CN-116398391-B - Ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system and method capable of adjusting medium concentration

CN116398391BCN 116398391 BCN116398391 BCN 116398391BCN-116398391-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean energy utilization, and particularly relates to an ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system and method capable of adjusting medium concentration. The invention combines the ammonia water kalina cycle power generation technology with the heat pump heat supply technology, and the ammonia water kalina cycle power generation unit, the concentration adjusting unit and the heat pump heat supply unit are arranged to generate power by absorbing the surface layer seawater heat through the ammonia water kalina power generation unit and supply heat through the ammonia water heat pump cycle. According to the characteristic that the high-temperature surface seawater temperature fluctuates greatly along with the climate time, the valve opening and closing state of the system is adjusted according to the high-temperature surface seawater temperature change, ammonia media are controlled to enter or be led out of the kalina power generation unit respectively to change the medium concentration of the kalina circulating power generation unit, the efficient and reasonable utilization of ocean temperature difference energy is reasonably realized, the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the ocean temperature difference energy system is improved, and accordingly carbon emission and the influence on the environment are reduced.

Inventors

WANG PUYAO
CHEN LONG
HAN QINGYANG
DENG PENGYUAN

Assignees

中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20230309

Claims (7)

1. The ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system capable of adjusting the medium concentration is characterized by comprising a power generation unit (I), a concentration adjustment unit (II) and a heat supply unit (III), wherein an ammonia water kalina power generation cycle is carried out in the power generation unit (I), the concentration adjustment unit (II) is used for adjusting the ammonia concentration in an ammonia water medium in the power generation unit (I), and an ammonia water heat pump cycle is carried out in the heat supply unit (III) to realize heat supply; The power generation unit (I) comprises an A evaporator (2), a preheater (4), an A working medium circulating pump (5), an A condenser (7), a mixer (9), a generator (10), a turbine expander (11), a separator (22) and a surface sea water temperature measuring instrument (23), wherein the generator (10) is connected with the turbine expander (11), the inputs of the turbine expander (11), the mixer (9), the A condenser (7), the A working medium circulating pump (5), the preheater (4), the A evaporator (2) and the separator (22) are sequentially connected through pipelines, the preheater (4) is provided with two inputs and an output, a first input end of the preheater (4) is connected with the A working medium circulating pump (5) through a pipeline, a first output end is connected with the A evaporator (2) through a pipeline, an output end of the separator (22) is respectively connected with a second input end of the preheater (4) and an input end of the turbine expander (11) through pipelines, the second output end of the preheater (4) is connected with the mixer (9) through a pipeline, the A evaporator (2) is provided with a surface sea water inlet end (1) and a surface sea water discharge end (3), the surface sea water temperature measuring instrument (23) is arranged at the surface sea water inlet end (1), and the A condenser (7) is provided with a deep sea water inlet end (6) and a deep sea water discharge end (8); The concentration regulating unit (II) comprises an A valve (12), a pressure stabilizing tank (13), a gas compressor (20) and a B valve (21), the heating unit (III) comprises a throttle valve (14), a B condenser (16), a B working medium circulating pump (18) and a B evaporator (19), the throttle valve (14), the B condenser (16), the B working medium circulating pump (18) and the B evaporator (19) are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a circulating loop, the B condenser (16) is provided with a heating medium inlet end (15) and a hot end (17), the pressure stabilizing tank (13), the gas compressor (20) and the B evaporator (19) are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a circulating loop, one ends of the A valve (12) and the B valve (21) are connected to a pipeline between a separator (22) and a turbine expander (11), the other end of the A valve (12) is connected to a pipeline between the B evaporator (19) and the pressure stabilizing tank (13) through a pipeline, and the other end of the B valve (21) is connected to the gas compressor (19) between the gas compressor (20) and the B evaporator (19) through a pipeline.
2. The ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system with adjustable medium concentration of claim 1, wherein the high temperature surface sea water temperature range entering from the surface sea water inlet end (1) is [15 ℃ and 40 ℃.
