CN-116413792-B - Method and device for discriminating knee fold and fault

CN116413792BCN 116413792 BCN116413792 BCN 116413792BCN-116413792-B

Abstract

The invention provides a knee fracture and fault judging method and device, which comprise the steps of obtaining seismic data of a target area, obtaining a seismic profile based on the seismic data, wherein the seismic profile comprises folds formed by multiple strata, determining template strata and multiple continuation lines in the multiple strata, wherein the template strata are continuous and unbroken wave crest strong reflection layers, determining multiple continuation layers in the seismic profile based on the template strata and the multiple continuation lines, and outputting judging results based on the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group and the geometric characteristics of each continuation layer. The method for discriminating the knee fold and the faults directly utilizes the seismic data to accurately judge that the extrusion structural band in the oil and gas exploration process is the knee fold structure, the high-angle reverse-flushing fault or the adjustment fault, can ensure the accuracy of seismic exploration, has important guiding function on the deployment of oil and gas exploration, development and drilling, and improves the success rate of oil and gas exploration, drilling.

Inventors

LIANG HAN
RAN QI
CHEN KANG
XI CHENG
HAN SONG
ZHANG CHEN

Assignees

中国石油天然气股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20211231

Claims (6)

1. A method for discriminating knee folds and faults, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Acquiring seismic data of a target area, wherein the seismic data comprises geometric characteristics of a seismic wave group; Obtaining a seismic profile based on the seismic data, the seismic profile comprising folds made of multiple layers of strata; determining a template stratum and a plurality of continuation lines in a multi-layer stratum, wherein the template stratum is a continuous and unbroken wave crest strong reflection layer; determining a multi-layered continuation in the seismic profile based on the template formation and the plurality of continuation lines, comprising: Extending upwards in the seismic section according to preset intervals on the basis of the template stratum and each extension line to obtain a continuous multilayer upper extension layer; Based on the template stratum and each extension line, extending downwards in the seismic section according to preset intervals to obtain a continuous multilayer lower extension layer; Outputting a determination result based on the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group and the geometric characteristics of each extension layer, including: if the geometric characteristics of each upper extension layer and the geometric characteristics of each lower extension layer are consistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group, determining that the folds are complete knee folds; If the geometric characteristics of each upper extension layer and the geometric characteristics of each lower extension layer are inconsistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group, determining that the folds are high-angle reverse faults; If the geometric characteristics of the upper extension layer and/or the geometric characteristics of the lower extension layer are consistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group, determining the fold areas corresponding to the upper extension layer and/or the lower extension layer consistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group as knee folds, and determining the fold areas corresponding to the upper extension layer and/or the lower extension layer inconsistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group as development adjustment faults.
2. The method for discriminating between knee fracture and fault according to claim 1, wherein the determining a template stratum and a plurality of continuation lines in the multi-layer stratum, the template stratum being a continuous unbroken peak strong reflection layer comprises: determining an inclination angle abrupt change point of the template stratum as an axis point, wherein the inclination angle abrupt change point is a maximum deformation point of the wrinkle inclination angle; each axial point generates a continuation line, and each continuation line is an angular bisector of an included angle corresponding to the multi-layer stratum.
3. The method for discriminating between knee fold and fault according to claim 2 wherein the angular deviation of the inclination angle of the portion of the template stratum between the corresponding two continuation lines is smaller than a preset angular deviation.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the portion of each extension layer between the two corresponding extension lines is the same as the inclination angle of the corresponding portion of the template layer between the two extension lines.
5. A device for discriminating knee fold and fault, comprising: the acquisition module acquires seismic data of a target area, wherein the seismic data comprises geometric characteristics of a seismic wave group; A first determination module that obtains a seismic profile based on the seismic data, the seismic profile including folds made of multiple layers of formations; the second determining module is used for determining a template stratum and a plurality of extension lines in the multi-layer stratum, wherein the template stratum is a continuous and unbroken wave crest strong reflection layer; A third determination module that determines a multi-layered continuation layer in the seismic profile based on the template formation and the plurality of continuation lines, comprising: Extending upwards in the seismic section according to preset intervals on the basis of the template stratum and each extension line to obtain a continuous multilayer upper extension layer; Based on the template stratum and each extension line, extending downwards in the seismic section according to preset intervals to obtain a continuous multilayer lower extension layer; the judging and outputting module outputs judging results based on the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group and the geometric characteristics of each continuation layer, and the judging and outputting module comprises: determining that the fold is a complete knee fold if the geometric characteristics of each upper extension layer and the geometric characteristics of each lower extension layer are consistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group; Under the condition that the geometric characteristics of each upper extension layer and the geometric characteristics of each lower extension layer are inconsistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group, determining that the folds are high-angle reverse faults; And under the condition that the geometric characteristics of the upper extension layer and/or the geometric characteristics of the lower extension layer are consistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group, determining the fold areas corresponding to the upper extension layer and/or the lower extension layer consistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group as knee folds, and determining the fold areas corresponding to the upper extension layer and/or the lower extension layer inconsistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group as development regulating faults.
6. A machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a machine to perform the knee fold and fault discrimination method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

