CN-116275486-B - Control method for precisely sucking dust of laser cutting machine

CN116275486BCN 116275486 BCN116275486 BCN 116275486BCN-116275486-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method for precisely pumping dust of a laser cutting machine, which comprises the steps of debugging the laser cutting machine, wherein the laser cutting machine comprises a dust pumping machine tool, a laser cutting head and an upper computer, the upper computer is used for controlling the laser cutting head to perform cutting, the laser cutting head is arranged above the dust pumping machine tool, a dust accumulation groove is formed in the dust pumping machine tool, the dust accumulation groove is divided into a plurality of dust pumping areas, each dust pumping area is respectively provided with a dust pumping assembly, the dust pumping assembly comprises a dust pumping pipe orifice, a flashboard and a servo motor, cutting is started, the upper computer records XY coordinate information of the laser cutting head in real time, judges which dust pumping area the laser cutting head is located according to the XY coordinate information of the laser cutting head, and the upper computer controls the dust pumping assemblies of the dust pumping areas where the laser cutting head is located to perform dust pumping, and the dust pumping assemblies of other dust pumping areas stop dust pumping or the dust pumping assemblies of adjacent dust pumping areas perform auxiliary dust pumping, so that a high-efficiency dust pumping effect is achieved.

Inventors

WANG LEI
ZENG JUNHE
CHEN JILIANG
PENG WENBIN
QIU DAIDI
CHEN YU
ZHANG KUNPENG
ZHANG KUN

Assignees

无锡庆源激光科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20230317

Claims (3)

1. A control method for precisely pumping dust of a laser cutting machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: The method comprises the steps of S1, preparing a laser cutting machine in the early stage, wherein the laser cutting machine comprises a dust extraction machine tool (1), a laser cutting head, an upper computer and a dust extraction device for extracting dust, the upper computer is used for controlling the laser cutting head to cut, the laser cutting head is arranged above the dust extraction machine tool (1), a dust accumulation groove (2) is arranged in the dust extraction machine tool (1), the dust accumulation groove (2) is divided into a plurality of dust extraction areas, one or more dust extraction assemblies (3) for extracting dust from the dust extraction areas are respectively arranged in each dust extraction area, each dust extraction assembly (3) comprises a dust extraction pipe orifice (31), a flashboard (32) rotatably arranged at the dust extraction pipe orifice (31), and a servo motor (controlled by the upper computer and used for driving the flashboard (32) to conduct opening and closing control on the dust extraction pipe orifice (31), and the dust extraction device is communicated with each dust extraction pipe orifice (31); s2, placing the cut object on a dust extraction machine tool (1) for preparing cutting; s3, starting cutting by the laser cutting head, recording XY coordinate information of the laser cutting head in real time by the upper computer, judging which dust extraction area the laser cutting head is positioned in according to the XY coordinate information of the laser cutting head, and controlling a dust extraction assembly (3) of the dust extraction area where the laser cutting head is positioned by the upper computer to fully open a gate plate (32), closing the gate plates (32) of the dust extraction assemblies (3) of other dust extraction areas or partially or fully opening the gate plates (32) of the dust extraction assemblies (3) of adjacent dust extraction areas, wherein when only one gate plate (32) is opened, the dust extraction device starts to extract dust; s4, completing dust extraction while completing laser cutting; two rows of adjacent dust extraction groups arranged along the X direction are arranged in the dust accumulation groove (2), a plurality of dust extraction areas which are arranged adjacently, have length Ly and width Lx and correspond to each other in the X direction in a one-to-one mode in the Y direction; The boundary between the single dust extraction area and the left adjacent dust extraction area is a left Y-direction adjacent line, the boundary between the single dust extraction area and the right adjacent dust extraction area is a right Y-direction adjacent line, and the boundary between the single dust extraction area and the X-direction adjacent dust extraction area is an X-direction adjacent line; the upper computer controls the calculation formula of the opening and closing angles of the flashboard (32) of the dust extraction assembly (3) in the dust extraction area adjacent to the cutting point in the X direction as follows: L 1 /Lx is 90 degrees, wherein L 1 is the distance between the cutting point and a dust extraction pipe orifice (31) in the dust extraction area where the cutting point is located in the X direction; The upper computer controls the calculation formula of the opening and closing angles of the flashboard (32) of the dust extraction assembly (3) in the adjacent dust extraction area of the right Y direction of the dust extraction area where the cutting point is positioned as follows: L 2 /L y x 90 ° (wherein L 2 is the distance between the cutting point and the left Y-direction adjacent line in the Y-direction; The upper computer controls the calculation formula of the opening and closing angles of the flashboard (32) of the dust extraction assembly (3) in the adjacent dust extraction area of the left Y direction of the dust extraction area where the cutting point is positioned as follows: L 3 /L y ×90°, where L 3 is the distance between the cutting point and the right Y-direction adjacent line in the Y-direction.
2. The method for controlling the precise dust extraction of the laser cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, when the laser cutting machine is debugged, the step S1 is carried out, the upper computer is used for adjusting the size of a dust accumulation groove (2) and the number of dust extraction nozzles (31) on the corresponding dust extraction machine tool (1) according to the model of the dust extraction machine tool (1) input on the upper computer, and dividing the interior of the dust accumulation groove (2) into a plurality of adjacent dust extraction areas according to the size of the dust accumulation groove (2) and the number of the dust extraction nozzles (31).
3. The method for controlling accurate dust extraction of a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing angles of the shutters (32) are larger as the cutting point of the laser cutting head is closer to a dust extraction nozzle (31) in an adjacent dust extraction area.