3. The ocean thermal energy cogeneration system of claim 1 wherein the low temperature deep sea water temperature range that enters from the deep sea water intake end (6) is 2 ℃ and 10 ℃.
4. A system for cogeneration of ocean temperature differential energy with adjustable media concentration of claim 1 wherein said separator (22) is a cyclone separator.
5. The ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system with the adjustable medium concentration according to claim 1, wherein the surface sea water temperature measuring instrument (23) adopts a temperature sensor with the measuring range of-10-50 ℃ and the precision level of 1%.
6. The ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system with adjustable medium concentration according to claim 4, wherein the heating medium at the heating medium inlet end (15) of the heating unit (III) is liquid water.
7. The ocean thermoelectric cogeneration method capable of adjusting the concentration of a medium based on claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: In the power generation unit (I), ammonia water sequentially enters a preheater (4) and an A evaporator (2) under the pressurization of an A working medium circulating pump (5), the ammonia water absorbs the high-temperature seawater heat quantity of a surface layer in the A evaporator (2) and becomes a mixture of ammonia-rich steam and water-rich ammonia solution, and then enters a separator (22), the separator (22) sends the ammonia-rich steam into a turbine expander (11), the turbine expander (11) drives a generator (10) to generate power, meanwhile, the separator (22) sends the high-temperature water-rich ammonia solution into the preheater (4) to preheat the ammonia water, and the low-temperature low-pressure ammonia-rich steam after acting in the turbine expander (11) and the water-rich ammonia solution of the preheater (4) are converged in the mixer (9) to flow stably and then enter an A ammonia water condenser (7) to be condensed into a solution by the deep seawater, and then flows back to the A working medium circulating pump (5) to complete the ammonia water kalina power generation cycle; In the concentration adjusting unit (II), the opening and closing states of the valve A (12) and the valve B (21) are adjusted according to the measurement result of the surface sea water temperature measuring instrument (23); when the temperature of the surface seawater is higher than 28 ℃, the heat of the surface seawater is sufficient, the part of the surface seawater is led out to be high Wen Anqi for heating in the power generation unit (I), at the moment, the valve A (12) is opened and the valve B (21) is closed, so that the ammonia gas is led to a pipeline in front of a pressure stabilizing tank (13) in the concentration regulating unit (II) through a pipeline before entering the turbine expander (11), and simultaneously, the compressor (20) and the working medium B circulating pump (18) are started to enable the power generation unit (I) and the heating unit (III) to start working simultaneously; In the heat supply unit (III), ammonia water exchanges heat with a high Wen Anqi led out from the power generation unit (I) in the B evaporator (19), and then enters the B working medium circulating pump (18) to be converted into high-temperature high-pressure gaseous ammonia, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous ammonia enters the B condenser (16) to exchange heat with a heat supply medium, after the heat exchange, the heat supply medium absorbs the heat of the gaseous ammonia to flow into the hot end (17) for heat supply, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous ammonia is converted into low-temperature liquid ammonia in the B condenser (16) to flow into the throttle valve (14) to be converted into low-temperature low-pressure liquid ammonia, and then flows back to the B evaporator (19), so that the ammonia water heat pump circulation is completed, and the heat supply is realized; When the temperature of the surface seawater is lower than 22 ℃, the heat of the surface seawater is insufficient, the ammonia concentration in an ammonia water medium of the power generation unit (I) needs to be increased, at the moment, the valve A (12) is closed, the valve B (21) is opened, the gas compressor (20) is started to enable ammonia to flow from the gas compressor (20) of the concentration adjustment unit (II) to a pipeline behind the separator (22) in the power generation unit (I), and the ammonia concentration in the ammonia water medium of the power generation unit (I) is increased to ensure that the power generation power of the power generation unit (I) meets the electricity consumption requirement of a user; When the temperature of the surface sea water is 22-28 ℃, the valve A and the valve B are closed, only the power generation unit (I) works, and the concentration adjusting unit (II) and the heat supply unit (III) do not work.

