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CN-116252028-B - Automatic PTA overlaying method for reamer bit wear-resistant layer

CN116252028BCN 116252028 BCN116252028 BCN 116252028BCN-116252028-B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic PTA overlaying method for a wear-resistant layer of a reamer bit, which uses a novel automatic PTA overlaying system to carry out overlaying operation, and the corrugated curved overlaying wear-resistant layer is overlaid on the reamer bit, so that the wear resistance and drilling performance of the reamer are improved. The high-hardness build-up layer increases the service life of the reamer, the stable arc pressure tracking function and welding parameters, ensures that tungsten carbide particles of a metallographic structure of the build-up layer are uniformly distributed, has no sinking and burning loss, and has no spalling phenomenon.

Inventors

  • LI XIANGQI
  • SHI SHAOJIAN
  • SUN JIAN
  • YANG XIANSHENG
  • ZHANG HUAJIN
  • CHEN HUIYAN
  • Shen Yougang

Assignees

  • 福尼斯(南京)表面工程技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20221228

Claims (9)

  1. 1. An automatic PTA overlaying method for a reamer bit wear-resistant layer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) a plasma generator (2) of an automatic PTA overlaying system adopts a Fronius TT job G/F type welding machine, the welding current is 3A-500A, the no-load voltage is 86V, the welding generator is arranged on a welding power supply (3) through a TT2200 trolley beam, the welding power supply (3) adopts a Fronius TT2200 power supply, the adjustable plasma current is 3A-50A, the plasma gas adjusting range is 0.2L/min-10L/min, and the adjusting precision is 0.01L/min; 2) The powder feeder I (18) and the powder feeder II (19) of the automatic PTA overlaying system adopt SFQ-A-001 scraper type powder feeders, the powder feeding amount is 0.4g/min-300g/min, the powder feeding granularity is 20 mu m-250 mu m, the welding current of a plasma powder spraying welding gun (22) is 30A-250A, and the powder granularity is 45 mu m-200 mu m; 3) The method comprises the steps of turning on a main power switch on a control cabinet (1), simultaneously turning on a plasma generator (2) and a welding power supply (3), placing a reamer bit workpiece on a positioner turntable (23), and clamping the workpiece by rotating a single-action claw (32); 4) The position-changing machine turntable (23) is turned to a horizontal position by using the handheld demonstrator, so that a workpiece horizontally falls on a tugboat (28), the tugboat (28) supports the workpiece, the lifting upright post (15) is lifted, the plasma powder-spraying welding gun (22) is moved to a region to be welded by moving the telescopic cross beam (16), and the plasma powder-spraying welding gun (22) is flush with the region to be welded of the workpiece; 5) Setting welding parameters, namely calling a welding JOB form in a program to set, wherein JOB 0 is an arc starting parameter, current 100A, arc starting rising time 1s, air supply time 3s in advance, powder supply time 2s after delay, JOB 1 is a welding parameter, welding current 160A, plasma current 15A, welding speed 80mm/min, swinging width 15mm, swinging speed 500mm/min, welding protection air flow 15L/min, central air flow 1.5L/min and powder supply air flow 3L/min; 6) The welding powder is Ni45+ nickel-based tungsten carbide mixed welding powder, the granularity of Ni45 is 150-325 meshes, the proportion is 40%, the granularity of nickel-based tungsten carbide is 48-150 meshes, the proportion is 60%, the powder feeding amount set in the welding process is 15g/min, the surfacing operation is carried out, the corrugated curved surfacing wear-resistant layer (34) is surfacing on the reamer bit, and the automatic PTA surfacing of the reamer bit wear-resistant layer is completed.