Description

Method and device for discriminating knee fold and fault Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of geological fault discrimination, in particular to a knee fracture and fault discrimination method and a knee fracture and fault discrimination device. Background The extrusion structural band is an important oil-gas structural trap, but the extrusion structural band has low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic imaging, and can not judge the relation among knee fracture structure, high-angle backflushing fault and adjustment fault and the respective accurate development position, so the relation is often and simply interpreted as a high-angle backflushing fault. However, for the exploration and development of petroleum and natural gas, the differences of knee fracture structure, high-angle reverse-flushing fault and adjustment fault have important influence on the hydrocarbon trapping condition, and the three structure types have key effects on whether reservoirs between anticlines and adjacent synclines have plugging property or not, but how to accurately judge knee fracture or fault is always the difficulty and the key point of hydrocarbon exploration. And the underground structural deformation can not directly identify whether the knee fracture or the fault is formed, the prediction and the judgment can be carried out only through the logging data, and the knee fracture structure, the high-angle reverse-flushing fault and the fault adjustment can not be accurately judged in a large number of working areas without the logging data. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method and a device for discriminating knee fracture and faults, which at least solve the problems that the knee fracture structure, the high-angle backflushing faults and the fault adjustment cannot be accurately discriminated in a large number of working areas without logging data. In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for discriminating knee fold and fault, including: Acquiring seismic data of a target area, wherein the seismic data comprises geometric characteristics of a seismic wave group; Obtaining a seismic profile based on the seismic data, the seismic profile comprising folds made of multiple layers of strata; determining a template stratum and a plurality of continuation lines in a multi-layer stratum, wherein the template stratum is a continuous and unbroken wave crest strong reflection layer; determining a plurality of extension layers in the seismic profile based on the template formation and the plurality of extension lines; And outputting a judging result based on the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group and the geometric characteristics of each extension layer. Optionally, determining a template stratum and a plurality of extension lines in the multi-layer stratum, where the template stratum is a continuous unbroken peak strong reflection layer, and includes: determining an inclination angle abrupt change point of the template stratum as an axis point, wherein the inclination angle abrupt change point is a maximum deformation point of the wrinkle inclination angle; each axial point generates a continuation line, and each continuation line is an angular bisector of an included angle corresponding to the multi-layer stratum. Optionally, the angular deviation of the inclination angle of the template stratum at the position between the two corresponding continuation lines is smaller than the preset angular deviation. Optionally, the inclination angle of the portion of each extension layer located between the two corresponding extension lines is the same as the inclination angle of the corresponding portion of the template stratum between the two extension lines. Optionally, the determining a multi-layer extension layer in the seismic profile based on the template stratum and the plurality of extension lines includes: Extending upwards in the seismic section according to preset intervals on the basis of the template stratum and each extension line to obtain a continuous multilayer upper extension layer; And extending downwards in the seismic section according to preset intervals based on the template stratum and each extension line to obtain a continuous multilayer lower extension layer. Optionally, the outputting the determination result based on the geometric characteristic of the seismic wave group and the geometric characteristic of each extension layer includes: if the geometric characteristics of each upper extension layer and the geometric characteristics of each lower extension layer are consistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group, determining that the folds are complete knee folds; If the geometric characteristics of each upper extension layer and the geometric characteristics of each lower extension layer are inconsistent with the geometric characteristics of the seismic wave group, deter