Description

Ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system and method capable of adjusting medium concentration Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean energy utilization, and particularly relates to an ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system and method capable of adjusting medium concentration. Background Ocean thermal energy refers to ocean thermal energy stored in the form of a temperature differential between surface sea water and deep sea water. At present, the main technical means for recycling the ocean temperature difference energy to generate electric energy is a kalina cycle, and the kalina cycle uses an ammonia water mixture as a circulating working medium to convert the ocean temperature difference energy into electric energy. The circulating mode is mature in land application, but because the temperature of the seawater fluctuates greatly along with the change of weather in the morning and evening, the thermodynamic parameters of the system frequently fluctuate, and the improvement of the utilization efficiency of ocean temperature difference energy is a difficult problem. The independent ammonia water kalina cycle power generation efficiency is only about 5%, and the kalina cycle power generation efficiency is closely related to the temperature of the surface seawater and the ammonia water density of a circulating medium. The power generation efficiency of the kalina cycle can be improved by the rising of the temperature of the surface seawater or the increasing of the density of the ammonia water as a circulating medium. When the sea level sea water temperature is higher, the rated electricity demand can be met by the lower circulating medium ammonia water density, when the surface sea water temperature is higher than 28 ℃, part of gaseous ammonia in the kalina power generation cycle can be led out to serve as a heat source of the heat pump cycle, and the heat and electricity cogeneration of ocean temperature difference energy is realized by combining the kalina cycle with the heat pump cycle, so that the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the ocean temperature difference energy is improved. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a marine thermoelectric energy cogeneration system capable of adjusting medium concentration. The ocean temperature difference energy cogeneration system with the adjustable medium concentration comprises a power generation unit, a concentration adjustment unit and a heat supply unit, wherein ammonia water kalina power generation circulation is carried out in the power generation unit, the concentration adjustment unit is used for adjusting the ammonia concentration in an ammonia water medium in the power generation unit, and ammonia water heat pump circulation is carried out in the heat supply unit to realize heat supply. The power generation unit comprises an A evaporator, a preheater, an A working medium circulating pump, an A condenser, a mixer, a generator, a turboexpander, a separator and a surface sea water temperature measuring instrument, wherein the generator is connected with the turboexpander, the inputs of the turboexpander, the mixer, the A condenser, the A working medium circulating pump, the preheater, the A evaporator and the separator are sequentially connected through pipelines, the preheater is provided with two inputs and an output, a first input of the preheater is connected with the A working medium circulating pump through a pipeline, a first output of the preheater is connected with the A evaporator through a pipeline, an output of the separator is respectively connected with a second input of the preheater and an input of the turboexpander through a pipeline, the second output of the preheater is connected with the mixer through a pipeline, the A evaporator is provided with a surface sea water inlet and a surface sea water outlet, the surface sea water temperature measuring instrument is arranged at the surface sea water inlet, and the A condenser is provided with a deep sea water inlet and a deep sea water outlet. Further, the temperature range of the high-temperature surface seawater entering from the surface seawater inlet end is [15 ℃ and 40 ]. Further, the temperature range of the low-temperature deep seawater entering from the deep seawater inlet end is [2 ℃ and 10 ℃. Further, the separator adopts a cyclone separator. Further, the surface sea water temperature measuring instrument adopts a temperature sensor with the measuring range of-10-50 ℃ and the precision grade of 1%. The concentration regulating unit comprises an A valve, a pressure stabilizing tank, a gas compressor and a B valve, the heat supply unit comprises a throttle valve, a B condenser, a B working medium circulating pump and a B evaporator, the throttle valve, the B condenser, the B working medium circulating pump and the B evaporator are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a circulating loop, t