  2. 2. The automatic PTA overlaying welding method for the wear-resistant layer of the reamer bit is characterized in that the automatic PTA overlaying welding system comprises a welding mechanism, a movable cross mechanism, a welding gun swinging mechanism and a workpiece clamping mechanism, the welding mechanism comprises a plasma generator (2), a welding power supply (3), a first powder feeder (18), a second powder feeder (19) and a plasma powder spraying welding gun (22) which are sequentially connected, the movable cross mechanism comprises a control cabinet (1), an integrated base (4), a rack guide rail (6) and a lifting upright post (15), the rack guide rail (6) is provided with a movable base (12), a base servo motor (14) with a gear (33) is arranged on the movable base (12), the gear (33) is meshed with the rack guide rail (6), a cross beam servo motor (17) with a gear body is arranged on the lifting upright post (15), the gear body is meshed with the guide rail on the lifting upright post (15), a telescopic cross beam (16) is arranged at the end of the telescopic cross beam (16), and a carriage (21) and a tank chain (29) are arranged at the end of the telescopic cross beam (16).
  3. 3. The automatic PTA overlaying method for the wear-resistant layer of the reamer bit is characterized in that the welding gun swinging mechanism comprises a sliding frame (21) and a fixed supporting plate (31), a sliding block (20) is arranged on a sliding guide rail of the sliding frame (21), a screw rod is arranged in the sliding frame (21) and connected with a swinging servo motor (30), the plasma powder spraying welding gun (22) is connected with an adapter plate and the sliding block (20) through screws, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a position changing machine body (25), a supporting bracket body (11), a supporting bracket buffer block (9) and a single-action claw (32), the position changing machine body (25) is provided with a semicircular overturning gear device (24), the semicircular overturning gear device (24) is provided with a position changing machine turntable (23), the supporting bracket body (11) is arranged on a supporting bracket linear guide rail (8), and the supporting bracket body (11) is provided with a dragging bracket frame (10).
  4. 4. The automatic PTA overlaying method for the wear-resistant layer of the reamer bit is characterized in that the vertical lifting stroke of the lifting upright post (15) is 1500mm, the lifting speed is20 mm/min-2000mm/min, the telescopic stroke of the telescopic cross beam (16) is 1000mm, the horizontal moving speed is20 mm/min-2000mm/min, and the moving stroke of the movable base (12) is more than or equal to 1500mm.
  5. 5. The automatic PTA overlaying method for the wear-resistant layer of the reamer bit according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the shifter turntable (23) is 0.01rpm-1rpm, the rotation precision is less than or equal to 0.12 degrees, the load is less than or equal to 1000kg, the diameter range of a workpiece of the tug (28) is 80mm-300mm, the swing precision of the sliding block (20) is +/-0.1 mm, and the swing speed is 40mm/min-4000mm/min.
  6. 6. The automatic PTA overlaying method for the wear-resistant layer of the reamer bit according to claim 3, wherein the integrated base (4) is of an integrated steel structure, a plurality of adjusting horizontal foot frames (5) are arranged on the periphery of the integrated base (4), and buffer blocks (7) are arranged on the edge of the integrated base (4).
  7. 7. The automatic PTA overlaying method for the wear-resistant layer of the reamer bit according to claim 3, wherein a limiting valve (13) is arranged on the movable base (12).
  8. 8. The automatic PTA overlaying method for the wear-resistant layer of the reamer bit according to claim 3, wherein a tug (28) is arranged on the tug frame (10), the tug frame (10) is connected with the tug (28) through a bearing, and a tug lifting device (27) is arranged at the edge part of the tug frame (10).
  9. 9. The automated PTA overlay welding method for a wear-resistant layer of a reamer bit according to claim 8, wherein a lifting scale (26) is arranged on the side of the tug lifting device (27).

