CN-116454611-B - Phased array antenna with perforations and enhanced antenna elements

CN116454611BCN 116454611 BCN116454611 BCN 116454611BCN-116454611-B

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to phased antenna arrays with perforations and enhanced antenna elements. Systems, apparatuses, and methods related to antenna elements with perforations and enhancements are provided. An example patch antenna structure includes a first conductive patch on a first layer of the structure, wherein the first conductive patch includes one or more perforations at a periphery of a first side of the first conductive patch and one or more extended conductive portions at a second side of the first conductive patch, the second side opposite the first side, a ground plane on a ground layer of the structure, the ground layer being spaced apart from the first layer, and a first signal feed for coupling signals to the first conductive patch. In one example, a single one of the one or more extended conductive portions may compensate for a radiation pattern associated with a corresponding one of the one or more perforations.

Inventors

A. A. Sarkel
I.A. Ashra

Assignees

亚德诺半导体国际无限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230106
Priority Date: 20221219

Claims (20)

1. A patch antenna structure, comprising: A first conductive patch on a first layer of the patch antenna structure, wherein the first conductive patch comprises: One or more perforations at the periphery of the first side of the first conductive patch, and One or more extending conductive portions at a second side of the first conductive patch, the second side opposite the first side; a ground plane on a ground plane of the patch antenna structure, the ground plane being spaced apart from the first layer; A first signal feed for coupling a signal to the first conductive patch, and A second signal feed for coupling another signal to the first conductive patch, wherein the first signal feed is associated with a first polarization, and wherein the second signal feed is associated with a second polarization different from the first polarization.
2. The patch antenna structure of claim 1, wherein each of the one or more perforations has a corresponding one of the one or more extended conductive portions.
3. The patch antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a location of a first perforation of the one or more perforations is symmetrical with a location of a corresponding one of the one or more extended conductive portions at a central axis of the first conductive patch, the central axis extending from a third side of the first conductive patch to a fourth side, the third side opposite the fourth side and adjacent the first side and the second side.
4. The patch antenna structure of claim 1, wherein an area of a first one of the one or more extended conductive portions is based on an area of a corresponding one of the one or more perforations.
5. The patch antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a first one of the one or more extended conductive portions compensates for a radiation pattern associated with a corresponding one of the one or more perforations.
6. The patch antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising: a second conductive patch on a second layer of the patch antenna structure, the second layer being located between the first layer and the ground layer and being separated from the first layer by a dielectric material.
7. The patch antenna structure of claim 6, wherein the first signal feed is electrically coupled to the first conductive patch and capacitively coupled to the second conductive patch.
8. The patch antenna structure of claim 6, wherein the first signal feed is electrically coupled to the second conductive patch and capacitively coupled to the first conductive patch.
9. The patch antenna structure of claim 8, wherein the first conductive patch and the second conductive patch are radiating elements, and wherein the patch antenna structure is configured to wirelessly transmit radio frequency signals.
10. The patch antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of shielding vias, wherein: The first signal feed includes an excitation via; The plurality of shielding vias surrounding the excitation via to provide isolation, and A first of the one or more perforations accommodates a first of the plurality of shielding vias.
11. The patch antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a first perforation of the one or more perforations accommodates a shielded via and is proximate to the first signal feed.
12. A patch antenna structure, comprising: A first conductive patch on a first layer of the patch antenna structure, wherein the first conductive patch comprises: one or more plated holes at the periphery of the first side of the first conductive patch, and One or more cut-out regions at a second side of the first conductive patch, the second side opposite the first side; a ground plane on a ground plane of the patch antenna structure, the ground plane being spaced apart from the first layer; A first signal feed for coupling a signal to the first conductive patch, and A second signal feed for coupling another signal to the first conductive patch, wherein the first signal feed is associated with a first polarization, and wherein the second signal feed is associated with a second polarization different from the first polarization.
13. The patch antenna structure of claim 12, wherein each of the one or more plated holes has a corresponding one of the one or more cut-out regions.
14. The patch antenna structure of claim 12, wherein a location of a first cut-out of the one or more cut-out regions is symmetrical with a location of a corresponding one of the one or more plated holes at a central axis of the first conductive patch, the central axis extending from a third side of the first conductive patch to a fourth side, the third side opposite the fourth side and adjacent the first side and the second side.
15. The patch antenna structure of claim 12, further comprising: A second conductive patch on a second layer of the patch antenna structure, the second layer being located between the first layer and the ground layer and being separated from the first layer by a dielectric material, Wherein the first signal feed is electrically coupled to one of the first conductive patch or the second conductive patch and capacitively coupled to the other of the first conductive patch or the second conductive patch.
16. The patch antenna structure of claim 12, further comprising a plurality of shielding vias, wherein: The first signal feed includes an excitation via; The plurality of shielding vias surrounding the excitation via to provide isolation, and A first plated hole of the one or more plated holes accommodates a first shielded via of the plurality of shielded vias.
17. The patch antenna structure of claim 12, wherein a first plated hole of the one or more plated holes accommodates a shielded via and is proximate the first signal feed.
18. An antenna array apparatus comprising: a plurality of antenna elements, wherein a first antenna element of the plurality of antenna elements comprises: a first conductive patch comprising: One or more perforations at the periphery of the first side of the first conductive patch, and One or more extending conductive portions at a second side of the first conductive patch, the second side opposite the first side; A ground plane vertically below and spaced apart from the first conductive patch; a first signal feed coupled to the first conductive patch, and A second signal feed for coupling another signal to the first conductive patch, wherein the first signal feed is associated with a first polarization, and wherein the second signal feed is associated with a second polarization different from the first polarization, and A beamformer circuit coupled to one or more of the plurality of antenna elements, wherein the beamformer circuit comprises a plurality of beamformer channels, wherein a first beamformer channel of the plurality of beamformer channels is coupled to the first signal feed.
19. The antenna array apparatus of claim 18, wherein: The first antenna element further comprises: A second conductive patch located between the first conductive patch and the ground plane and spaced apart from the first conductive patch by a dielectric material, and The first signal feed is electrically coupled to one of the first conductive patch or the second conductive patch and capacitively coupled to the other of the first conductive patch or the second conductive patch.
20. The antenna array apparatus of claim 18 wherein the plurality of beamformer channels comprises a second beamformer channel, and wherein a plurality of shielded vias provide isolation between the first signal feed and another signal feed associated with the second beamformer channel.

