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CN-116444757-B - Polyurethane material for buffer protection of power battery, and preparation method and application thereof

CN116444757BCN 116444757 BCN116444757 BCN 116444757BCN-116444757-B

Abstract

The invention provides a polyurethane material for buffering protection of a power battery, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the polyurethane material comprises a component A and a component B, the component A comprises a combination of specific parts of aliphatic polyoxypropylene polyol, styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol, aromatic amine polyol, a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and a foaming agent, the component B comprises a combination of specific parts of diphenylmethane polyisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyoxypropylene ether glycol, and the three polyols of the aliphatic polyoxypropylene polyol, the styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol and the aromatic amine polyol are selected for compounding and matched with specific auxiliary agents, so that the prepared polyurethane material can meet specific compression curve requirements and has excellent comprehensive performance.

Inventors

  • HAN WEN
  • SHENG XINGFENG
  • ZHANG LIHAI
  • DING KEYONG
  • DAI SHENG
  • TANG JINSONG

Assignees

  • 上海华峰新材料研发科技有限公司
  • 浙江华峰新材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20230420

Claims (20)

  1. 1. A polyurethane material for buffering protection of a power battery, which is characterized by comprising an A component and a B component; The component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts by weight of aliphatic polyoxypropylene polyol 5-10 Parts by weight of styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol 5-10 Parts by weight of aromatic amine polyol 3-10 Parts by weight of a crosslinking agent 1.2-2 Parts by weight of a catalyst 2-8 Parts by weight of a foaming agent; The component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts by weight of a diphenylmethane polyisocyanate 30-40 Parts by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate 10-20 Parts by weight of polyoxypropylene ether glycol; the aromatic amine polyol is a Mannich aromatic amine polyol.
  2. 2. The polyurethane material according to claim 1, wherein the hydroxyl value of the aliphatic polyoxypropylene polyol is 300-1000 mg KOH/g.
  3. 3. The polyurethane material according to claim 1, wherein the functionality of the aliphatic polyoxypropylene polyol is not less than 3.
  4. 4. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol has a hydroxyl number of 20 to 40 mg KOH/g.
  5. 5. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol is a PO-EO copolyether triol based styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol.
  6. 6. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol has a solids content of 20 to 50%.
  7. 7. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the aromatic amine polyol has a hydroxyl number of 300 to 1000 mg KOH/g.
  8. 8. The polyurethane material according to claim 1, wherein the functionality of the crosslinking agent is not less than 3.
  9. 9. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises a small molecule alcohol or a small molecule amine.
  10. 10. The polyurethane material of claim 9, wherein the small molecule alcohol comprises any one or a combination of at least two of glycerol, trimethylolpropane, or pentaerythritol.
  11. 11. The polyurethane material of claim 9, wherein the small molecule amine comprises any one or a combination of at least two of triethanolamine, diethanolamine, or triisopropanolamine.
  12. 12. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the blowing agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of cyclopentane, hydrofluorocarbon, 1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, or water.
  13. 13. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises a reactive amine catalyst.
  14. 14. The polyurethane material of claim 1, wherein the a-component further comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a plasticizer, a flame retardant, or a foam stabilizer.
  15. 15. The polyurethane material according to claim 14, wherein the plasticizer in the component a is contained in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by weight.
  16. 16. The polyurethane material of claim 14, wherein the plasticizer is an ester plasticizer.
  17. 17. The polyurethane material of claim 16, wherein the ester plasticizer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of trioctyl trimellitate, tributyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, or 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate.
  18. 18. The polyurethane material according to claim 14, wherein the content of the flame retardant in the component a is 15 to 30 parts by weight.
  19. 19. The polyurethane material of claim 14, wherein the flame retardant comprises a haloalkyl phosphate flame retardant and/or a haloalkylpolyphosphate flame retardant.
  20. 20. The polyurethane material of claim 19, wherein the flame retardant is a combination of a haloalkyl phosphate flame retardant and a haloalkylpolyphosphate flame retardant.

Description

Polyurethane material for buffer protection of power battery, and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of polyurethane materials, and particularly relates to a polyurethane material for buffer protection of a power battery, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background With the increasing demand for power cells in recent years, research into power cells has been increasing. The power battery pack is generally positioned at the bottom of the vehicle and is close to the road surface, so that the power battery pack is easy to be subjected to external impact or mechanical damage, and higher requirements are put on the safety of the power battery pack. Currently, as a buffer protection material of a power battery pack, an elastomer material such as ethylene propylene diene monomer is mainly used. The invention discloses a thermal protection material for a lithium ion battery, which comprises, by weight, 100 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 20-70 parts of white carbon black, 550-10 parts of KH, 0.5-10 parts of peroxide vulcanizing agent, 2-8 parts of anti-aging agent, 0.2-5 parts of accelerator, 5-15 parts of boron nitride nanoparticle, 15-40 parts of silica aerogel, 20-80 parts of ceramic filler, and the preparation method of the thermal protection material comprises the steps of mixing, molding, microwave vulcanization and the like. The heat protection material provided by the invention has the advantages that the density is high, the fluidity and the flame retardance requirements cannot be met at the same time, the production cost is high, the module light weight standard is low, the design requirements of the cell module on the strength are not met, the requirements of light weight, specific compression buffer performance, flame retardance, low cost, heat insulation, ageing resistance, temperature impact resistance, acid and alkali resistance, low water absorption rate, low smell and the like cannot be met at the same time, in addition, as a battery buffer pad in a battery module, the pretightening force requirement in the battery module is realized through proper reaction force generated by compression, the expansion force generated during the use of the battery module can be effectively relieved, and the requirement on the compression performance of the material is high. Therefore, development of a polyurethane material which satisfies specific compression curve requirements and has excellent overall properties has been desired. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a polyurethane material for buffering and protecting a power battery, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein a specific component A and a specific component B are selected for matching, so that the obtained polyurethane material can meet specific compression curve requirements, and also has excellent comprehensive performance, and meanwhile, a battery buffer pad prepared from the polyurethane material can release compression space in a gradient way under the action of different extrusion forces, thereby not only meeting the requirement of the battery module on pretightening force during assembly, but also effectively relieving the expansion force generated during use of the battery module. To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a polyurethane material for power battery buffer protection, the polyurethane material comprising an a-component and a B-component; The component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: The component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts by weight of a diphenylmethane polyisocyanate 30-40 Parts by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate 10-20 Parts of polyoxypropylene ether glycol. Wherein the aliphatic polyoxypropylene polyol may be 31 parts by weight, 32 parts by weight, 33 parts by weight, 34 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 36 parts by weight, 37 parts by weight, 38 parts by weight, 39 parts by weight, or the like. The styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyol may be 5.5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 6.5 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 7.5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 8.5 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 9.5 parts by weight, or the like. The aromatic amine polyol may be 5.5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 6.5 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 7.5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 8.5 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 9.5 parts by weight, or the like. The crosslinking agent may be 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, or the like. The catalyst may be 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.7 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, or the like. The foaming ag