by using the phosphorus-containing mixed acid solution and hydrogen peroxide, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is used, so that the metal leaching efficiency can be improved, meanwhile, ferrous ions can be oxidized, the phosphorus element is provided when the phosphorus-containing mixed acid solution is added, the pH value is adjusted to 1.5-2.7 for the first time, iron-removing leaching solution and crude ferric phosphate are obtained, so that iron is produced in the form of crude ferric phosphate, the economic value is effectively improved, the pH value is adjusted to 3.5-5.5 for the second time, qualified leaching solution and dangerous waste iron aluminum slag are obtained, at this time, the qualified leaching solution can sequentially treat noble metals such as nickel, cobalt and manganese through a subsequent extraction process, and the dangerous waste iron aluminum slag needs to be continuously converted, the dangerous waste iron aluminum slag is creatively mixed with a reducing agent, then the solid phase oxidation reaction is carried out, so that nickel, cobalt and manganese hydroxide which is indissoluble in water is converted into indissoluble nickel, cobalt and manganese sulfate, the iron aluminum hydroxide is partially converted into more indissoluble iron aluminum oxide, so that the metal, nickel, cobalt and manganese in the iron aluminum slag are effectively improved, the production benefit is also improved, the production benefit is directly converted into waste iron slag through the subsequent waste metal wast