Description

Phased array antenna with perforations and enhanced antenna elements Cross Reference to Related Applications The present application claims the priority and benefit of U.S. provisional patent application titled "perforated and enlarged antenna element for wide scan range phased array multi-channel beamformer feed," filed on 7,1, 2022 (number: 63/297355), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, as if set forth below, for all applicable purposes. Technical Field The present disclosure relates generally to electronics, and more particularly to antennas for use in Radio Frequency (RF) systems. Background An RF system is a system that transmits and receives signals in the form of electromagnetic waves, with frequencies ranging from about 3 kilohertz (kHz) to 300 kilohertz (GHz). RF systems are commonly used for wireless communications, cellular/wireless mobile technology being a prominent example. In the context of RF systems, an antenna is a device that acts as an interface between radio waves propagating wirelessly through space and currents moving in metallic conductors used by transmitters or receivers. During transmission, the radio transmitter supplies a current to the terminal of the antenna, and the antenna radiates energy in the current as radio waves. During reception, the antenna intercepts part of the power of the radio wave, generating a current at its terminal, which is then applied to the receiver for amplification. Antennas are the basic components of all radios, for radio broadcasting, broadcast television, two-way radio, communications receivers, radar, cell phones, satellite communications, and other devices. An antenna with a single antenna element may broadcast a radiation pattern that radiates uniformly in all directions in a spherical wavefront. Phased array antennas may generally refer to a collection of antenna elements used to focus electromagnetic energy in a particular spatial direction to produce a main beam. Phased array antennas can provide many advantages over single antenna systems, such as high gain, the ability to perform directional steering, and simultaneous communication. Thus, phased array antennas may be used more frequently in a variety of different applications, such as military applications, mobile technology, airborne radar technology, automotive radar, cellular telephone and data, and Wi-Fi technology. Drawings In order to provide a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, and features and advantages thereof, reference is made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts, and in which: Fig. 1A illustrates a top view of an exemplary antenna array system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 1B illustrates a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary antenna array system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 2 illustrates a top view of an exemplary patch antenna with perforations and extended conductive portions according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; fig. 3A illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary patch antenna structure with perforations and extended conductive portions, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 3B illustrates a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary patch antenna structure with perforations and extended conductive portions in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 4 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary patch antenna structure with plated holes and cut-out areas, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; fig. 5 illustrates a top view of an exemplary patch antenna structure with perforations and extended conductive portions in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 6 illustrates a top view of an exemplary stacked patch antenna structure with perforations and extended conductive portions, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an antenna array device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Description The systems, methods, and devices of the present disclosure each have several innovative embodiments, none of which are solely responsible for all of the desirable attributes disclosed herein. The details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this specification are set forth in the accompanying description and the drawings. As described above, antennas may be used in RF systems to transmit and/or receive radio waves wirelessly through space. As the demand for wireless communications continues to grow, there is interest in developing wireless communications over the millimeter wave band due to the large bandwidth available at these high frequencies. For example, fifth generation (5G) systems and networks may utilize 28GHz and 39GHz millimeter frequency b