Description

Control method for precisely sucking dust of laser cutting machine Technical Field The invention relates to a control method for precisely sucking dust of a laser cutting machine. Background The laser cutting machine is a device which can emit laser beams which can reach the melting point or the boiling point of a workpiece when the laser emits the laser beams, and blow away melted or gasified metal through high-pressure gas coaxial with the laser beams so as to achieve the aim of cutting materials. The laser cutting processing replaces the traditional mechanical knife with invisible light beams, has the characteristics of high precision, rapid cutting, automatic typesetting, material saving, smooth cut, low processing cost and the like, is not limited by cutting pattern limitation, and is gradually improved or replaced by the traditional metal cutting process equipment. Although the laser cutting machine has a wide application range, when the laser cutting machine is used, a large amount of waste gas and dust are generated, and the large amount of waste gas and dust can cause certain harm to human bodies, so that the recovery of the waste gas and the dust is particularly important. In order to solve the problems, at present, people design a dust extraction mechanism on laser cutting machine equipment so as to effectively collect waste gas and dust, avoid environmental pollution and reduce occupational health risks. In the dust extraction process, the falling area of the laser cutting head for generating the scraps in the cutting process cannot be determined, so that all dust extraction components are required to be fully opened to ensure that the scraps generated in the cutting process can be extracted, however, the dust extraction mode of fully opening the laser cutting head has poor dust extraction effect due to the fact that the dust extraction range is too large, and meanwhile, the required dust extraction cost is higher due to the fact that the dust extraction components are required to be fully opened. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a control method for accurately pumping dust of a laser cutting machine, all dust pumping assemblies do not need to be opened completely to pump dust, real-time and accurate dust pumping can be carried out according to cutting positions, and the method is more economical and effective. The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is that the control method for precisely sucking dust of the laser cutting machine comprises the following steps: The method comprises the steps of S1, preparing a laser cutting machine in the early stage, wherein the laser cutting machine comprises a dust extraction machine tool, a laser cutting head, an upper computer and a dust extraction device for extracting dust, the upper computer is used for controlling the laser cutting head to cut, the laser cutting head is arranged above the dust extraction machine tool, a dust accumulation groove is arranged in the dust extraction machine tool, the dust accumulation groove is divided into a plurality of dust extraction areas, one or more dust extraction components for extracting dust from the dust extraction areas are respectively arranged in each dust extraction area, each dust extraction component comprises a dust extraction pipe orifice, a flashboard rotatably arranged at the dust extraction pipe orifice, and a servo motor controlled by the upper computer and used for driving the flashboard to open and close the dust extraction pipe orifice, and the dust extraction device is communicated with each dust extraction pipe orifice; S2, placing the object to be cut on a dust extraction machine tool for preparing cutting; S3, starting cutting by the laser cutting head, recording XY coordinate information of the laser cutting head in real time by the upper computer, judging which dust extraction area the laser cutting head is positioned in according to the XY coordinate information of the laser cutting head, and controlling a dust extraction assembly of the dust extraction area where the laser cutting head is positioned by the upper computer to completely open a gate plate; s4, the dust extraction is finished when the laser cutting is finished. Further, in the step S1, when the laser cutting machine is debugged, the steps of adjusting the size of the dust accumulation grooves and the number of dust extraction nozzles on the corresponding dust extraction machine tool according to the model of the dust extraction machine tool input on the upper computer, and dividing the dust accumulation grooves into a plurality of adjacent dust extraction areas according to the size of the dust accumulation grooves and the number of the dust extraction nozzles are carried out. Further, when the cutting point of the laser cutting head is closer to the dust extraction pipe orifice in the adjacent dust extraction area, the opening and closing angle of the flashboard is larger. Further