Description

Automatic PTA overlaying method for reamer bit wear-resistant layer Technical Field The invention relates to the field of surfacing, in particular to an automatic PTA surfacing method for a wear-resistant layer of a reamer bit. Background In the petroleum drilling and production industry, the petroleum drilling and reaming technology has quite wide application fields, the petroleum drilling and reaming technology of various countries is continuously developed, the role and the status of the petroleum drilling and reaming technology are more important, the reamer related to the reaming technology is particularly important, the drill bit is continuously rotated and pressed in the petroleum drilling and production process, the reamer directly rubs with a rock stratum, and all the reamer needs to have very high hardness. Reamer surface overlaying hard alloy is one of methods for effectively improving the surface hardness of a reamer, and most of reamer surface overlaying is MIG welding or manual welding hard alloy at present, so that the following problems are easy to occur: 1. Welding defects such as air holes, slag inclusion, unfused welding and the like on the surface of the welding layer are numerous, and the welding quality is unstable. 2. The MIG welding or manual welding has a plurality of net cracks on the surface of the hard alloy, and the alloy welding layer is peeled off after surfacing. 3. The tungsten carbide particles of the metallographic structure of the build-up welding layer are unevenly distributed and have bottoms and burning loss. 4. For large workpieces, the surfacing efficiency is low, and the construction cost is increased. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects and defects of the prior art, the invention provides an automatic PTA overlaying method for the reamer bit wear-resistant layer, wherein the overlaid reamer bit wear-resistant layer is corrugated, so that the wear resistance and drilling performance of the reamer are improved. The invention relates to an automatic PTA overlaying method for a reamer bit wear-resistant layer, which comprises the following steps: 1) The plasma generator of the automatic PTA overlaying system adopts Fronius TT 5000:5000 job G/F type welding machine, the welding current is 3A-500A, the no-load voltage is 86V, the welding power source is installed on the welding power source through a TT2200 trolley beam, the welding power source adopts Fronius TT2200 power source, the adjustable plasma current is 3A-50A, the plasma gas adjusting range is 0.2L/min-10L/min, and the adjusting precision is 0.01L/min; 2) The powder feeder I and the powder feeder II of the automatic PTA overlaying system adopt SFQ-A-001 scraping plate type powder feeders, the powder feeding amount is 0.4g/min-300g/min, the powder feeding granularity is 20 mu m-250 mu m, the welding current of a plasma powder spraying welding gun is 30A-250A, and the powder granularity is 45 mu m-200 mu m; 3) The main power switch on the control cabinet is turned on, and the plasma generator and the welding power supply are turned on simultaneously; 4) The lifting stand column is lifted, and the plasma powder spraying welding gun is moved to a region to be welded by moving the telescopic cross beam, so that the plasma powder spraying welding gun is flush with the region to be welded of the workpiece; 5) Setting welding parameters, namely calling a welding JOB form in a program to set, wherein JOB 0 is an arc starting parameter, current 100A, arc starting rising time 1s, air supply time 3s in advance, powder supply time 2s after delay, JOB 1 is a welding parameter, welding current 160A, plasma current 15A, welding speed 80mm/min, swinging width 15mm, swinging speed 500mm/min, welding protection air flow 15L/min, central air flow 1.5L/min and powder supply air flow 3L/min; 6) The welding powder is Ni45+ nickel-based tungsten carbide mixed welding powder, the granularity of Ni45 is 150-325 meshes, the proportion is 40%, the granularity of nickel-based tungsten carbide is 48-150 meshes, the proportion is 60%, the powder feeding amount set in the welding process is 15g/min, the surfacing operation is carried out, the corrugated curved surfacing wear-resisting layer is surfacing on the reamer bit, and the automatic PTA surfacing of the reamer bit wear-resisting layer is completed. The automatic PTA overlaying system comprises a welding mechanism, a movable cross mechanism, a welding gun swinging mechanism and a workpiece holding mechanism, wherein the welding mechanism comprises a plasma generator, a welding power supply, a first powder feeder, a second powder feeder and a plasma powder spraying welding gun which are sequentially connected, the movable cross mechanism comprises a control cabinet, an integrated base, a rack guide rail and a lifting stand column, the rack guide rail is provided with a movable base, a base servo motor with a gear is arranged on the movable base, the gear is meshed with the rac