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CN-116448740-B - Shutter target device for observing thermal point of energetic powder under impact action

CN116448740BCN 116448740 BCN116448740 BCN 116448740BCN-116448740-B

Abstract

Aiming at the observation requirement of the explosion mechanism research of explosive, the patent provides a specific target device for observing the impact energy-containing powder luminous process, the thickness of a powder sample is selected, the change of the thickness of different sapphire windows is combined, the time of a radiation observation window is precisely controlled, the impact sapphire damage is adopted to drive the corresponding optical fiber head to be damaged, and the optical channel is closed at a specific time point, so that the effect similar to a camera shutter is finally achieved; the device can be used for accurately observing the hot spot development process of the energetic powder, and the implementation effect shows that the device can meet the observation requirement of the detonation mechanism of the explosive powder.

Inventors

  • ZHANG DAIYU
  • Nie Qunpeng
  • QIAO ZHIQIANG
  • ZHANG MINGJIAN
  • YANG GUANGCHENG

Assignees

  • 西南科技大学
  • 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20230504

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The shutter target device for observation is characterized by comprising a sample bin (100), a bin body through cavity (110), a substrate (200), an outer die (300), at least two outer die through holes (310), an energy-containing powder sheet (10), at least two inner die (400), at least two inner die through holes (410) and at least two sapphire sheets (500) and at least two outer die fixing pieces (600) and at least two inner die through holes (410) respectively, and at least two outer die through holes (310) respectively, and used for fixing an optical fiber probe (700), wherein the end part of the optical fiber probe (700) is adjacent to the sapphire sheets (500) and can be damaged by impact and/or high temperature transmission so as to cause the optical signal transmission to be interrupted, one inner die (400) is provided with at least one inner die through hole (410), at most one sapphire sheet (500) and one optical fiber probe fixing piece (600) are arranged in any inner die through hole (410), and a plurality of outer die through holes (310) are uniformly distributed by taking the center of the outer die (300) as a symmetrical center.
  2. 2. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing cover (800), wherein the fixing cover (800) is configured to abut against and fix the outer die piece (300) and the inner die piece (400) after the fixing cover (800) is connected to the sample chamber (100), and the fixing cover (800) has a cover through hole (810), and the cover through hole (810) is configured to allow the optical fiber probe (700) to pass therethrough.
  3. 3. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 2, wherein a lid body connecting portion (120) is provided at an end of the sample chamber (100) remote from the substrate (200), a chamber body connecting portion (820) is provided at an end of the fixed lid (800), and the fixed lid (800) is connected to the sample chamber (100) by fitting the lid body connecting portion (120) and the chamber body connecting portion (820).
  4. 4. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber probe holder (600) has a holder through hole (610), and the holder through hole (610) is used for penetrating and fixing the optical fiber probe (700).
  5. 5. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 4, wherein an inner wall of the fixture through-hole (610) near one end of the substrate (200) has an outer expansion portion (620), and an inner diameter of the outer expansion portion (620) gradually expands from inside to outside of the fixture through-hole (610).
  6. 6. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 1, wherein an end portion of the fiber optic probe (700) is immersed in bromoform.
  7. 7. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 1, wherein an air cannon connecting portion is further provided at an end of the sample chamber (100) away from the mounting position of the fixed cover (800), and an air cannon chamber of the air cannon connecting portion is communicable with the chamber (110) of the chamber body.
  8. 8. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 7, wherein the substrate (200) is located between an air cannon chamber and a chamber through (110).
  9. 9. The shutter target device for observation according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber probe (700) is further connected to a radiation pyrometer, wherein any of the optical fiber probes (700) has a plurality of radiation channels, and wherein the substrate (200) is an oxygen-free copper substrate.

Description

Shutter target device for observing thermal point of energetic powder under impact action Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of detonation mechanism research of explosive materials under the impact action in detonation physics, and particularly relates to a shutter target device for observing the heat point of energetic powder under the impact action. Background With the development of weapon systems and the need for high-tech warfare, insensitive ammunition becomes a development trend of ammunition in various countries of the world, and the development of high-energy low-sensitivity explosives is a key technology for realizing insensitive ammunition. But the deep understanding of the detonation mechanism of the explosive material is a foundation for improving the safety and reliability of the explosive and the detonation efficiency of the explosive. Experiments and theoretical researches in the past show that when the explosive is acted by shock waves with certain intensity, local high-temperature hot spots are formed in the explosive, the temperatures of the hot spots are far higher than those of the explosive body materials, the hot spots can ignite the surrounding body materials, severe combustion is caused to form detonation waves, and finally the explosive is detonated. The initiation mechanism of the explosive is mainly related to the theory of hot spots generated by impact, which is an important and complex theory, and a great number of theories and experiments research the hot spot formation mechanism and propose related models, wherein a void impact collapse model is widely applied, and the void impact collapse model refers to that when impact waves interact with voids in the explosive, the voids are compressed and collapse, and the surface materials of the voids are splashed, so that energy is accumulated at the positions of the voids to form high-temperature hot spots. Under the action of different impact strengths, the development of hot spots generally shows two trends, namely, under the condition of low impact strength, energy is gathered in gaps to form hot spots, under the action of shock waves, the number of the hot spots can be increased along with time, and the schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1, but due to insufficient impact energy, the hot spots can be extinguished finally. Under the high impact strength, after the hot spot is formed, the explosive powder is subjected to thermochemical reaction in a short time, a large amount of energy is released, the energy is gathered to cause the hot spot to generate gathering behavior so as to achieve detonation to form detonation wave, under the combined action of the shock wave and the detonation wave, the formed energy crosses over a potential barrier to quickly heat the surface of the explosive adjacent to the detonation wave and realize spontaneous ignition so as to generate a detonation phenomenon, fig. 2 shows the dynamic process from the formation of the hot spot of the energetic powder material under the impact of the flyer to the detonation, a is the moment when the flyer does not reach a powder sample, b is the moment when the flyer does not reach the powder sample, local hot spot with high color temperature but small emission volume fraction is generated by short time impact, most of hot spots disappear but a few hot spots are increased as shown in c after the impact is relieved, and the whole sample is densified under the impact and environmental pressure, and can be ignited by the continuously increased hot spot so as to generate the detonation, as shown in fig. d. For explosive powder, the generation and development states of hot spots are critical, which is helpful for determining detonation conditions and efficiency, but visual observation of the generation and development phenomena of the hot spots is difficult, when materials explode, the observation window time of the hot spots is short, the development is quick, tiny transient hot spots are difficult to observe, the existence and behavior of the hot spots are inferred according to simulation results to a great extent, no experimental method is used for observing the formation and development of the hot spots of the explosive under the action of impact, and no effective technical means exists for searching under what conditions the generation of the detonation phenomena is. According to classical heat radiation theory, when the temperature of the surface of the impact powder is uniform, a blackbody or ash model can be used for describing the heat radiation characteristics of the surface of the impact powder material, and the emitted spectrum brightness is described by a Planck formula: (1) Wherein C 1 and C 2 are first and second emissivity, lambda is wavelength, T is temperature, epsilon is gray body emissivity, which is a positive value less than 1, and epsilon is a blackbody model if epsilon is equal to 1. When epsilon is smaller than 1, the radiation ener